ABSTRACT
This study aimed to verify the action of bioactive compounds from Brazilian plants on the leader genes involved in the SARS-CoV-2 pathway. The main human genes involved were identified in GeneCards and UNIPROT platforms, and an interaction network between leader genes was established in the STRING database. To design chemo-biology interactome networks and elucidate the interplay between genes related to the disease and bioactive plant compounds, the metasearch engine STITCH 3.1 was used. The analysis revealed that SMAD3 and CASP3 genes are leader genes, suggesting that the mechanism of action of the virus on host cells is associated with the molecular effects of these genes. Furthermore, the bioactive plant compounds, such as ascorbate, benzoquinone, ellagic acid, and resveratrol was identified as a promising adjuvant for the treatment inhibiting CASP3-mediated apoptosis. Bioactive plant compounds were verified as the main pathways enriched with KEGG and related to viral infection, assessments/immune/infections, and cell proliferation, which are potentially used for respiratory viral infections. The best-ranked molecule docked in the CASP3 binding site was rutin, while the SMAD3 binding site was resveratrol. In conclusion, this work identified several bioactive compounds from Brazilian plants showing potential antiviral functions that can directly or indirectly inhibit the new coronavirus.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Drug Treatment , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , Computational Biology , Caspase 3 , Resveratrol/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to evaluate and standardize the ToBI test in vitro as a substitute for the serum neutralization test in mice for quality control of clostridial vaccines. The ToBI test in vitro was used to evaluate 40 serum samples of known antibody content, obtained from rabbits immunized against clostridiosis with experimental vaccine. The correlation between epsilon antitoxin titers in rabbit sera, determined by the ToBI test and serum neutralization in mice, ranged from 0.222% to 0.452% in polyvalent vaccines and from 0.154% to 0.387% in monovalent vaccines. Interplate coefficients of variation were not significant, reaching 0.350% in polyvalent vaccines and 0.400% in monovalent vaccines, indicating high homogeneity. In conclusion, the ToBI test in vitro is suitable for assessing the potency of clostridial vaccines and may be used as an alternative method able to replace current in vivo tests.
Subject(s)
Antitoxins/blood , Bacterial Toxins/antagonists & inhibitors , Clostridium perfringens/immunology , Serologic Tests/methods , Animals , Bacterial Toxins/immunology , Bacterial Vaccines/immunology , Bacterial Vaccines/standards , Clostridium Infections/diagnosis , Clostridium Infections/immunology , Clostridium Infections/prevention & control , Enterotoxemia/diagnosis , Enterotoxemia/immunology , Enterotoxemia/prevention & control , Immunization , In Vitro Techniques , Mice , Neutralization Tests/methods , Quality Control , Rabbits , Serologic Tests/standardsABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to evaluate and standardize the ToBI test in vitro as a substitute for the serum neutralization test in mice for quality control of clostridial vaccines. The ToBI test in vitro was used to evaluate 40 serum samples of known antibody content, obtained from rabbits immunized against clostridiosis with experimental vaccine. The correlation between epsilon antitoxin titers in rabbit sera, determined by the ToBI test and serum neutralization in mice, ranged from 0.222% to 0.452% in polyvalent vaccines and from 0.154% to 0.387% in monovalent vaccines. Interplate coefficients of variation were not significant, reaching 0.350% in polyvalent vaccines and 0.400% in monovalent vaccines, indicating high homogeneity. In conclusion, the ToBI test in vitro is suitable for assessing the potency of clostridial vaccines and may be used as an alternative method able to replace current in vivo tests.
