ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Neurological involvement during influenza infection has been described during epidemics and is often consistent with serious sequelae or death. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the etiologic agent involved in myelopathy post influenza-like syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: This investigation focuses on virus isolation from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from a 19-year-old male student presenting with clinical diagnosis of myelopathy post influenza-like syndrome. To achieve this goal, different cell cultures and molecular methodologies were carried out. RESULTS: Influenza virus A(H3N2) strain was isolated in MDCK cell culture; virus particles were observed under electron microscopy. Phylogenetics analyses showed that the Brazilian influenza A(H3N2) strains were closely related to the A/Perth/16/2009-like. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that influenza virus A(H3N2) strain was the cause of illness of the students. According to the Brazilian influenza virus sentinel surveillance data A/Perth/16/2009-LIKE (H3N2) strain has predominated during the 2010 influenza virus season in Brasília-DF.
Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid/virology , Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/isolation & purification , Influenza, Human/complications , Influenza, Human/virology , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnosis , Spinal Cord Diseases/virology , Animals , Brazil , Cell Line , Dogs , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques , Phylogeny , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Virus Cultivation , Young AdultABSTRACT
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) benarrochi s.l., Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) oswaldoi s.l., and Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) konderi s.l. collected in Acrelandia, state of Acre, Brazil, were identified based on morphological characters of the male genitalia, fourth-instar larvae, and pupae. Morphological variation was observed in the male genitalia of these species in comparison with specimens from other localities in Brazil. DNA sequence from the nuclear ribosomal second internal transcribed spacer of individuals identified as An. benarrochi s.l. by using male genitalia characteristics showed that the various morphological forms are conspecific but are distinct from An. benarrochi B from Colombia. Anopheles konderi s.l. and An. oswaldoi s.l. both misidentified as An. oswaldoi s.s. (Peryassti) throughout Brazil, may actually comprise at least two undescribed species. Diagnostic morphological characteristics of the male genitalia are provided to distinguish Anopheles benarrochi s.l., Anopheles oswaldoi s.l., and Anopheles konderi s.l. from morphologically similar species. Incrimination of An. oswaldoi s.s. in malaria transmission in Brazil needs further investigation because other undescribed species from Acre may have been confounded with this taxon.
Subject(s)
Anopheles/classification , DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics , Animals , Anopheles/anatomy & histology , Anopheles/genetics , Base Sequence , Brazil , Genitalia/anatomy & histology , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Nucleotide sequence analyses of the SH gene of 18 mumps virus isolates collected in the 2006-2007 parotitis epidemic in the state of São Paulo identified a new genotype, designated genotype M. This new designation fulfills all the parameters required to define a new mumps virus genotype. The parameters were established by an expert panel in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2005. This information will enhance the mumps virus surveillance program both at the national and global levels.
Subject(s)
Mumps virus/classification , Mumps virus/genetics , Mumps/virology , Adolescent , Adult , Amino Acid Sequence , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Mumps/epidemiology , Mumps virus/isolation & purification , RNA, Viral/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Viral ProteinsABSTRACT
F9 mouse teratocarcinoma cells have a high capacity to adhere to laminin and we identified alpha6/beta1 integrin as the principal laminin-binding protein present in these cells. F9 cells differentiated into parietal endoderm when monolayer cultures were treated with retinoic acid and dibutyryl cyclic AMP. In this process a decreased adherence to laminin was observed due to a lower expression of alpha6/beta1 integrin on the cell surface
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Down-Regulation , Integrins/physiology , Laminin/physiology , Tretinoin/pharmacology , Cell Adhesion , Bucladesine/pharmacology , Cell Differentiation , Flow Cytometry , Integrins/metabolism , Laminin/metabolism , Protein Binding , Receptors, Laminin/metabolism , Receptors, Laminin/physiology , Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effectsABSTRACT
1. A new cloning procedure is described for cDNA synthesis from mRNA released by in vitro translation of polysomes in a cell-free amino acid incorporating system. The usefulness of the method lies in the feasibility of employing nanogram amounts of mRNA. 2. Complementary DNA is synthesized derectly in the translation mixture simply by adjusting the concentration of some components and removing ribosomes by boiling and centrifugation. 3. As an example, we report here the construction and characterization of cDNA clone corresponding to chick alfa (1) procollagen starting from a collagen-synthesizing polysome fraction obtained from chick embryos
