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1.
J Nutr Biochem ; 34: 99-105, 2016 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27261536

ABSTRACT

Butyrate is a 4-carbon fatty acid that has antiinflammatory and antioxidative properties. It has been demonstrated that butyrate is able to reduce atherosclerotic development in animal models by reducing inflammatory factors. However, the contribution of its antioxidative effects of butyrate on atherogenesis has not yet been studied. We investigated the influence of butyrate on oxidative status, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release and oxidative enzymes (NADPH oxidase and iNOS) in atherosclerotic lesions of ApoE(-/-) mice and in oxLDL-stimulated peritoneal macrophages and endothelial cells (EA.hy926). The lesion area in aorta was reduced while in the aortic valve, although lesion area was unaltered, superoxide production and protein nitrosylation were reduced in butyrate-supplemented mice. Peritoneal macrophages from the butyrate group presented a lower free radical release after zymosan stimulus. When endothelial cells were pretreated with butyrate before oxLDL stimulus, the CCL-2 and superoxide ion productions and NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox were reduced. In macrophage cultures, in addition to a reduction in ROS release, nitric oxide and iNOS expression were down-regulated. The data suggest that one mechanism related to the effect of butyrate on atherosclerotic development is the reduction of oxidative stress in the lesion site. The reduction of oxidative stress related to NADPH oxidase and iNOS expression levels associated to butyrate supplementation attenuates endothelium dysfunction and macrophage migration and activation in the lesion site.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Butyric Acid/therapeutic use , Dietary Supplements , Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism , NADPH Oxidases/antagonists & inhibitors , Oxidative Stress , Animals , Atherosclerosis/immunology , Atherosclerosis/metabolism , Atherosclerosis/pathology , Biomarkers/blood , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Endothelium, Vascular/immunology , Endothelium, Vascular/pathology , Enzyme Repression , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/immunology , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Humans , Lipoproteins, LDL/adverse effects , Macrophage Activation , Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology , Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism , Macrophages, Peritoneal/pathology , Male , Mice, Knockout , NADPH Oxidases/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/antagonists & inhibitors , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
2.
Braspen J ; 31(3): 245-251, jul.-set. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831489

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Com o crescimento da população idosa, aumenta-se a procura por Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs). O envelhecimento é um processo inevitável, acompanhado por alterações fisiológicas, como a perda do tônus do trato gastrointestinal, levando à constipação intestinal. A constipação intestinal é uma condição frequente, sendo a queixa digestiva mais comum na população idosa e pode ser decorrente da baixa ingestão de fibras, líquidos, uso de medicamentos, cirurgias prévias e sedentarismo. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de constipação intestinal, oferta de fibras alimentares e ingestão hídrica em idosos de uma ILPI da cidade de Sete Lagoas, MG. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 62 idosos residentes em uma ILPI em Sete Lagoas. Todos os participantes responderam um questionário para avaliação do estilo de vida, condições clínicas, sociodemográficas e do Índice de Roma III. Resultados: Dentre os idosos, 36 (58%) eram do sexo feminino. A constipação foi presente em 22 (35,5%) idosos, com maior predominância entre as mulheres (83,4%). Os sintomas mais relatados foram sensação de evacuação incompleta e sensação de obstrução ou bloqueio anorretal. A ingestão hídrica foi inferior ao recomendado. A ingestão de fibras pelas mulheres estava adequada, mas entre os homens foi abaixo do recomendado. Conclusões: Os dados sugerem elevada preva- lência de constipação entre idosos institucionalizados, especialmente entre mulheres, e baixa ingestão hídrica, sugerindo a necessidade de mais estudos com esse público e desenvolvimento de um instrumento para melhor acompanhamento dos idosos institucionalizados visando à maior qualidade de vida e saúde.(AU)


Introduction: With the growth of the elderly population, the demand for Homes For The Aged (HFTA) grows too. Aging is an inevitable process, accompanied by physiological changes such as loss of the tone of the gastrointestinal tract, causing constipation. This is a frequent condition, and is one of the most common digestive problems that elderly people have. This condition occurs due to the low ingestion of fibers, liquids, the use of drugs, previous surgeries and sedentary life. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of intestinal constipation, the supply of fibers and water intake by elderly people in a HFTA in the city of Sete Lagoas, MG. Methods: Transversal study, done with 62 elderly living in the HFTA in Sete Lagoas. All of the participants answered a questionnaire for a life style evaluation, clinical and sociodemographic conditions and the level of Roma III. Results: Among the elderly, 36 (58%) were women. Constipation was present in 22 (35.5%) of the elderly, predominantly in the women (83.4%). The most common symptoms were sensation of incomplete evacuation and sensation of anorectal obstruction or blockage. The ingestion of water was lower than recommended. The ingestion of fibers by women was adequate, but among men was lower than recommended. Conclusions: The data shows an elevated prevalence of constipation between institutionalized elderly, especially the women and low ingestion of water, suggesting the need for more studies with this population and the development of an instrument to improve to accompany the institutionalized elderly aiming at higher life quality and health.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Dietary Fiber , Constipation/epidemiology , Homes for the Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Life Style , Nursing Homes
3.
Hig. aliment ; 25(194/195): 148-152, mar.-abr. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-607082

ABSTRACT

A alface (Lactuca sativa) é a hortaliça folhosa mais comercializada no Brasil. Seu baixo valor calórico e alto teor nutritivo qualificam este alimento para diversos tipos de dietas. Seu consumo sob a forma crua possibilita a ocorrência de enfermidades intestinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica das alfaces de cultivo tradicional e variedade crespa, comercializada em diferentes regiões da cidade de Pará de Minas-MG. Dentre as amostras analisadas, 20% apresentaram baixos padrões higiênico-sanitários, evidenciados pela presença de coliformes termotolerantes. Não foi identificada presença de Salmonella sp. em nenhuma das amostras. Diante disso, a Vigilância Sanitária do município deveria intensificar a fiscalização da qualidade das hortaliças comercializadas no mercado local e ainda incentivar ações educativas.


Subject(s)
Lactuca/microbiology , Food Contamination , Food Microbiology , Food Samples , Brazil , Coliforms , Commerce
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