Pregestational BMI and higher offspring's risk of overweight/obesity in smoker and non-smoker mothers.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between pregestational BMI and offspring's risk of overweight/obesity after accounting for the most important confounders, especially maternal smoking habit. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) study is a prospective cohort of Spanish graduates with more than 22 000 participants nationwide. Recruitment started in 1999, and it is permanently open. Data on diet, lifestyle and clinical diagnoses are collected at baseline and every 2 years. PARTICIPANTS: Women from the SUN cohort who reported at least one pregnancy during follow-up (n 3496) were invited to this study. Among them, 1527 agreed to participate and completed an additional more detailed online questionnaire on their pregnancy history and their offspring's nutritional status. RESULTS: After excluding 165 children, we analysed data of 2791 participants born to 1485 mothers and observed that each 5 kg/m2 increase in pregestational BMI was associated with a 0·22 (95 % CI 0·15, 0·29) higher z-score in offspring's BMI and higher risk of overweight/obesity (multivariable-adjusted relative risk (RR) 1·57 (95 % CI 1·39, 1·77)) in childhood or adolescence. Furthermore, we observed stronger association in children born to smoker mothers (RR 1·91; 95 % CI 1·48, 2·46) than from non-smoker mothers (RR 1·51; 95 % CI 1·31, 1·73) (Pfor interaction = 0·02). CONCLUSIONS: We found a synergistic interaction between pregestational BMI and maternal smoking habit on offspring's z-score of the BMI and in their risk of overweight/obesity. Although further research is needed to analyse dose-response relationships, these findings reinforce the importance of promoting healthy lifestyles in pregnant women in order to prevent childhood obesity.

Valoración de una campaña de promoción de hábitos de alimentación saludable en trabajadores de una Universidad española / Evaluation of a campaign to promote healthy feeding habits among employees of a spanish university

Introducción: El objetivo del trabajo es valorar el impacto y los resultados de una campaña encaminada a promover hábitos de alimentación saludable entre los trabajadores de un centro universitario. Material y Métodos: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de tipo transversal que evalúa en 343 trabajadores de la Universidad de Navarra los hábitos alimentarios basales y tras la intervención, así como el impacto mediático y el grado de satisfacción de la campaña. Resultados: La mayoría de los hábitos alimentarios mejoran tras un año de implantación de la campaña, aunque ninguno de forma significativa. Por otro lado, el 38% IC95% (29%-47%) de los trabajadores cree que la campaña ha servido para mejorar su alimentación en cafeterías o comedores universitarios. Aunque los resultados no son significativos, se puede decir que se ha encontrado una tendencia hacia el cambio en los hábitos alimentarios. La valoración por parte de los trabajadores ha sido muy positiva, hecho que anima a continuar con la campaña (AU)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the impact and theresults of a campaign designed to promote healthy feeding habits among university workers. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 343 Universidad de Navarra workers, and then evaluated: their basal feeding habits, how these habits changed after the intervention, the media impact of the campaign and the degree of satisfaction of the workers. Results: Most feeding habits improved after one year of campaign, although not significantly. Over 38% CI95% (29%-47%) of the workers believed that the campaign had improved their nutrition habits in the university restaurants. Although no statistically significant results were found, we might say that there was a trend toward the change in the eating habits. The workers evaluation of the campaign was very positive, encouraging to continue with It (AU)

Validación de una encuesta para evaluar el estado nutricional y los estilos de vida en las etapas preconcepcional, embarazo y lactancia / Validation of a questionnaire to assess the nutritional status and lifestyles in stages of preconception, pregnancy and lactation

Fundamentos: El estado nutricional y los estilos de vida influyen sobre la salud de la madre y/o del bebé en situación preconcepcional, embarazo y lactancia. En este sentido, contar con instrumentos validados que valoren la relación entre nutrición y salud es de interés en dicha población. El objetivo fue validar la recogida de datos antropométricos, cuestionario de actividad física (CAF) y cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos (CFCA), de la encuesta nutricional empleada en el PLENUFAR IV. Métodos: Se reclutó 60 mujeres en estado preconcepcional, embarazo y lactancia. A cada una, un farmacéutico les aplicó el cuestionario a validar y el dietista-nutricionista el patrón de referencia. Resultados: El coeficiente de correlación y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) para las variables antropométricas y el CAF presentaron elevada asociación entre las medidas realizadas por ambos profesionales. Los coeficientes de correlación para el CFCA se hallaron entre r=0,4 y r=0,6 y los CCI entre r=0,1 y r=0,7. El análisis de clasificaciones cruzadas reveló que sólo el 2,1% de las mujeres fueron clasificadas en quintiles extremos por ambos CFCA. Conclusiones: La encuesta PLENUFAR IV ha obtenido índices de validez comparables a otras herramientas similares para evaluar el estado nutricional, perfil de actividad física y hábitos alimentarios de mujeres en estado preconcepcional, embarazo y lactancia, en oficinas de farmacia (AU)

Background: Nutritional status and lifestyles in preconception, pregnancy and lactation states, affect the health of the mother and/or baby. It is necessary to have validated instruments that assess the interaction between both variables (nutrition and health). The aim of the study was to validate the anthropometric data, physical activity questionnaire (PAQ) and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of the nutritional survey used in PLENUFAR IV. Methods: The survey recruited 60 women in preconception, pregnancy and lactation states. In each, a pharmacist applied the questionnaire to be validated and a dietitian-nutritionist the questionnaire which was used as gold standard. Results: The correlation coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for anthropometric variables and PAQ were found to be high. The correlation coefficients for the FFQ were found in the range r=0.4 and r=0.6 and ICC between r=0.1 and r =0.7. The cross classification analysis revealed that only 2.1% of the women were classified as extreme quintiles for both questionnaires. Conclusions: The survey PLENUFAR IV obtained validity index comparable to other similar tools for assessing the nutritional status, physical activity profile and dietary habits of women in preconception, pregnancy and lactation states, in pharmacies (AU)