Comparative analysis of dental trauma in contact and non-contact sports: A systematic review.

Dental traumas in sports are common and have physical, social, psychological, and economic impacts. The aim of this study was to determine, through a systematic review, the prevalence of dental trauma in contact and non-contact sports. This review was submitted to PROSPERO (CRD42023421206). Included studies addressed the prevalence of dental trauma in young athletes and adults above 18 years, excluding reviews, editorials, symposiums, or those evaluating athletes under 18 years. A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, LIVIVO, SPORTDiscus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source (via EBSCO), and Lilacs and BBO, as well as gray literature. Bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data were synthesized considering study characteristics, population, sport, and outcomes. R Statistics software was used for all meta-analyses. A total of 1707 articles were identified. After applying eligibility criteria, eight were selected. Three studies, not previously observed, were later added after reading four systematic reviews on a similar topic. Fourteen contact sports and five non-contact sports were analyzed. The prevalence of dental trauma was 11.38% in contact sports and 5.24% in non-contact sports. Regardless of the type of sport, athletes face risks of dental trauma, with contact sports showing higher prevalence. The use of mouthguards is essential across all contact and non-contact sports as a preventive measure.

Anaemia among school children of different socioeconomical status in a city of Southern Brazil.

Background: Iron deficiency is one of the leading causes of anaemia, with those most affected being children and women of childbearing age, in Brazil there is a scarcity of studies involving the local prevalence of anaemia. Aim: To evaluate anaemia and associated factors in schoolchildren in Santa Cruz do Sul through the analysis of biochemical and haematological markers and parasitological examination of faeces. Subjects and methods: School children from 10 to 12 years of age were evaluated through complete blood count, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein and stool parasitological examination, as well as socio-demographic characteristics and prophylaxis with ferrous sulphate in childhood. Results: It was found that 13.0% of the population was anaemic, girls were very slightly overrepresented among the anaemic children. Only 5.3% had altered haematocrit levels; 26.6% had low Mean Corpuscular Volume levels; 18.4% had low ferritin levels; 2.4% had increased C-reactive protein levels, and 21.7% had altered eosinophils. As for the socioeconomic level, classes A2 and D presented lower haemoglobin levels, as well as class D presenting lower ferritin levels, although without statistical significance. Only 6.0% of the population presented iron-deficiency anaemia and 46.0% of the schoolchildren had used ferrous sulphate supplementation in childhood. Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia in the studied municipality is low, probably due to the high municipal human development index. Epidemiological studies are essential to characterise the population in a systematic form, to prevent future problems.

Avaliação dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho no Brasil no contexto da saúde do trabalhador: uma revisão de escopo / Assessment of psychosocial aspects of work in Brazil in the context of worker health: a scoping review

Resumo Objetivo: descrever dimensões da avaliação dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho (APST) encontradas na literatura e em documentos normativos no Brasil. Métodos: revisão de escopo com busca de artigos nas bases Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Brasil, Web of Science e Medline, publicados de 2017 a 2021. Também incluíram-se documentos governamentais brasileiros com orientação ou indicação para avaliação dos APST. Resultados: foram selecionados 58 artigos e 22 documentos governamentais. Destes, 75,9% são estudos de delineamento quantitativo transversal. A área da saúde foi o principal campo de estudo, assim como a categoria dos profissionais de enfermagem. Dos documentos governamentais, 63,6% classificam-se como materiais de suporte técnico, a maioria voltada para saúde do trabalhador e vigilância. Discussão: a maior parte dos estudos compreende APST como aspectos relacionados ao estresse ocupacional, referenciando-se, sobretudo, no modelo demanda-controle. A associação com desfechos de saúde, principalmente burnout, se destacou entre os artigos. Mesmo apresentando fragilidade de delimitação conceitual e metodológica, os documentos governamentais têm na Ergonomia da Atividade e Psicodinâmica do Trabalho as principais referências teóricas. Conclusão: é preciso maior aproximação entre conhecimento acadêmico, normatização e suporte técnico sobre avaliação dos APST para fortalecimento da Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador e da Trabalhadora (Visatt).

Abstract Objective: to describe the dimensions of the assessment of psychosocial aspects of work (APST) in Brazil found in the literature and normative documents. Methods: this is a scoping review that included the of scientific papers in the Virtual Health Library of Brazil, Web of Science and Medline databases, published from 2017 to 2021. Gray literature was also included, being characterized by documents from the Brazilian government with guidance or indications to evaluate APST. Results: 58 articles and 22 government documents were included. Of these, 75.9% are cross-sectional quantitative studies. The health area stood out as the main field of study, as well as the category of nursing professionals. Regarding government documents, 63.6% were classified as technical support materials, most of which focused on worker's health and surveillance. Discussion: most of scientific studies understand APST as aspects related to occupational stress, mainly referring to the demand-control model. The association with health outcomes, especially burnout, stood out among the scientific papers. Despite presenting conceptual and methodological frailty regarding APST, government documents presented the Ergonomic Activity and Psychodynamics of Work as the main theoretical references. Conclusions: academic knowledge, legal standardization and technical support should be made closer on the evaluation of APST to strengthen VISATT.

Teleconsulta de enfermagem: desenvolvimento de plataforma para atendimento de casos de Covid-19 / Nursing teleconsultation: development of a platform for Covid-19 case management / Telecosulta en enfermería: desarrollo de una plataforma para el manejo de casos de Covid-19

Objetivo: Desenvolver uma plataforma virtual de Teleconsulta para atendimento a casos suspeitos de Síndromes Gripais e infecção por COVID-19. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza aplicada, com desenvolvimento de produção tecnológica e inovadora, prospectivo, ecológico, descritivo, de série temporal. A população do estudo foi formada por qualquer pessoa sintomática para Síndromes Gripais por COVID-19, suspeitos ou confirmados, de qualquer local do Brasil. Este estudo foi realizado em duas etapas, a saber: Etapa I: Desenvolvimento da Aplicação para Plataforma de Teleconsulta. Etapa II: atendimento por meio de Teleconsulta de Casos suspeitos de COVID-19 e Sindromes Gripais. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento da aplicação proposta foi a modelagem por prototipação evolucionária. Resultados: Foram realizados 209 atendimentos na Plataforma de Teleconsulta, sendo 151 (70%) do sexo feminino e 65 (30%) do sexo masculino, com prevalência de idade variando de 20 a 29 anos (41%). Quanto ao risco de infecção por COVID-19, 42 (20%) tinham alto risco, 75 (36%) médio risco e 92 (44%) baixo risco. Os sintomas mais prevalentes foram: secreção nasal ou espirros (53%), dores no corpo (49%), dor de cabeça (47%), dor de garganta (46%), tosse seca (35%), Febre (31%), falta de ar (25%) e diarreia (23%). Inicialmente o teleatendimento foi composto por teletriagem com classificação de risco com base na sintomatologia dos pacientes que foram codificados com pontuações conforme a gravidade do sintoma para formas graves de COVID-19. A classificação de risco categorizou os pacientes em risco baixo (1 a 9 pontos), risco médio (10 a 19 pontos) e risco alto (20 a 36 pontos). Em seguida, a teleconsulta foi agendada conforme disponibilidade do paciente por meio do método SBAR para comunicação efetiva e ao término do atendimento um plano de cuidados com Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem ­ SAE era encaminhado ao paciente por meio de WhatsApp ou e-mail. Conclusão: A plataforma de teleconsulta possibilitou a triagem dos pacientes, reduziu as visitas desnecessárias às unidades de emergência, permitiu a avaliação e monitoramento dos casos, bem como o acompanhamento de pacientes ambulatoriais que não necessitam de avaliação presencial.

Objective: To develop a virtual Teleconsultation platform for care of suspected cases of influenza syndromes and infection by COVID-19. Methodology: This is a study of applied nature, with development of technological and innovative production, prospective, ecological, descriptive, time series. The study population was made up of any person symptomatic for COVID-19 influenza syndromes, suspected or confirmed, from any location in Brazil. This study was conducted in two stages, namely: Stage I: Development of the Application for Teleconsultation Platform. Stage II: care through Teleconsultation of suspected cases of COVID-19 and influenza syndromes. The methodology used to develop the proposed application was evolutionary prototyping modeling. Results: There were 209 consultations in the Teleconsultation Platform, 151 (70%) were female and 65 (30%) were male, with prevalence of age ranging from 20 to 29 years (41%). As for the risk of infection by COVID-19, 42 (20%) had high risk, 75 (36%) medium risk and 92 (44%) low risk. The most prevalent symptoms were: nasal discharge or sneezing (53%), body aches (49%), headache (47%), sore throat (46%), dry cough (35%), fever (31%), shortness of breath (25%), and diarrhea (23%). Initially, the telecare was composed of teletry with risk classification based on the symptomatology of the patients who were coded with scores according to symptom severity for severe forms of COVID-19. The risk classification categorized patients into low risk (1 to 9 points), medium risk (10 to 19 points), and high risk (20 to 36 points). Then, the teleconsultation was scheduled according to the patient's availability through the SBAR method for effective communication and at the end of the service a care plan with Nursing Assistance Systematization - SAE was forwarded to the patient through WhatsApp or e-mail. Conclusion: Teleconsultation platform enabled patient triage, reduced unnecessary visits to emergency units, allowed the evaluation and monitoring of cases, as well as the follow- up of outpatients who do not need face-to-face evaluation.

Objetivo: Desarrollar una plataforma de Teleconsulta virtual para atender casos sospechosos de síndromes gripales e infección por COVID-19. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio aplicado, con desarrollo de producción tecnológica e innovadora, prospectivo, ecológico, descriptivo, con serie de tiempo. La población de estudio estuvo formada por cualquier persona sintomática de síndromes gripales por COVID-19, sospechada o confirmada, de cualquier localidad de Brasil. Este estudio se realizó en dos etapas, a saber: Etapa I: Desarrollo de Aplicaciones para la Plataforma de Teleconsulta. Etapa II: atención mediante teleconsulta de casos sospechosos de COVID-19 y síndromes gripales. La metodología utilizada para el desarrollo de la aplicación propuesta fue el modelado por prototipo evolutivo. Resultados: Se realizaron 209 consultas en la Plataforma de Teleconsulta, 151 (70%) del sexo femenino y 65 (30%) del masculino, con prevalencia de edades entre 20 a 29 años (41%). En cuanto al riesgo de infección por COVID-19, 42 (20%) fueron de alto riesgo, 75 (36%) de riesgo medio y 92 (44%) de bajo riesgo. Los síntomas más prevalentes fueron: secreción nasal o estornudos (53%), dolor de cuerpo (49%), dolor de cabeza (47%), dolor de garganta (46%), tos seca (35%), fiebre (31%), falta de aliento (25%) y diarrea (23%). Inicialmente, la teleasistencia consistía en teleselección con clasificación de riesgo en función de la sintomatología de los pacientes a los que se codificaba con puntuaciones según la gravedad del síntoma para formas graves de COVID-19. La clasificación de riesgo clasificó a los pacientes en riesgo bajo (1 a 9 puntos), riesgo medio (10 a 19 puntos) y riesgo alto (20 a 36 puntos). Luego, se programó la teleconsulta de acuerdo a la disponibilidad del paciente a través del método SBAR para una comunicación efectiva y al final de la atención se remitió al paciente un plan de cuidados con Sistematización de Atención de Enfermería - SAE vía WhatsApp o correo electrónico. Conclusión: La plataforma de teleconsulta posibilitó el triaje de pacientes, redujo las visitas innecesarias a las unidades de emergencia, permitió la evaluación y seguimiento de casos, así como el seguimiento de pacientes ambulatorios que no requieren evaluación presencial.

Doctors for Brazil Program: first results. / Programa Médicos pelo Brasil: primeiros resultados.

Access to medical care is essential to achieve quality primary health care (PHC). In Brazil, access difficulties still persist. The Doctors for Brazil Program (PMpB in Portuguese) aims to expand the offer of medical services in places of difficult provision or high vulnerability. It innovates insofar as it prioritizes smaller and rather isolated cities, by selecting professionals through an isonomic process, offering them training in Family and Community Medicine and a chance to build their first federal medical career in PHC. The program offers competitive salaries, progression and financial incentives that value long-term commitment and performance. The PMpB is rolled out by the Agency for the Development of Primary Health Care (Adaps), which allows better management of public policies. The first nine months of the program showed promising results, as approximately 23,000 candidates seeking to join the program through its selection process, i.e., 97.1% vacancies were filled and retention rate after admittance was 95.4%. These results show to what extent PMpB has improved in quality compared to previous policies, as well as how essential it is to keep implementing the program so that it may reach its full PHC coverage potential within the Brazilian public health system.

O acesso ao cuidado médico é essencial para o alcance da atenção primária à saúde (APS) de qualidade. No Brasil, ainda persistem dificuldades de acesso. O Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMpB) pretende ampliar a oferta de serviços médicos em locais de difícil provimento ou alta vulnerabilidade. Traz como inovações a priorização das menores e mais isoladas cidades; a seleção de profissionais por processo isonômico; a formação em medicina de família e comunidade; e o fato de ser a primeira carreira médica federal na APS, com salários competitivos, progressão e incentivos financeiros que valorizam a longitudinalidade e o desempenho. O PMpB é executado pela Agência para o Desenvolvimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (Adaps), o que permite mais eficiência na gestão da política pública. Os primeiros nove meses do programa mostram resultados promissores, com aproximadamente 23 mil médicos interessados em ingressar no programa por meio de seu processo seletivo, 97,1% de ocupação das vagas e 95,4% de permanência após o ingresso. Tais resultados sinalizam o avanço de qualidade do PMpB em relação às políticas anteriores, bem como a necessidade de continuar com sua implementação, a fim de que ela atinja todo o seu potencial de cobertura na APS do SUS.

Programa Médicos pelo Brasil: primeiros resultados / Doctors for Brazil Program: first results

Resumo O acesso ao cuidado médico é essencial para o alcance da atenção primária à saúde (APS) de qualidade. No Brasil, ainda persistem dificuldades de acesso. O Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMpB) pretende ampliar a oferta de serviços médicos em locais de difícil provimento ou alta vulnerabilidade. Traz como inovações a priorização das menores e mais isoladas cidades; a seleção de profissionais por processo isonômico; a formação em medicina de família e comunidade; e o fato de ser a primeira carreira médica federal na APS, com salários competitivos, progressão e incentivos financeiros que valorizam a longitudinalidade e o desempenho. O PMpB é executado pela Agência para o Desenvolvimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (Adaps), o que permite mais eficiência na gestão da política pública. Os primeiros nove meses do programa mostram resultados promissores, com aproximadamente 23 mil médicos interessados em ingressar no programa por meio de seu processo seletivo, 97,1% de ocupação das vagas e 95,4% de permanência após o ingresso. Tais resultados sinalizam o avanço de qualidade do PMpB em relação às políticas anteriores, bem como a necessidade de continuar com sua implementação, a fim de que ela atinja todo o seu potencial de cobertura na APS do SUS.

Abstract Access to medical care is essential to achieve quality primary health care (PHC). In Brazil, access difficulties still persist. The Doctors for Brazil Program (PMpB in Portuguese) aims to expand the offer of medical services in places of difficult provision or high vulnerability. It innovates insofar as it prioritizes smaller and rather isolated cities, by selecting professionals through an isonomic process, offering them training in Family and Community Medicine and a chance to build their first federal medical career in PHC. The program offers competitive salaries, progression and financial incentives that value long-term commitment and performance. The PMpB is rolled out by the Agency for the Development of Primary Health Care (Adaps), which allows better management of public policies. The first nine months of the program showed promising results, as approximately 23,000 candidates seeking to join the program through its selection process, i.e., 97.1% vacancies were filled and retention rate after admittance was 95.4%. These results show to what extent PMpB has improved in quality compared to previous policies, as well as how essential it is to keep implementing the program so that it may reach its full PHC coverage potential within the Brazilian public health system.

Influence of Apical Patency on the Adaptation of the Master Filling Cone: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Assessment.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate if the apical patency can influence the adaptation of the master cone of gutta-percha, quantifying the volume of voids and areas at the last 2 mm of the working length (WL). Materials and Methods: Sixty distobuccal canals of extracted upper molars were divided into 3 groups (n=20) based on the patency length (A: passed 1 mm beyond the apical foramen (AF), B: at the AF and C: 1 mm short of the AF) with the Easy ProDesign Logic 25/0.01 file. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups (n=10) based on the WL established to prepare the root canal (1: 1 mm short of the AF or 2: at the AF) with the Easy ProDesign Logic 25/0.05 file. After the scan, void volumes were calculated from the last 2 mm of the WL and void areas at 0 mm, 1 mm and 2 mm of the last of WL, as well as the relation between the tip and taper of the master cone with the amount of void volume and areas. To investigate statistically significant differences, we used the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: There were more voids in volume when patency was achieved 1 mm beyond the AF and the root canal preparation was conducted at 1mm short of the AF (A1 group). Furthermore, the same group showed more voids areas, mainly on the last millimeter of WL. Conclusion: Achieving apical patency at 1 mm beyond the AF followed by instrumentation 1 mm short of the AF created more voids between the master gutta-percha cone and the root canal wall, especially on the last millimeter of WL.

The Development of Thematic Core Collections in Cassava Based on Yield, Disease Resistance, and Root Quality Traits.

Thematic collections (TCs), which are composed of genotypes with superior agronomic traits and reduced size, offer valuable opportunities for parental selection in plant breeding programs. Three TCs were created to focus on crucial attributes: root yield (CC_Yield), pest and disease resistance (CC_Disease), and root quality traits (CC_Root_quality). The genotypes were ranked using the best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) method, and a truncated selection was implemented for each collection based on specific traits. The TCs exhibited minimal overlap, with each collection comprising 72 genotypes (CC_Disease), 63 genotypes (CC_Root_quality), and 64 genotypes (CC_Yield), representing 4%, 3.5%, and 3.5% of the total individuals in the entire collection, respectively. The Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index values generally varied but remained below 10% when compared to the entire collection. Most TCs exhibited observed heterozygosity, genetic diversity, and the inbreeding coefficient that closely resembled those of the entire collection, effectively retaining 90.76%, 88.10%, and 88.99% of the alleles present in the entire collection (CC_Disease, CC_Root_quality, and CC_Disease, respectively). A PCA of molecular and agro-morphological data revealed well-distributed and dispersed genotypes, while a discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) displayed a high discrimination capacity among the accessions within each collection. The strategies employed in this study hold significant potential for advancing crop improvement efforts.

Validation of targeted selective treatment (TST) methodology for gastrointestinal parasites of adult sheep in different physiological states.

We aimed to validate a targeted selective treatment (TST) methodology for treating parasitic gastrointestinal infections in ewes in different physiological states using parasitological and hematological parameters. Forty ewes were monitored from December 2021 to June 2022 and evaluated during various physiological stages in their life cycle. Before starting the experiment, a fecal egg count (FEC) reduction test was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the anthelmintic (AH) treatment. Weekly assessments were performed based on the Famacha© (F) system and body condition score (BCS), and ewes were subjected to AH treatment when necessary, with their physiological states recorded. Ewes were treated when they presented F ≥ 3, BCS ≤ 2.0 (when F = 2), or submandibular edema. Parasitological, i.e., FEC, and hematological, i.e., hematocrit (Ht), parameters were evaluated monthly to determine the efficiency of the TST methodology. Comparisons between the mean Ht and FEC values in ewes subjected to AH treatment and untreated ewes were performed using analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's test. Spearman's correlation was performed to determine the correlation between the variables, i.e., F scores, BCS, Ht, and FEC. All tests were performed at a significance level of 5 %. During the experimental period, 1138 evaluations were performed. The main reason for AH treatment was F ≥ 3. Ewes in early pregnancy, lactation and late pregnancy received comparatively more AH treatments than the other physiological states. Ewes in late pregnancy and lactation exhibited lower mean Ht values (23.5 % and 22.9 %) and higher mean FEC values (3269 and 1426) compared with those in early pregnancy (30.2 % and 727 EPG). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in the Ht and FEC values of ewes that presented submandibular edema (P < 0.001) compared with those that did not exhibit submandibular edema. The genus Haemonchus sp. showed a 96.4 % prevalence in coprocultures. A positive correlation existed between F scores and FEC (r = 0.3819) and a negative correlation between F scores and Ht (r = -0.4728). Ewes that needed AH treatment had lower mean Ht values than ewes that did not need the treatment (19.2 % × 29.3 %; P < 0.001) and higher mean FEC values (8747 × 1163; P < 0.001), confirming that these ewes needed AH treatment. The TST methodology based on F scores, BCS, and submandibular edema could effectively identify individuals in the herd needing AH treatment, identifying 13 % additional cases requiring treatment than using only the F score criterion.

Development of cassava core collections based on morphological and agronomic traits and SNPS markers.

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) holds significant importance as one of the world's key starchy crop species. This study aimed to develop core collections by utilizing both phenotypic data (15 quantitative and 33 qualitative descriptors) and genotypic data (20,023 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) obtained from 1,486 cassava accessions. Six core collections were derived through two optimization strategies based on genetic distances: Average accession-to-nearest-entry and Average entry-to-nearest-entry, along with combinations of phenotypic and genotypic data. The quality of the core collections was evaluated by assessing genetic parameters such as genetic diversity Shannon-Weaver Index, inbreeding (Fis), observed (Ho), and expected (Hs) heterozygosity. While the selection of accessions varied among the six core collections, a seventh collection (consolidated collection) was developed, comprising accessions selected by at least two core collections. Most collections exhibited genetic parameters similar to the complete collection, except for those developed by the Average accession-to-nearest-entry algorithm. However, the variations in the maximum and minimum values of Ho, Hs, and Fis parameters closely resembled the complete collection. The consolidated collection and the collection constructed using genotypic data and the Average entry-to-nearest-entry algorithm (GenEN) retained the highest number of alleles (>97%). Although the differences were not statistically significant (above 5%), the consolidated collection demonstrated a distribution profile and mean trait values most similar to the complete collection, with a few exceptions. The Shannon-Weaver Index of qualitative traits exhibited variations exceeding ±10% when compared to the complete collection. Principal component analysis revealed that the consolidated collection selected cassava accessions with a more uniform dispersion in all four quadrants compared to the other core collections. These findings highlight the development of optimized and valuable core collections for efficient breeding programs and genomic association studies.

Survival Rate of Dental Implants in the Cleft Area: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate of osseointegrated implants installed in the cleft area. An extensive data survey was conducted using the medical records of individuals who had implants installed in the cleft area between 1999 and 2020. The variables assessed were age, sex, implant follow-up time, implantation procedures, and rehabilitation with implant-supported prostheses. Data were analyzed in terms of implant survival time, correlating with the factors: age, sex, execution, or no-execution of bone regrafting, the time interval between secondary alveolar bone grafting and regrafting, the time interval between regrafting and implant installation, and the time interval between implant installation and provisional and definitive prosthesis. Data were analyzed with respect to implant survival. χ 2 and Student t tests were used with a 5% significance level. A total of 1295 medical records were analyzed, of which 688 reported implants in cleft areas (56.1% in females, 43.9% in males) with a success rate of 92.73% and a mean follow-up time of 53.2 (±45.0) months. There were no statistically significant differences in the correlation between the survival rate and sex ( P = 0.895, χ 2 test), between the implant survival rate and regrafted area ( P = 0.904, χ 2 test), or between the survival rate and patient age ( P = 0.246, Student t test). The survival rate of implants in the cleft area was 92.73%. Age, sex, and the need for regrafting did not influence the survival rate of implants installed in the cleft area. Clinical studies that evaluate the survival rate of implants installed in patients with cleft maxilla are of great relevance to the dental field.

The moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity: A study with gym users.

In a cross-sectional study of gymnasium users (both sexes, ages = 41.9 ± 14.8 years), we examined the moderating role of macronutrient intake in relation to body composition and genotoxicity. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate characteristics of the participants. To assess macronutrient consumption, we used 24-h food recalls on three non-consecutive days. Body composition (body fat percentage and muscle mass) was evaluated with a bioimpedance scale. Genotoxicity was assessed with the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Multiple linear regression models were applied, adjusting for age; sex; tobacco and alcohol consumption; and (with regard to exercise habits) frequency, training time, intensity, and types. Micronucleus frequency was directly associated with body fat and inversely associated with muscle mass. Our study shows that carbohydrate and fat intakes affect body fat percentage and micronucleus frequency in gymnasium users.

Photobiomodulation and Inorganic Bovine Bone in Guided Bone Regeneration: Histomorphometric Analysis in Rats.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation in the bone regeneration of critical-sized defects (CSD) filled with inorganic bovine bone associated or not with collagen membranes. The study has been conducted on 40 critical defects in the calvaria of male rats, divided into four experimental groups (n = 10): (1) DBBM (deproteinized bovine bone mineral); (2) GBR (DBBM+collagen membrane); (3) DBBM+P (DBBM+photobiomodulation); and (4) GBR+P (GBR+photobiomodulation). At 30 days postoperative, the animals were euthanized, and after the tissue had been processed, histological, histometric, and statistical analyses were performed. The analyses have taken into account newly formed bone area (NBA), linear bone extension (LBE), and residual particle area (RPA) as variables. The Kruskal-Wallis test has been performed, followed by the Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner test for comparison between groups (p < 0.05). When the DBBM+P group was compared to the DBBM group, it was possible to observe significant statistical differences in all the variables analyzed (p < 0.05). The application of photobiomodulation in guided bone regeneration (GBR+P) has shown a decrease in the median value for the RPA variable (26.8) when compared to the GBR group (32.4), with a significant statistical difference; however, for NBA and LBE, the therapy has not provided significant results.

Relationship between boldness and exploratory behavior in adult zebrafish.

Behavioral responses vary between individuals and may be repeated in different contexts over time. When a behavioral response set is linked and present regardless of the context, it characterizes a behavioral syndrome. By evaluating how bold and shy (profiles related to risk-taking) individuals perform about exploration and anxiety, we can predict relationships of behavioral syndromes and better understand how different axis of personality is formed. Here we classified the profiles by risk-taking and evaluated their exploration behavior in the open field test. In this context, the two groups showed significant differences in thigmotaxis behavior: bold individuals habituate faster and show decreased thigmotaxis (less anxiety), while shy ones are less prone to leave the security of the side areas of the open tank and present higher anxiety. We emphasized the importance of further investigating the behavior of these profiles in other contexts and the importance of each one for the evolution and fitness of the species, in addition to a better understanding of which behaviors are involved in the behavioral syndromes in zebrafish.

Psychometric Properties of Food Frequency Questionnaires Used in Dentistry: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the quality of the food frequency instruments/scales used in dentistry while considering their psychometric properties. The databases consulted were PubMed (August 7, 2020), Scopus (August 27, 2020), Web of Science (August 27, 2020), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (via EBSCO) (August 28, 2020), LILACS and BBO (August 25, 2020), gray literature: Proquest (October 1, 2020), Capes Theses Bank (October 1, 2020), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (October 1, 2020), Google Scholar (October 2, 2020), and proceedings of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR) (October 10, 2020). All databases were updated on December 12, 2022. Articles were initially selected by reading the 6,421 titles and 13 abstracts selected, followed by reading the 8 articles included for full text reading to confirm the eligibility criteria, with the aid of Rayyan software. Databases of the construction and/or validation of instruments/scales for assessing food consumption for use in dentistry (in clinical contexts and/or epidemiological studies), with or without assessment of their psychometric properties, were included. Review studies, letters to editors, and research protocols were excluded. Risk of bias assessment was performed according to the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. The extracted data were author, country, instrument language, sample, assessment instrument, instrument structure, type of food, instruments compared with the clinical condition, adaptation of an existing instrument, and psychometric properties evaluated. The selection, risk of bias analysis, and data extraction processes were performed by two independent evaluators. Seven studies were identified. The instruments available in the literature were in English, Japanese, Creole, and Malay. Only one study performed translation and cross-cultural validation of an instrument, whereas the others were construction studies. One study did not assess psychometric properties. Regarding the quality assessment and general classification of the studies by the COSMIN checklist, all were considered "inadequate," with reliability (test-retest) being the most validated psychometric property; only one study carried out the validation of all psychometric properties measured in COSMIN. Regarding the quality of the instruments presented, all the studies were classified as "inadequate" in the general assessment. Advances are needed in the validation process.

Doctors for Brazil Program: first results / Programa Médicos pelo Brasil: primeiros resultados

Access to medical care is essential for achieving quality Primary Health Care (PHC). In Brazil, access difficulties persist. The Doctors for Brazil Program (PMpB in Portuguese) intends to expand the offer of medical services in places of difficult provision or high vulnerability. It brings as innovations the prioritization of smaller and more isolated cities; the selection of professionals through an isonomic process; training in Family Practice and; the first federal medical career in the PHC, with competitive salaries, progression and financial incentives that value longitudinality and performance. The PMpB is executed by the Agency for the Development of Primary Health Care (Adaps), which allows for more efficient management. The first nine months of the program show promising results, with approximately 23,000 physicians interested in joining the program through its selection process, 97,1% of occupying vacancies and 95,4% of retention. Such results indicate an improvement in the quality of the PMpB in relation to previous policies, as well as the need to continue with its implementation, so that it reaches its full potential of coverage in the PHC of the public health system.

O acesso ao cuidado médico é essencial para o alcance da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de qualidade. No Brasil, ainda persistem dificuldades de acesso. O Programa Médicos pelo Brasil (PMpB) pretende ampliar a oferta de serviços médicos em locais de difícil provimento ou alta vulnerabilidade. Ele traz como inovações a priorização das menores e mais isoladas cidades; a seleção de profissionais por processo isonômico; a formação em Medicina de Família e Comunidade e; a primeira carreira médica federal na APS, com salários competitivos, progressão e incentivos financeiros que valorizam a longitudinalidade e o desempenho. O PMpB é executado pela Agência para o Desenvolvimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde (Adaps), o que permite mais eficiência na gestão da política pública. Os primeiros nove meses do programa mostram resultados promissores, com aproximadamente 23 mil médicos interessados em ingressar no programa através de seu processo seletivo, 97,1% de ocupação das vagas e 95,4 % de permanência após o ingresso. Tais resultados sinalizam o avanço de qualidade do PMpB em relação às políticas anteriores, bem como a necessidade de continuar com sua implementação, a fim de que ela atinja todo o seu potencial de cobertura na APS do SUS.

Sensitive Zika biomarker detection assisted by quantum dot-modified electrochemical immunosensing platform.

We report the development of a new nanostructured electrochemical immunosensing platform for the detection of the Zika virus envelope protein (EP-ZIKV). For this, quantum dots (QDs) were explored in combination with screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) functionalized with a conductor polymeric film, formed from 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethanamine (Pyam), and anti-EP DIII ZIKV antibodies. Carboxylated CdTe QDs were synthesized, characterized by optical and structural techniques, and covalently immobilized onto the SPCE/PPyam surface. Then, anti-EP ZIKV antibodies were also covalently conjugated to QDs. All stages of platform assembly were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The detection of EP-ZIKV was performed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Results indicated that QDs were efficiently immobilized, and did not show oxidation, under the conditions evaluated, for at least 7 months. Anti-EP ZIKV antibodies were effectively immobilized on the PPyam/QDs surface, even after 2 months of electrode storage. The platform enabled the detection of EP-ZIKV with high sensitivity using minimal sample volumes (LOD = 0.1 ng mL-1 and LOQ = 0.4 ng mL-1). The platform was also able to detect EP-ZIKV in spiked serum samples. Moreover, the platform showed specificity, not detecting the EP-DENV 3 nor a mixture of four DENV serotypes antigens. Thus, the proposed combination favored the development of a sensitive immunosensing platform, promising for the detection of Zika in the viremic phase, which also holds potential for transposition to other arboviruses.

Cobertura vacinal: uma análise comparativa entre os estados da região nordeste do Brasil com ênfase no estado do Maranhão / Vaccination coverage: a comparative analysis between the states of the northeast region of Brazil with emphasis on the state of Maranhão / Cobertura de vacunación: un análisis comparativo entre los estados de la región nordeste de Brasil con énfasis en el estado de Maranhão

Introdução: Devido à escassez de pesquisas voltadas para a situação da cobertura vacinal no Nordeste, sobretudo no Maranhão, apresenta-se a necessidade de realizar uma análise comparativa entre os estados da região nordeste do Brasil. Objetivo: Analisar a cobertura vacinal entre os estados na Região Nordeste do Brasil entre 2017 a 2021, por meio da análise de dados secundários provenientes de sistemas de informação em saúde. Metodologia: trata-se de estudo ecológico de série temporal, com uso de dados secundários provenientes de sistemas de informação em saúde. Foi realizado por meio da coleta de dados disponibilizados pelo TABNET do Departamento de Informação e Informática do SUS (DATASUS), referentes ao período entre 2017 e 2021, nos estados da Região Nordeste do Brasil. Resultados: No período de 2017 a 2021 a cobertura vacinal na Região Nordeste do Brasil foi de 64,48%, sendo uma das piores do país, perdendo apenas para Região Norte (63,30%). Cabe salientar que a média no país em todo o período analisado foi de 68,57%, estando bem abaixo do ideal (entorno de 90% a 95% a depender do imunizante). E entre os anos de 2019 a 2020 houve um declínio de 12,05% e em 2021 14,87% da cobertura vacinal na região nordeste do país. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu realizar uma análise comparativa entre os estados da região nordeste do Brasil com ênfase no estado do maranhão quanto à cobertura vacinal, onde foi observado que, o estado do Maranhão apresenta umas das menores taxas de vacinação em comparação com outros estados da região nordeste.

Introduction: Due to the lack of research focused on the situation of vaccination coverage in the Northeast, especially in Maranhão, there is a need to carry out a comparative analysis between the states of the northeast region of Brazil. Objective: To analyze vaccination coverage among states in the Northeast Region of Brazil between 2017 and 2021, through the analysis of secondary data from health information systems. Methodology: this is an ecological time series study, using secondary data from health information systems. It was carried out by collecting data provided by the TABNET of the Department of Information and Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS), referring to the period between 2017 and 2021, in the states of the Northeast Region of Brazil. Results: In the period from 2017 to 2021, vaccination coverage in the Northeast Region of Brazil was 64.48%, being one of the worst in the country, second only to the North Region (63.30%). It should be noted that the average in the country throughout the analyzed period was 68.57%, well below the ideal (around 90% to 95% depending on the immunizer). And between the years 2019 to 2020 there was a decline of 12.05% and in 2021 14.87% of vaccination coverage in the northeast region of the country. Conclusion: This study made it possible to carry out a comparative analysis between the states of the northeast region of Brazil, with emphasis on the state of maranhão regarding vaccination coverage, where it was observed that the state of Maranhão has one of the lowest vaccination rates compared to other states in the region. northeast region.

Introducción: Debido a la falta de investigaciones centradas en la situación de las coberturas de vacunación en el Nordeste, especialmente en Maranhão, surge la necesidad de realizar un análisis comparativo entre los estados de la región Nordeste de Brasil. Objetivo: Analizar las coberturas de vacunación entre los estados de la Región Nordeste de Brasil entre 2017 y 2021, a través del análisis de datos secundarios de los sistemas de información en salud. Metodología: se trata de un estudio de series temporales ecológicas, utilizando datos secundarios de los sistemas de información en salud. Fue realizado a partir de la recopilación de datos facilitados por el TABNET del Departamento de Información e Informática del SUS (DATASUS), referentes al período comprendido entre 2017 y 2021, en los estados de la Región Nordeste de Brasil. Resultados: En el período de 2017 a 2021, la cobertura de vacunación en la Región Nordeste de Brasil fue del 64,48%, siendo una de las peores del país, superada solo por la Región Norte (63,30%). Cabe señalar que el promedio en el país durante todo el período analizado fue de 68,57%, muy por debajo del ideal (alrededor de 90% a 95% dependiendo del inmunizador). Y entre los años 2019 a 2020 hubo un descenso de 12,05% y en 2021 de 14,87% de las coberturas de vacunación en la región nororiental del país. región nordeste. PALABRAS CLAVE: Cobertura de Vacunación; Vacunas; Enfermedades Prevenibles por Vacunas.