Optical cavity reaching 10-16 frequency stability with compact optical circulator based in-coupling optics.

Future space missions will benefit from highly stable and compact optical frequency references. While many promising technologies are currently under investigation, optical cavities are a well-suited technique for applications in which relative references are required. To improve the frequency stability of optical cavities, a key step in combining high performance with compactness and robustness is the further development of in-coupling optics. Here, we present our work of using a fiber-coupled circulator based in-coupling for a high-finesse optical cavity. Implementing the new, to the best of our knowledge, in-coupling board to an extensively characterized crossed cavity set-up allows us to identify possible differences to the commonly used free-beam technique. With a frequency stability of 5.5×10-16 H z -1/2 at 1 Hz and with only a slight degradation in frequency stability below the mHz range, no circulator-caused instabilities were observed.

1/f Noise Mitigation in an Opto-Mechanical Sensor with a Fabry-Pérot Interferometer.

Low-frequency and 1/f noise are common measurement limitations that arise in a variety of physical processes. Mitigation methods for these noises are dependent on their source. Here, we present a method for removing 1/f noise of optical origin using a micro-cavity Fabry-Pérot (FP) interferometer. A mechanical modulation of the FP cavity length was applied to a previously studied opto-mechanical sensor. It effectively mimics an up-conversion of the laser frequency, shifting signals to a region where lower white-noise sources dominate and 1/f noise is not present. Demodulation of this signal shifts the results back to the desired frequency range of observation with the reduced noise floor of the higher frequencies. This method was found to improve sensitivities by nearly two orders of magnitude at 1 Hz and eliminated 1/f noise in the range from 1 Hz to 4 kHz. A mathematical model for low-finesse FP cavities is presented to support these results. This study suggests a relatively simple and efficient method for 1/f noise suppression and improving the device sensitivity of systems with an FP interferometer readout.

Design and performance characterization of a new LISA-like (laser interferometer space antenna-like) gravitational reference sensor and torsion pendulum testbed.

In this paper, we present the design and performance of the upgraded University of Florida torsion pendulum facility for testing inertial sensor technology related to space-based gravitational wave observatories and geodesy missions. In particular, much work has been conducted on inertial sensor technology related to the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) space gravitational wave observatory mission. A significant upgrade to the facility was the incorporation of a newly designed and fabricated LISA-like gravitational reference sensor (GRS) based on the LISA Pathfinder GRS. Its LISA-like geometry has allowed us to make noise measurements that are more representative of those in LISA and has allowed for the characterization of the mechanisms of noise induced on a LISA GRS and their underlying physics. Noise performance results and experiments exploring the effect of temperature gradients across the sensor will also be discussed. The LISA-like sensor also includes unique UV light injection geometries for UV LED based charge management. Pulsed and DC charge management experiments have been conducted using the University of Florida charge management group's technology readiness level 4 charge management device. These experiments have allowed for the testing of charge management system hardware and techniques as well as characterizations of the dynamics of GRS test mass charging. The work presented here demonstrates the upgraded torsion pendulum's ability to act as an effective testbed for GRS technology.

Gyro-Free Inertial Navigation Systems Based on Linear Opto-Mechanical Accelerometers.

High-sensitivity uniaxial opto-mechanical accelerometers provide very accurate linear acceleration measurements. In addition, an array of at least six accelerometers allows the estimation of linear and angular accelerations and becomes a gyro-free inertial navigation system. In this paper, we analyze the performance of such systems considering opto-mechanical accelerometers with different sensitivities and bandwidths. In the six-accelerometer configuration adopted here, the angular acceleration is estimated using a linear combination of accelerometers' read-outs. The linear acceleration is estimated similarly but requires a correcting term that includes angular velocities. Accelerometers' colored noise from experimental data is used to derive, analytically and through simulations, the performance of the inertial sensor. Results for six accelerometers, separated by 0.5 m in a cube configuration show noise levels of 10-7 m s-2 and 10-5 m s-2 (in Allan deviation) for time scales of one second for the low-frequency (Hz) and high-frequency (kHz) opto-mechanical accelerometers, respectively. The Allan deviation for the angular velocity at one second is 10-5 rad s-1 and 5×10-4 rad s-1. Compared to other technologies such as MEMS-based inertial sensors and optical gyroscopes, the high-frequency opto-mechanical accelerometer exhibits better performance than tactical-grade MEMS for time scales shorter than 10 s. For angular velocity, it is only superior for time scales less than a few seconds. The linear acceleration of the low-frequency accelerometer outperforms the MEMS for time scales up to 300 s and for angular velocity only for a few seconds. Fiber optical gyroscopes are orders of magnitude better than the high- and low-frequency accelerometers in gyro-free configurations. However, when considering the theoretical thermal noise limit of the low-frequency opto-mechanical accelerometer, 5×10-11 m s-2, linear acceleration noise is orders of magnitude lower than MEMS navigation systems. Angular velocity precision is around 10-10 rad s-1 at one second and 5×10-7 rad s-1 at one hour, which is comparable to fiber optical gyroscopes. While experimental validation is yet not available, the results shown here indicate the potential of opto-mechanical accelerometers as gyro-free inertial navigation sensors, provided the fundamental noise limit of the accelerometer is reached, and technical limitations such as misalignments and initial conditions errors are well controlled.

Evidence of validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the “Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale” (OSCARS) in patients with schizophrenia.

Social Cognition (SC) impairment is part of the deficit syndrome of schizophrenia. The Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale (OSCARS) evaluates the perceived SC through an external reference informant. The aim of this paper is to analyze the psychometric properties of validity and reliability of its cross-cultural adaptation for the Spanish population.

Evidencias de validez y fiabilidad de laversión española de la “Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale” (OSCARS) en pacientes con esquizofrenia / Evidence of validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the “Observable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale” (OSCARS) in patients with schizophrenia

Introducción: El deterioro en la Cognición Social (CS)forma parte del síndrome deficitario de la esquizofrenia. LaObservable Social Cognition: A Rating Scale (OSCARS) evalúala CS percibida a través de un informador externo clave. Elobjetivo del estudio es analizar las propiedades psicométricasde validez y fiabilidad de su adaptación transcultural parapoblación española.Metodología. Estudio observacional y transversal en unamuestra de pacientes ambulatorios con esquizofrenia (n =109) seleccionados mediante muestreo simple aleatorizado.Instrumentos seleccionados: Tarea de Hinting, batería cognitiva de conceso MATRICS, escala de impresión clínica global(CGI-SCH) y cuaderno de datos ad hoc.Resultados. El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio identificóun modelo de dos factores, igual al original, que explican el59,02% del total de la varianza: sesgo cognitivo social y habilidad cognitiva social. Al igual que en la versión original, nose encontraron resultados de correlación con otras medidasde CS: tarea de Hinting (r: – 0,085; p = 0,382) o MSCEIT dela MATRICS (r: 0,015; p = 0,877). No se observaron correlaciones significativas con otros dominios neurocognitivos. Elcoeficiente alpha de Cronbach fue de 0,82 (0,75 y 0,76, paracada factor). El valor de kappa ponderado medio fue 0,43. Lapuntuación del Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclases, 0,84(IC95%: 0,76 – 0,88; p<0,001)Conclusiones. Los hallazgos apoyan la validez y fiabilidad de la adaptación transcultural de la OSCARS como unaherramienta de propiedades psicométricas equivalentes a laoriginal que permite la evaluación de la CS mediante un informante referente en individuos con esquizofrenia. (AU)

Introduction: Social Cognition (SC) impairment is part ofthe deficit syndrome of schizophrenia. The Observable SocialCognition: A Rating Scale (OSCARS) evaluates the perceivedSC through an external reference informant. The aim of thispaper is to analyze the psychometric properties of validityand reliability of its cross-cultural adaptation for the Spanishpopulation.Methods. Observational and cross-sectional study in asample of outpatients with schizophrenia (n = 109), selected by simple randomized sampling. Selected instruments:Hinting task, MATRICS cognitive consensus battery, clinicalglobal impression scale (CGI-SCH) and specific data collection logbook.Results. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified a two-factor model, like the original version, that explains 59.02% ofthe total variance: social cognitive bias and social cognitiveability. As in the original version, no correlation results werefound with other SC measures: Hinting task (r: - 0.085; pvalue = 0.382) or MSCEIT of the MATRICS (r: 0.015; p value 0.877). No specific correlations were observed with otherneurocognitive domains. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was0.82 (0.75 and 0.76, for each factor). The mean weighted kappa value was 0.43. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient score, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76 - 0.88; p <0.001). Conclusions. These findings support the validity and thereliability of the cross-cultural adaptation of the OSCARSa tool to assess SC by a referent informant in individualswith schizophrenia with similar psychometric properties tothe original version. (AU)

Sexually Transmitted Infections in the Community of Santa Ana Batha, Hidalgo, Mexico / Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual en la Comunidad de Santa Ana Batha, Hidalgo, México

Sexually transmitted infections [STI] represent a serious public health problem, which triggers different biological, economic and social complications, which is also related to migration, prostitution, and other factors. The present investigation was carried out with the aim of establishing an endemic channel on Sexually Transmitted Infections and its association with migration, vacation periods and other factors of risk.Methods. A retrospective descriptive observational study was carried out from a bibliographic review of the subject on the internet network retrospectively from 2016 to 2010 collected from SUIVE, in order to establish the endemic ITS channel of the Santa Ana Batha region, Chilcuautla Municipality, Hidalgo, compared with the influx of spas in the study region, it was also taken into account that the region is a migration step from the south to the north, and the epidemiological weeks were also related to the vacation periods.Results. it was obtained as a result that during these periods the number of cases increased considerably and exceeded the alert zone.Conclusion. The results obtained allow to establish as risk factors for STI the phenomenon of migration, the vacation periods and the influx to spas during vacation periods. This study allows us to establish that if we do not pay attention to risk factors, STIs will continue to mean negative results in the health of those involved.(AU)

Las infecciones de transmisión sexual [ITS] representan un grave problema de salud pública, que desencadena distintas complicaciones biológicas, económicas y sociales, que también se relacionan con la migración, la prostitución y otros factores. La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de establecer un canal endémico sobre Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual y su asociación con la migración, los periodos vacacionales y otros factores de riesgo.Métodos. Se realizó un estudio Observacional descriptivo de caracter retrospectivo a partir de una revisión bibliográfica del tema en la red de internet de forma retrospectiva del año 2016 al 2010 recolectada del SUIVE, con el fin de establecer el canal ITS endémico de la región Santa Ana Batha, Municipio Chilcuautla, Hidalgo, comparado con la afluencia de balnearios en En la región de estudio, también se tomó en cuenta que la región es un paso migratorio de sur a norte, y las semanas epidemiológicas también se relacionaron con los períodos vacacionales.Resultados. Se obtuvo como resultado que durante estos períodos el número de casos aumentó considerablemente y superó la zona de alerta.Conclusión. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer como factores de riesgo de ITS el fenómeno de la migración, los períodos vacacionales y la afluencia a balnearios durante los períodos vacacionales.(AU)

Simultaneous laser frequency stabilization to an optical cavity and an iodine frequency reference.

In this Letter, we demonstrate a method to combine a molecular iodine absolute frequency reference with a high-finesse optical cavity in a single laser to take advantage of the frequency stability properties of both systems at different time scales. The result is a laser exhibiting the long-term and short-term stability levels of the iodine frequency reference and optical cavity, respectively. The method uses frequency offset side-band locking and an acousto-optical modulator driven ac-coupled servo-loop to correct the iodine's short-term frequency fluctuations. Experimental results show cavity-limited stability at 1 Hz of 10-151/Hz and iodine stability below 10 mHz of 10-131/Hz. In terms of the Allan deviation, this corresponds to stability levels close to the 10-15 at 1 s and 10-14 for observation times >100s.

Satisfaction with antipsychotics as a medication: the role of therapeutic alliance and patient-perceived participation in decision making in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify independent predictors of satisfaction with antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated in a mental health catchment area. METHODS: Observational analytical study of patients (n = 150) recruited through a convenience sampling method from five mental health units. Satisfaction with the antipsychotic as a medication was evaluated using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM). Therapeutic alliance was assessed by the Working Alliance Inventory Short Form (WAI-S). Patient-perceived participation in decision-making was assessed using COMRADE (Combined Outcome Measure for Risk communication And treatment Decision making Effectiveness). A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables independently associated with the TSQM 'Global Satisfaction' total score. RESULTS: Two variables - age and higher level of self-perceived participation in treatment decision-making - were directly, significantly, and independently associated (ß coefficient values: 0.209 and 0.432, respectively) with a higher TSQM Global satisfaction score. In addition, the severity of psychotic symptoms was inversely associated with satisfaction (ß coefficient value: -0.205) (R2 = 0.355; R2 adj. = 0.291; F(13) = 5.554; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that involving the patient in treatment decision-making and optimising the treatment to reduce symptoms, especially in younger patients, could increase satisfaction with antipsychotic treatment.Key PointsPatient involvement in shared decision-making is relevant for treatment satisfaction.Current evidence suggests that improving the doctor-patient relationship optimises antipsychotics outcomes.Self-perceived participation in decision-making predicts satisfaction with antipsychotic medication.Types of antipsychotics do not determine consistent differences in satisfaction.

Ultrastable optical components using adjustable commercial mirror mounts anchored in a ULE spacer.

This paper describes a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to build ultrastable interferometers using commercial mirror mounts anchored in an ultralow expansion (ULE) base. These components will play a critical role in any light particle search (ALPS) and will also be included in ground testing equipment for the upcoming laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) mission. Contrary to the standard ultrastable designs where mirrors are bonded to the spacers, ruling out any later modifications and alignments, our design remains flexible and allows the alignment of optical components at all stages to be optimized and changed. Here we present the dimensional stability and angular stability of two commercial mirror mounts characterized in a cavity setup. The long-term length change in the cavity did not exceed 30 nm and the relative angular stability was within 2 µrad, which meet the requirements for ALPS. We were also able to demonstrate 1pm/Hz length noise stability, which is a critical requirement for various subsystems in LISA. These results have led us to design similar opto-mechanical structures, which will be used in ground verification to test the LISA telescope.