[First- and second-line hospital management of ophthalmologic emergencies: Clinical pathway study of 1360 patients]. / Prise en charge des urgences ophtalmologiques en premier et second recours hospitaliers : analyse du parcours de 1360 patients.

The general practitioner (GP) might offer a good alternative for the management of certain ophthalmologic emergencies in his or her practice, given the increasing demand for ophthalmological care and difficulties with access to ophthalmologists. The main objective of the study was to describe ophthalmological complaints and their management in general emergency departments compared to ophthalmological emergency departments in order to assess which pathologies can be treated by the GP. This was a single-center retrospective study at the University Hospital of Reims, based on consultation data from the general and ophthalmological emergency departments for all adult patients presenting for an ophthalmological problem in September 2019 and September 2020. Consultations where patients were brought back following a first emergency consultation and consultations for another non-ophthalmological reason were excluded. Out of 1360 consultations recorded, 16% of patients had initially consulted their GP. The 4 most frequent diagnoses were: "ocular trauma," "conjunctivitis," "eye pain" and "visual impairment." A prescription for medication was issued in 77% of cases, 37% of which were for antibiotics. Only 29% of consultations carried out in general emergency departments led to a request for a complementary ophthalmology consultation. The GP might therefore be able to manage certain ophthalmological emergencies in his or her practice as a first line and refer certain ophthalmologic emergencies. However, the training of GPs in this specialty must be reinforced in collaboration with ophthalmologists.

Asthma app use and interest among patients with asthma: a multicenter study

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Estudio transversal sobre la repercusión de la información educativa en los hábitos de fotoprotección tópica en estudiantes de medicina / A cross-sectional study of the impact of educational information on topical photoprotection habits in medical students

Objetivos: El cáncer cutáneo (melanoma y no melanoma) es el tumor más frecuente del ser humano, siendo el melanoma el más agresivo. Dado que la exposición a la radiación ultravioleta (UV) es el único factor etiológico modificable, la fotoprotección es una medida preventiva primordial. Con estos fundamentos, se realizó una investigación cuyo objetivo principal fue comparar tres grupos poblacionales con distintos niveles de conocimiento sobre fotoprotección para conocer si existen diferencias en hábitos de exposición solar y grado de concienciación de los efectos perjudiciales del sol sobre la piel. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal realizado mediante una encuesta entre octubre y diciembre de 2015 a 317 universitarios españoles con edades entre 18 y 25años. Se emplearon medidas estadísticas descriptivas y el test de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Se realizaron seis preguntas para evaluar los hábitos de exposición solar. Se detectaron diferencias significativas en dos de ellas: autoexamen periódico de lunares (p<0,001) y empleo de factor de protección adecuado (p=0,025). Respecto al nivel de conocimientos, se realizaron cinco preguntas, encontrándose diferencias en todos los casos (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Tener más conocimientos sobre los riesgos de la exposición solar solo mejoró dos de los seis hábitos cuestionados sobre exposición solar. Probablemente existen otros factores que influyen en esta conducta, como los factores estéticos o socioculturales. La prevención temprana del cáncer de piel es fundamental, y es necesario establecer programas de promoción de la salud que tengan en cuenta estos otros condicionantes

Objectives: Skin cancer (melanoma and non-melanoma) is the most common cancer in humans, with melanoma being the most aggressive. Due to the fact that ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the only adjustable aetiological factor, UV protection is the essential preventive measure. Based on these grounds, a study was conducted in order to compare three population groups with different levels of knowledge about UV protection, as well as to determine any differences in sun exposure habits, and the level of awareness of the damaging effects of the sun on the skin. Materials and methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire survey of 317 Spanish university students aged 18-25years old, between October and December 2015. Descriptive statistics methods and Pearson's Chi-squared were used. Results: Six questions were used to evaluate the sun exposure habits. Significant differences were detected in two of them: mole self-assessment (P<.001) and the use of an appropriate sun protection factor (P=.025). Five questions were asked concerning the level of knowledge about UV protection, with differences (P<.001) being found in all cases. Conclusions: Despite having more knowledge about the risks of sun exposure in the medical dermatology students group, only two of the six habits questioned were improved. Other factors that could be involved are the aesthetic or sociocultural factors. The early prevention of skin cancer is essential, with health promotion programs needing to be established that take into account all these conditions

Demencia frontotemporal: a propósito de un caso / Frontotemporal dementia: review of one case

El hecho de que determinadas demencias puedan presentarse inicialmente como trastornos de conducta, afectivos o de personalidad y no como alteraciones cognitivas, cobra especial interés tanto para los profesionales de Atención Primaria como de Especializada, interés que obedece a la frecuencia con que se presentan en la consulta y donde se catalogan como auténticos cuadros psiquiátricos funcionales y no como trastornos neuropsiquiátricos de origen orgánico. A continuación presentamos un caso clínico de demencia frontotemporal (DFT) donde destaca la polimorfa y florida clínica psicopatológica y las dificultades que entraña su diagnóstico correcto, poniendo una vez más en evidencia los estrechos límites que separan la patología orgánica de la psíquica (AU)

[Distribution of anemia among preschool children from the semi-arid region of Bahia] / Distribuição da anemia em pré-escolares do semi-árido da Bahia.

The objective of this survey was to determine the prevalence of anemia and potential determinants thereof in 754 children from urban areas of seven small towns in the semi-arid region of Bahia. Hemoglobin was measured in 745 children 1 to 72 months of age. For the 6-to-72 month-old group, hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dl was considered anemia (following WHO recommendations) whereas <9.5 g/dl was considered severe anemia. The same cutoffs were used for children under 6 months, which are the same ones used in clinical-hematology. A mean hemoglobin of 12.1 g/dl was found, distributed differently according to age groups (p=0.001). The study found prevalences of 22.2 % for anemia and 5.8% for severe anemia, respectively. Occurrence of anemia varied significantly with age (p=0.001); the highest prevalence was 50.0% in children 12 to 23 months of age, followed by 29.9% in children below 12 months. The association of anemia with mother's education (controlled for age) and per capita family income was not statistically significant.