Métodos de incorporação da enzima fitase em rações para poedeiras / Methods of incorporation of the enzyme phytase in diets for laying hens

Objetivou-se com o estudo avaliar duas metodologias de incorporação da enzima fitase comparando-as a uma dieta basal e ao método de aumentar a suplementação de Fósforo inorgânico na dieta, em busca de uma forma mais eficaz de atenuar o fator antinutricional ácido fítico. Foram observadas características de desempenho de poedeiras Isa Brown, durante 63 dias de período experimental. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições de seis aves. As aves foram submetidas aos tratamentos (dietas): dieta basal (DB), dieta com farelo de arroz desengordurado tratado com fitase (FADFI), método tradicional de incorporação de fitase na dieta sem tratamento prévio do farelo de arroz desengordurado com fitase (MTFI) e dieta com farelo de arroz desengordurado e sem fitase (SEMFI). Os métodos de incorporação da fitase nas rações não influenciaram significativamente (P>0,05) o desempenho das aves, ambos equivalendo-se à dieta basal. O tratamento prévio do farelo de arroz desengordurado com fitase a nível de 300 FTU kg-1 é eficiente, ou seja, tratar somente um ingrediente da dieta com fitase permite incoporar uma quantidade menor de fitase, mantendo bom desempenho. Portanto, os métodos que envolveram fitase, independentemente da metodologia de incorporação, são indicados na alimentação de poedeiras.

The objective of the study to evaluate two methods of incorporation of the enzyme phytase by comparing them to a basal diet and the method of increasing the supplementation of inorganic phosphorus in the diet, in search of a more effective way to mitigate the anti-nutritional factor phytic acid. Were observed performance characteristics of Isa Brown hens for 63 days trial period. The experimental design was completely randomized design with four treatments and five replicates of six birds. The birds received the treatments (diets): basal diet (BD), diet with defatted rice bran treated with phytase (DRBF), the traditional method of incorporation of dietary phytase untreated defatted rice bran phytase (MTF) and diet with defatted rice bran and without phytase (DRB). The methods of incorporating phytase in the diets did not significantly (P>0.05) broiler performance, both equivalent to the basal diet. The treatment of DRBF with phytase at 300 FTU kg-1 is effective, ie, treating only one ingredient of the diet with phytase onboard allows a smaller amount of phytase, while maintaining good performance. Therefore, methods involving phytase, regardless of method of incorporation, are indicated in the diet of laying hens.

Diphenyl diselenide induces anxiolytic-like and sedative effects on the chick social separation-stress behavior.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)(2)] on the chick social separation-stress behavior. Male chicks (six day-old) received, per oral route, a single administration of (PhSe)(2) at doses of 1, 10 and 50mg/kg. Thirty minutes after treatment, chicks were submitted to the behavioral tests. The behavioral tests: number of separation-induced distress vocalizations and jumps, time of active wakefulness, time of standing/sitting motionless with eyes open, time of standing motionless with eyes closed and time of sleeping posture, during 10 min, were recorded. (PhSe)(2) at doses of 10 and 50mg/kg reduced the number of vocalizations and jumps and the time of active wakefulness and increased the time of standing/sitting motionless with eyes open of chicks. The sleeping posture time was increased in animals treated with (PhSe)(2) at the dose of 50mg/kg. In conclusion, treatment with (PhSe)(2), in a dose dependent-manner, caused anxiolytic-like and sedative effects in chicks.

Atividade antibacteriana, antioxidante e tanante de subprodutos da uva / Antibacterial, antioxidant and tanning activity of grape by-product

O objetivo neste trabalho foi determinar-se in vitro a atividade antibacteriana, antioxidante e tanante de subprodutos da uva (Vitis vinifera) para seu aproveitamento como ingredientes alternativos na indústria avícola e na conservação de alimentos. Compostos polares foram extraídos da semente de uva desengordurada, em solução contendo acetona, água e ácido acético, resultando em 10,3 por cento de rendimento de extrato de semente de uva desengordurada (ESUD). O ESUD apresentou alta atividade antibacteriana in vitro contra cepas de S. aureus e E. coli, mas não contra cepas de Salmonella sp. A atividade antioxidante do ESUD foi comparável ao ácido ascórbico. A atividade tanante foi considerada baixa para a semente de uva e alta para o ESUD.

The aim of this research was to determine in vitro the antibacterial, antioxidant and tanning activity from grape by-products (Vitis vinifera), for its use as alternative ingredients in the poultry industry and food conservation. Polar compound had been extracted of the defatted grape seed (SUD) in a solution with acetone, water and acetic acid, in the 90: 9.5: 0.5 ratio respectively, resulting in a yield of 10.3 percent of defatted grape seed extract (ESUD). ESUD has high antibacterial activity against strains of S. aureus and E. coli, but not against Salmonella sp. The antioxidant activities of the ESUD had comparable to the ascorbic acid. The capacity to bind proteins was considered low for the seed and high for the ESUD.