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1.
SAGE Open Med ; 7: 2050312119838746, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30915219

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In 2014, immediately prior to the revision of Article 25-2 of the Pharmacists' Act, we conducted a survey on pharmacists' and patients' perceptions of pharmacists' roles. A role discrepancy between the two was identified. The objective was to examine changes in role perceptions and awareness of pharmacists as medication specialists following revision to the Pharmacists' Act. METHODS: The survey was conducted using an Internet-based questionnaire. A total of 469 patients and 354 pharmacists responded to 12 questions about the perceived roles of pharmacists. RESULTS: Analysis revealed that the only evaluation that changed as a result of revisions was pharmacists' role as "family or regular pharmacist," with scores dropping by about half. As in 2014, the high rating rate for pharmacists surpassed the high rating of patients for all other items. The greatest discrepancy in role perception was observed for the same three items ("Understanding the effects of the drugs the patients are taking," "Understanding the health changes caused by the drugs dispensed to the patients," and "Consciously protecting patients from the adverse effects of drugs") as 2014. CONCLUSION: A major role discrepancy continues to exist between patients and pharmacists, and it is necessary for pharmacists to take on a more advanced role in patient care. Results suggest that pharmacists must monitor changes in patients' lifestyles and provide clear explanations for patients to rate them highly as medication specialists.

2.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol ; 25(6): 369-76, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21800402

ABSTRACT

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds including 3-methylcholanthrene induce harmful reactive intermediates and reactive oxygen species. This study reports the effect of 3-methylcholanthrene on the accumulation of vitamin C and the expression of vitamin C transporters. ODS rats were given l-ascorbic acid daily and intraperitoneal injections of 10 mg 3-methylcholanthrene in total. On day 10, vitamin C concentrations and the expression of vitamin C transporter in the tissues were measured. As a result, the levels of sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter (SVCTs) 1 and the l-ascorbic acid concentration in 3-methylcholanthrene-treated livers and hepatocytes have increased significantly. However, the content of vitamin C in the urine and TBARS in the liver have not changed. These results suggest that the administration of 3-methylcholanthrene elevates the requirement for vitamin C via (SVCTs) 1 due to xenobitics-metabolizing, such as the induction of cytochrome P450 family.


Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Environmental Pollutants/toxicity , Liver/drug effects , Methylcholanthrene/toxicity , RNA, Messenger/genetics , Sodium-Coupled Vitamin C Transporters/genetics , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage , Ascorbic Acid/urine , Blotting, Western , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/genetics , Glucose Transporter Type 1/genetics , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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