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1.
Molecules ; 28(19)2023 Sep 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37836718

ABSTRACT

Proton therapy allows the treatment of specific areas and avoids the surrounding tissues. However, this technique has uncertainties in terms of the distal dose fall-off. A promising approach to studying the proton range is the use of nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents that produce detectable signals. For this, we developed an iron oxide nanoparticle doped with Zn (IONP@Zn-cit) with a hydrodynamic size of 10 nm and stability in serum. Cytotoxicity, defined as half of the surveillance, was 100 µg Zn/mL in the U251 cell line. The effect on clonogenic cell death was tested after X-ray irradiation, which suggested a radioprotective effect of these nanoparticles at low concentrations (1-10 µg Zn/mL). To evaluate the production of positron emitters and prompt-gamma signals, IONP@Zn-cit was irradiated with protons, obtaining prompt-gamma signals at the lowest measured concentration (10 mg Zn/mL). Finally, 67Ga-IONP@Zn-cit showed accumulation in the liver and spleen and an accumulation in the tumor tissue of 0.95% ID/g in a mouse model of U251 cells. These results suggest the possibility of using Zn nanoparticles as proton-activatable agents to verify the range by prompt gamma detection and face the challenges of prompt gamma detection in a specific biological situation, opening different avenues to go forward in this field.


Subject(s)
Nanoparticles , Proton Therapy , Animals , Mice , Protons , Proton Therapy/methods , Zinc/pharmacology , Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
2.
Repert. med. cir ; 23(2): 145-148, 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-795668

ABSTRACT

El sistema de utilización de medicamentos (SUM) está compuesto por múltiples procesos donde interactúan enfermeras, médicos y personal de farmacia, siendo las primeras quienes tienen más responsabilidades. Este estudio buscó establecer la prevalencia y posibles causas de los errores en los pacientes de alto riesgo farmacológico en un hospital de alta complejidad. Método: estudio de corte transversal con seguimiento durante tres meses al SUM, con un total de 318 adultos; se revisó el cumplimiento en la formulación, entrega, preparación y administración de los medicamentos. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante observación en campo y revisión de historias clínicas. Resultados: la prevalencia global de error por cada 100 dosis/ pacientes en todo el SUM fue de 5% o más en 95% de los casos. Del total de errores reportados, 1.89% llegó a causar daño al paciente. Los turnos de la mañana y el fin de semana, la experiencia menor de seis meses del personal de enfermería y la estancia hospitalaria mayor de diez días fueron situaciones con mayor prevalencia. Conclusión: la prevalencia superior de errores en pacientes de alto riesgo farmacológico sugiere una mayor dificultad en el manejo de medicamentos en estos casos. Las estrategias de mejoramiento deben estar alineadas con el contexto institucional y ser específicas para este grupo de pacientes...


The medication use system (MUS) comprises multiple processes where nurses, doctors and pharmacists interact. Nurse practitioners have the greatest responsibility of the three. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence and possible causes for medication errors in patients with high pharmacological risk in a high complexity hospital. Method: this was a three-month MUS follow-up cross-sectional study, including 318 adult participants; reviewing medication prescription compliance, delivery, preparation and administration. Data was obtained through field observation and a review of clinical records. Results: overall error prevalence per 100 doses/patients in the entire MUS was 5% or more, in 95% of the cases. Of the total amount of reported errors, 1.89% caused patient harm. Situations with the greatest prevalence were: morning and week end shifts, nurses with less than six month of experience and length of hospital stay greater than ten days. Conclusion: the highest prevalence of errors in patients with high pharmacological risk suggests a greater difficulty in medication management. Improvement strategies need to be aligned with institutional context and be specific for this group of patients...


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Utilization , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Patients/classification , Quality Control
3.
Enferm. glob ; 12(32): 171-184, oct. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-115711

ABSTRACT

Los errores en el sistema de utilización de medicamentos (SUM) son un problema clínico que aumenta la morbimortalidad y el costo del tratamiento. El objetivo del trabajo fue detectar los errores en el SUM, establecer los factores asociados a su ocurrencia y su relación con el evento adverso, en pacientes con alto riesgo farmacológico, en una entidad hospitalaria de tercer nivel de Bogotá; en un periodo de tres meses del 2012. Metodología: Se realizó observación directa en 318 pacientes adultos, la revisión de historias clínicas en 309 de ellos y la revisión de los reportes voluntarios de eventos adversos relacionados con medicamentos. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva con Stata 10. Resultados: Se encontró que la prevalencia global de error por cada 100 dosis paciente, en todo el sistema de utilización de medicamentos fue del 5% o más en el 95% de los pacientes; la falta de ronda de seguridad farmacológica con un 94.03% y el error de omisión del registro después de la administración del medicamento con un 68.62% fueron los errores, que ocuparon el primer lugar en campo y revisión de historias clínicas, respectivamente. El 1.89% llegó a causar daño temporal al paciente. Conclusiones: Los turnos de la mañana y el fin de semana, la experiencia del personal de enfermería menor a 6 meses, y la estancia hospitalaria mayor a 10 días fueron circunstancias en donde la prevalencia de errores fue superior. La enfermera(o) tiene la responsabilidad de controlar el desarrollo de cada fase del SUM. y de liderar su mejora continua (AU)


The mistakes in the system of utilization of medicines (SUM) are a clinical problem that increases the morbidity - mortality in the hospitals and the cost of the treatment. The aim of the work was to detect the mistakes in the SUM, to establish the factors associated to his occurrence and his relation with the adverse event, in patients hospitalized with high pharmacological risk, in a hospital of the third level of Bogota; in a period of three months of the year 2012. Method: Direct observation was realized in 318 adults, the review of their clinical records in 309 of them and the review of the voluntary reports of adverse events related to medicines. The analysis of results was realized across descriptive statistics by Stata 10. Results: Thinking that the global prevalence of mistake for every 100 patient doses, in the whole system of utilization of medicines was 5 % or more in 95 % of the patients; the lack of round of pharmacological safety with 94.03 % and the omission mistake of the record after the administration of the medicine with 68.62 % were the observed mistakes, which occupied the first place in field and review of clinical histories respectively. Of the total of analyzed mistakes, 1.89 % managed to damage the patient Conclusions: The shifts in the morning and the weekend, the experience of the personnel of minor infirmary to 6 months, and the stay at hospital longer than 10 days were circumstances where the prevalence of mistakes was high. The nurse has the responsibility of controlling de development of each period of the SUM and to lead its continuous improvement (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Medication Errors/nursing , Medication Errors/prevention & control , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Risk Groups , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Nurse Clinicians/organization & administration , Medication Errors/adverse effects , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Comorbidity , Nursing Care/organization & administration , Nursing Care/standards , Nursing Care
4.
Repert. med. cir ; 22(3): 204-208, 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-795639

ABSTRACT

La dipirona es un analgésico y antipirético muy usado en Colombia; es considerado en otros países como medicamento perjudicial. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar su uso como analgésico para el manejo del dolor en una entidad de tercer nivel. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con una población de 240 adultos que recibieron tratamiento con dipirona; las fuentes de datos son la historia clínica, el consumo reportado por farmacia en el año 2011 y el cálculo mensual de las dosis diarias definidas. El análisis estadístico de la información se realizó en Stata 10. Se encontró que este fármaco es el analgésico de primera línea en la institución para el manejo del dolor en el postoperatorio, con dosis de prescripción superior a la establecida por la OMS. Se analiza la posible relación con reacciones adversas, que se presentaron en 52% de los pacientes, como fueron hipotensión (98%) y erupción cutánea (2%). Se concluye que hay necesidad de ajustar la dosis a 3 g/día para observar la efectividad clínica del medicamento y el impacto económico en la institución...


Dipyrone is an analgesic and antipyretic broadly used in Colombia; in other countries it is considered a harmful drug. This work aimed to determine its use in pain management in a tertiary health care facility. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in a population of 240 adults who received dipyrone therapy; data was obtained from clinical records, pharmacy reports of its use in year 2011 and a monthly estimate of defined daily doses. Stata 10 was used for data statistical analysis. The study revealed that dipyrone is used as a first line analgesic for postoperative pain management in the institution, using higher prescription doses than those established by the WHO. The potential relationship with adverse reactions was analyzed, and was found in 52%: hypotension (98%) and skin rash (2%). It was concluded that the dose needs to be adjusted to 3 g/day in order to observe the analgesic efficacy of dipyrone and its financial impact on the institution...


Subject(s)
Humans , Dipyrone , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Dosage , Impacts of Polution on Health
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