ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio surge de la necesidad en el centro de salud de mejorar el clima emocional de una sala de espera triste, apagada e inexpresiva y pasar a una estancia acogedora, amigable y educativa. Entendemos que la antesala de la consulta debe formar parte del cuidado global de la población infantil y la familia. Se buscaba mejorar el entorno físico del centro de salud en la zona de Pediatría. Al pintar las paredes del centro de salud tal vez no necesariamente se humanice el espacio, pero se hace más amable, intentando crear un sitio en el que el arte no solo aporte belleza, sino que sea una estrategia en educación de salud. Durante la espera no solo se dispondrá de un entorno atractivo y agradable, sino que además se fomentarán hábitos de vida saludables de forma creativa a través de dibujos que desarrollan historias con enseñanzas sobre la alimentación, la higiene, la amistad, etc. En las distintas fases del proyecto, se han implicado niños, profesores y el Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza, además de los profesionales sanitarios. Queremos reconocer de forma especial su contribución a la persona artífice del trabajo, Leticia García Longás. (AU)
The objective of this study arises in the health center from the need to improve the emotional environment, going from a sad, dull and inexpressive waiting room to a welcoming, friendly and educational one. We understand that the waiting room must be part of the global care of the children and their family. We looked for a physical improvement of the the pediatric area in the health center. Painting the walls of the health center may not humanize the space but it makes it friendlier, trying to create a place where art not only brings beauty but is also a health education strategy. During the wait, there won´t be only an attractive and pleasant environment, but also healthy lifestyle habits in a creative way through drawings that will develop stories with teachings about food, hygiene, friendship, etc. Children, teachers, the Zaragoza city council, health center professionals and especially the architect of the work, Leticia García Longás, have been involved in the different phases of the project. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Humanization of Assistance , Health Education/methods , Pediatrics , Total Quality Management/methods , SpainABSTRACT
Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strategy of analysis used in our study conforms to the exploratory nature of the RIF that is used as a tool to obtain quick and flexible insight into epidemiologic surveillance problems. This article describes the use of the RIF to explore possible associations between disease indicators and environmental factors. We used exposure analysis to assess the effect of both protective factors--calcium and magnesium--on mortality from cerebrovascular (ICD-9 430-438) and ischemic heart (ICD-9 410-414) diseases. This study provides statistical evidence of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular diseases and hardness of drinking water. This relationship is stronger in cerebrovascular disease than in ischemic heart disease, is more pronounced for women than for men, and is more apparent with magnesium than with calcium concentration levels. Nevertheless, the protective nature of these two factors is not clearly established. Our results suggest the possibility of protectiveness but cannot be claimed as conclusive. The weak effects of these covariates make it difficult to separate them from the influence of socioeconomic and environmental factors. We have also performed disease mapping of standardized mortality ratios to detect clusters of municipalities with high risk. Further standardization by levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water shows changes in the maps when we remove the effect of these covariates.
