Cyclin B1 overexpression in conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma- A correlation with clinicopathological features.

BACKGROUND: Nuclear localization of cyclin B1 is an indicator for cells undergoing mitotic division, and the overexpression has shown promising results as a good prognostic predictor for patients of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cyclin B1 overexpression among histological grades of conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma (COSCC), as well as comparison with verrucous carcinoma (VC) has been less investigated. STUDY DESIGN: Immunohistochemical expression of cyclin B1 was compared with various clinicopathological features in 30 primary COSCC and 31 primary VC cases. RESULT: Cyclin B1 showed significant overexpression for some clinical features for both the variants of oral squamous cell carcinoma. In histopathological variants, statistical significance was observed among grades of COSCC, as well as COSCC and its grades with VC. The concomitant increase in cyclin B1 overexpression from VC to grades COSCC was observed. CONCLUSION: Our study findings draw attention to cyclin B1 overexpression is involved in early carcinogenesis, cell differentiation and tumor proliferation.

Candida in oral pre-cancer and oral cancer.

Oral pre-malignancies and carcinomas are common epithelial pathologies caused by a variety of etiological factors. In the oral cavity, candidiasis is the most frequent opportunistic fungal infection. Since the initial reports of an association between candidiasis with oral pre-cancer and cancer, various theories have been debated regarding the role of candida in development and transformation of oral pre-malignancies. However, the exact role is still unclear. In the present article, we hypothesize a causal role for candidiasis in oral pre-cancer and cancer albeit an indirect one. We also suggest that candida along with other co-factors may play a role in initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis.