ABSTRACT
Canine mammary carcinoma (CMC) is one of the major health threats in dogs. The oncolytic virotherapy is a promising strategy to treat canine as well as human cancer patients with non-pathogenic replicating viruses. Here, we evaluated the antitumor activity of one lentogenic, non-lytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota strain expressing GFP (NDV-GFP) on five different CMCs and one non-tumorigenic cell line, regarding cell viability, cell death, selectivity index, morphology, global and target gene expression analysis. As evidenced by the selectivity index, all CMC cell lines were more susceptible to NDV-GFP in comparison with the non-tumorigenic cells (~3.1× to ~78.7×). In addition, the oncolytic effect of NDV-GFP was more evident in more malignant CMC cells. Also, we observed an inverse association of the IFN pathway expression and the susceptibility to NDV. The downregulated genes in NDV-GFP-sensitive cells were functionally enriched for antiviral mechanisms by interferon and immune system pathways, demonstrating that these mechanisms are the most prominent for oncolysis by NDV. To our knowledge, this is the first description of oncolysis by an NDV strain in canine mammary cancer cells. We also demonstrated specific molecular pathways related to NDV susceptibility in these cancer cells, opening the possibility to use NDV as a therapeutic-targeted option for more malignant CMCs. Therefore, these results urge for more studies using oncolytic NDVs, especially considering genetic editing to improve efficacy in dogs.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases , Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/therapy , Oncolytic Virotherapy , Oncolytic Viruses , Animals , Antiviral Agents , Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs , Female , Interferons , Newcastle disease virus , Oncolytic Virotherapy/veterinary , Virus ReplicationABSTRACT
Patient's anxiety and worry due to a lack of knowledge about the orthognathic surgery motivated the development of this study. The objective was to identify information needs of postoperative patient undergoing orthognathic surgery. It's an exploratory and qualitative research that used the focus group to collect the dada. Postoperative patients of orthognathic surgery from an oral and maxillofacial surgery and trauma ambulatory were invited to participate in the group. Through content analysis it was possible to identify the following problems related to the postoperative procedure: long recovery time, nutrition, oral hygiene, relief of postoperative signs and symptoms. Themes involving self-image and satisfaction levels related to the outcome of the surgery were also recognized pointing out the need of future studies to explore these issues.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures , Postoperative Care , Humans , Patient Education as TopicABSTRACT
A ansiedade e a preocupação dos pacientes decorrentes da obscuridade das informações relacionadas ao procedimento cirúrgico ortognático despertou o desenvolvimento deste estudo, que objetivou identificar as necessidades de informação do paciente sobre o cuidado pós-operatório da cirurgia ortognática. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória qualitativa, que utilizou como método de coleta de dados o grupo focal com pacientes em pós-operatório de cirurgia ortognática de um ambulatório de cirurgia e traumatologia bucomaxilofacial. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo para identificação das falas significativas para o alcance do objetivo. Entre os assuntos mais abordados, destacaram-se o longo tempo de recuperação e as dificuldades relacionadas à alimentação, higienização e redução dos sinais e sintomas pós-operatórios. Comentários relacionados à autoimagem e à satisfação com os resultados da cirurgia apontam para a necessidade de exploração em futuros estudos.
Patient's anxiety and worry due to a lack of knowledge about the orthognathic surgery motivated the development of this study. The objective was to identify information needs of postoperative patient undergoing orthognathic surgery. It's an exploratory and qualitative research that used the focus group to collect the dada. Postoperative patients of orthognathic surgery from an oral and maxillofacial surgery and trauma ambulatory were invited to participate in the group. Through content analysis it was possible to identify the following problems related to the postoperative procedure: long recovery time, nutrition, oral hygiene, relief of postoperative signs and symptoms. Themes involving self-image and satisfaction levels related to the outcome of the surgery were also recognized pointing out the need of future studies to explore these issues.
La ansiedad y la preocupación de los pacientes por la falta la información acerca de la cirugía ortognática provocaron el desarrollo de este estudio, que tuvo como objetivo identificar las necesidades de información del paciente sobre el cuidado postoperatorio. Es una investigación exploratoria cualitativa, que utilizó la técnica del grupo focal para recoger datos. Pacientes en el postoperatorio de cirugía ortognática de un ambulatorio de cirugía bucomaxilofacial y trauma fueron invitados a participar en el grupo. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de contenido y entre las cuestiones que se plantean más frecuentemente, se mencionó el largo tiempo de recuperación, las dificultades relacionadas con la alimentación, la higiene y la reducción de los signos y síntomas después de la operación. Comentarios relacionados con la imagen de sí mismo y la satisfacción con los resultados de la cirugía indican la necesidad de futuros estudios para explorar estos temas.
