ABSTRACT
We documented fruit fly-host associations and infestation rates over 5 yr in the state of Bahia, Brazil, by systematically collecting native and introduced fruits in backyard and commercial orchards, experimental stations, and patches of native vegetation. Fruit were collected in multiple sites in the southern and southernmost regions of Bahia. A total of 942.22 kg from 27 fruit species in 15 plant families was collected throughout this study. Of these, 15 plant species from six families were infested by Anastrepha species. A total of 11,614 fruit flies was reared from the fruit (5,178 females and 6,436 males). No specimens of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were recovered. Eleven Anastrepha species were recovered from the collected fruit: Anastrepha antunesi Lima (0.04%), Anastrepha distincta Greene (0.1%), Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (53.5%), Anastrepha leptozona Hendel (4.5%), Anastrepha manihoti Lima (0.1%), Anastrepha montei Lima (1.0%), Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (33.0%), Anastrepha pickeli Lima (2.0%), Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) (1.0%), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi (3.0%), and Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi (1.8%). We recovered 1,265 parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Anastrepha pupae. Three species of braconids were found to parasitize larvae of nine Anastrepha species. The most common parasitoid species recovered was Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (81.7%), followed by Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (12.2%) and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) (6.1%). We report A. fraterculus infesting Malay apple Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry and A. fraterculus, A. sororcula, and A. zenildae infesting araza Eugenia stipitata McVaugh for the first time in Brazil.
Subject(s)
Biological Control Agents , Tephritidae/parasitology , Wasps/physiology , Animals , Brazil , Female , Food Chain , Fruit/growth & development , Larva/growth & development , Larva/parasitology , Male , Pupa/growth & development , Pupa/parasitology , Tephritidae/classification , Tephritidae/growth & development , Wasps/classification , Wasps/growth & developmentABSTRACT
We carried out a study to characterize fruit fly populations on an organic guava orchard (Psidium guajava cv. Paluma) in the municipality of Una, southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, using faunistic analysis of the adult fruit fly specimens captured in McPhail traps from January 2004 through March 2007. A total of 22,673 specimens of Anastrepha (15,306 females and 7,367 males) were captured. Thirteen species of Anastrepha were recorded. A. fraterculus and A. obliqua were the more frequent and dominant species, accounting for 90.1% of all females captured in the traps. A. fraterculus was the predominant species (more frequent, constant and dominant). The high value of the Simpson index (0.62) and the low values of Shannon-Wiener (0.83) and equitability (0.49) indices indicated the dominance and high frequency of A. fraterculus and A. obliqua on the guava orchard despite the presence of other fruit species as potential hosts of fruit flies.
Subject(s)
Psidium/parasitology , Tephritidae/physiology , Animals , Brazil , Crops, Agricultural , Female , Male , Population DynamicsABSTRACT
We carried out a study to characterize fruit fly populations on an organic guava orchard (Psidium guajava cv. Paluma) in the municipality of Una, southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, using faunistic analysis of the adult fruit fly specimens captured in McPhail traps from January 2004 through March 2007. A total of 22,673 specimens of Anastrepha (15,306 females and 7,367 males) were captured. Thirteen species of Anastrepha were recorded. A. fraterculus and A. obliqua were the more frequent and dominant species, accounting for 90.1 percent of all females captured in the traps. A. fraterculus was the predominant species (more frequent, constant and dominant). The high value of the Simpson index (0.62) and the low values of Shannon-Wiener (0.83) and equitability (0.49) indices indicated the dominance and high frequency of A. fraterculus and A. obliqua on the guava orchard despite the presence of other fruit species as potential hosts of fruit flies.
Foi realizado estudo para caracterizar as populações de moscas-das-frutas em pomar orgânico de goiaba (Psidium guajava cv. Paluma) no município de Una, Sul da Bahia, por meio da análise faunística dos espécimes capturados em armadilhas McPhail de janeiro de 2004 a março de 2007. Foram capturados 22.673 espécimes de Anastrepha (15.306 fêmeas e 7.367 machos). Treze espécies de Anastrepha foram registradas. A. fraterculus e A. obliqua foram as mais frequentes e dominantes, perfazendo 90,1 por cento de todos as fêmeas capturadas nas armadilhas. A. fraterculus foi a espécie predominante (mais frequente, constante e dominante). O alto valor do índice de Simpson (0,62) e os baixos valores dos índices de Shannon-Wiener (0,83) e equitabilidade (0,49) indicaram a dominância e a alta frequência de A. fraterculus e A. obliqua no pomar de goiaba, mesmo na presença de outras espécies frutíferas potencialmente hospedeiras de moscas-das-frutas.
