[Features of drainage of pyelocaliceal system in children after laparoscopic pyeloplasty].

The study was aimed to improvement of results of treatment of children with congenital hydronephrosis due to reduction ofinvasiveness of operative approach and optimization of method of urine derivation in the postoperative period. From February 2008 to February 2012, 30 laparoscopic pyeloplasty were performed (16 boys, 14 girls, age from 2 months to 14 years, body weight 5500 g and more). Transabdominal pyeloplasty was performed by the Hynes-Anderson method. In 13 cases the ureteral stent deployment was performed, in 8 - pyelostoma was performed, nephrostomy performed earlier was maintained in 2 children, and in 7 children nephrostomy was performed by the proposed method. The mean duration of surgery was 110 (80-240) min. Results were followed for 3 to 53 months. 1 child on the 2nd day had falling pielostomy with the development of pyelonephritis, and 1 child had formation of urinoma. Both children had consistent anastomosis not required re-pyeloplasty. One child had persistent anastomotic stricture, which required re-pyeloplasty. Follow-up examinations included the ultrasound and intravenous urography. At the present moment, there are no complaints at all children, exacerbations of infections of the urinary system are not registered. Thus, laparoscopic pyeloplasty is an effective technique regardless of the age of the children, but it is necessary to further improve the drainage of the pelvicalyceal system in the postoperative period.

Hormesis and debilitation effects in stress experiments using the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans: the model of balance between cell damage and HSP levels.

In this article, we discuss mechanisms responsible for the effects of heat treatment on increasing subsequent survival in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. We assume that the balance between damage associated with exposure to thermal stress and the level of heat shock proteins produced plays a key role in forming the age-pattern of mortality and survival in stress experiments. We propose a stochastic model of stress, which describes the accumulation of damage in the cells of the worm as the worm ages. The model replicates the age trajectories of experimental survival curves in three experiments in which worms were heat-treated for 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8h. We also discuss analytical results and directions of further research. The proposed method of stochastic modelling of survival data provides a new approach that can be used to model, analyse and extrapolate experimental results.