ABSTRACT
Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites known to play crucial roles in important chemical reactions impacting the mouthfeel, colour and ageing potential of red wine. Their complexity has resulted in a number of advanced analytical methods, which often prevent routine phenolic analysis in winemaking. Fluorescence spectroscopy could be an alternative to current spectrophotometric techniques and its combination with chemometrics was investigated for its suitability in directly quantifying phenolic content of unaltered red wine and fermenting samples. Front-face fluorescence was optimised and used to build predictive models for total phenols, total condensed tannins, total anthocyanins, colour density and polymeric pigments. Machine learning algorithms were used for model development. The most successful models were built for total phenols, total condensed tannins and total anthocyanins with coefficient of determination (R2cal) and RMSECV of 0.81, 0.89, 0.80 and 5.71, 104.03 mg/L, 60.67 mg/L, respectively. The validation results showed R2val values of 0.77, 0.8 and 0.77, and RMSEP values of 7.6, 172.37 mg/L and 76.57 mg/L, respectively. A novel approach for the classification of South African red wine cultivars based on unique fluorescent fingerprints was also successful with an overall cross validation score of 0.8. The best classification ability (validation score = 0.93) was shown for the data set containing only fermenting wines for the most widely represented cultivars (>20 samples). This approach may provide a useful tool for authentication and quality control by regulatory bodies.
Subject(s)
Proanthocyanidins , Wine , Anthocyanins/analysis , Phenols/analysis , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Wine/analysisABSTRACT
Este Fascículo tiene como finalidad el poder analizar una alternativa metodológica no hegemónica, en el contexto de un proyecto político de transformación de los servicios de salud. Dicha alternativa metodológica parte del supuesto de que tal proceso debe ser perfilado a partir de la realidad de las prácticas concretas de salud, teniendo en cuenta los factores determinantes y limitantes y buscando la interacción con las exigencias del trabajo; de esta manera, se rompe con la artificialidad de las prácticas vigentes, en las cuales una amplia gama de situaciones creadas en otras esferas se impone en la práctica cotidiana de los trabajadores de salud
Subject(s)
Education, Continuing , Health Education , Staff DevelopmentABSTRACT
Apresenta a situação dos recursos humanos em saúde nos últimos anos. Aponta as necessidades destes recursos frente às características da Reforma Sanitária a ser implantada no país com ênfase na enfermagem e, por último apresenta alguns mecanismos que facilitaram a profissionalização do pessoal de enfermagem sem qualificação específica.
It presents the situation of health human Resources in the last years. It indicates the necessity of these Resources related to the characteristics of Sanitary Reform to be implanted in the country, writh emphasis on Nursing. At last, it presents some mechanivin that will facilitate the professionalization of Nursing personnel without specific qualification.
ABSTRACT
Este trabajo presenta la experiencia del Programa de Preparacion Estrategica del personal de Salud en Brasil entre los anos de 1976-1978. Describe sus caracteristicas y objetivos y estrategias generales, modalidades operacionales adoptadas y los resultados obtenidos. Hace una evaluacion del conocimiento adquirido sobre el roceso de desarrollo de los recursos humanos de salud , y los aspectos politicos y sociales, abordando finalmente algunas perspectivas para para ser aplicadas en el periodo siguiente.
