Mycoplasmas associated with bovine conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis.

In two separate herds of fattening calves a sudden-onset outbreak of ocular disease with profuse lacrimation occurred. The disease resembled the early stage of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis but after a few days the clinical signs of bronchopneumonia appeared. From conjunctival swabs Mycoplasma (M.) bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus were isolated. Moraxella bovis infection was not established. In one of the herds M. bovigenitalium was also found in the pneumonic lungs of dead calves. In one herd M. bovoculi was isolated from a cow with chronic keratoconjunctivitis, housed together with affected calves. Mycoplasmas were not isolated from ocular swabs of six bulls originating from a Reproductive Centre with temporary occurrence of unilateral serous conjunctivitis resistant to antibiotic therapy.

[Pathophysiologic mechanisms of functional disorders of the cardiorespiratory system in snoring]. / Patofizioloski mehanizam poremecaja funkcije kardiorespiratornog sistema pri fenomenu hrkanja.

Disturbances in the function of cardio-respiratory system due to nasal obstruction, accompanied by snoring, are described. Obstructions to other levels, oropharynx, pharynx and larynx, also inducing such disturbances are mentioned, with particular reference to snoring which may lead to the development of apnea during sleep. The need of a multidisciplinary approach to such patients is underlined, with a very specific role of the otorhinolaryngologist, especially when obstruction of the nose has caused such a disturbance. The act of snoring can be eliminated or diminished, and the development of obstructive apnea during sleep prevented or interrupted by accurate indications for and properly performed reconstructive surgery of the nose.

Cytological and histological alterations in the nasal mucous membrane during experimental obstruction of nasal openings.

In an attempt to determine the respiratory nasal mucous membrane response, a complete surgical obstruction of both nasal openings was experimentally done in four dogs. The fifth animal served as a control. After a 5 month period, the mucous membrane was cytologically and histologically examined. The findings obtained pointed to the development of degenerative alterations involving all the mucous membrane layers. The authors have thus concluded that stimulation of the respiratory mucous membrane by air stream is the most important factor associated with its multiple functioning. The results obtained in the experiment have been related to the daily clinical routine.

Reconstruction of the jugular vein with autotransplantation in an experimental model.

In experiments on 11 dogs, the authors attempted to develop a method for avoiding serious complications following simultaneous bilateral radical neck dissection. Both internal jugular veins were resected; one vein was reconstructed with the autologous v. femoralis. Blood flow in the reconstructed vein was normal in the early postoperative period in 8 dogs. In 7, phlebography confirmed normal blood flow in the reconstructed jugular vein after simultaneous injection of the contrast medium into both lingual veins, one and two months after surgery.

Microscopic and ultramicroscopic alterations of the respiratory mucous membrane in experimentally provoked bronchitis.

The noses of four experimental dogs were surgically obstructed, and thus their entire respiration was disturbed, and this affected the mucous membranes of the lower respiratory passages. Normal histological examinations and electronic microscopy found chronic irritation of the bronchial mucous membranes. It was possible histologically to follow the most subtile alterations on the membranes from the very beginning of the chronic bronchitis. The importance of nasal obstruction as a contributing factor of chronic bronchitis is stressed.