ABSTRACT
One of the main causes of death in newborn piglets is the low level of energy reserves to maintain their body temperature, which can lead to hypothermia and, subsequently, death. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soybean oil supplementation to sows in the first three days after farrowing to save piglet fat reserves through the higher nutritional intake of sow milk. In total, 604.5, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 g of soybean oil were provided for each sow during the three days of supplementation. A total of 60 sows were evaluated per treatment, distributed in a random block design, supplemented in the first three days after farrowing with soybean oil added on top of the feed at the time of feeding. Performance and reproductive data and milk samples were collected from the sows to determine fat levels. Piglets were evaluated for fall-back rate and survival. There was no significant effect of soybean oil supplementation on any of the parameters evaluated for both sows and their milk. Therefore, soybean oil supplementation for sows in the first three days after farrowing does not influence performance parameters, reproduction and milk fat of the sows and mortality and fall-back rate of the piglets.
Subject(s)
Colostrum , Lactation , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Diet/veterinary , Dietary Supplements , Female , Pregnancy , Soybean Oil , SwineABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate how the amount and type of diet consumed during the wean-to-estrus interval (WEI) affects reproductive performance and WEI duration in sows. A total of 542 sows were distributed into the following treatment groups based on a 2 × 2 factorial design: feed amount during WEI (2.75 or 3.75 kg/day) and diet (gestation [G] or lactation [L]) groups. Dietary treatments were as follows: high supply of G diet (GH), low supply of G diet (GL), high supply of L diet (LH), and low supply of L diet (LL). Sows were randomly allocated to groups according to their body score Caliper and birth order. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) between the factors for WEI duration, which was 0.2 days shorter in the GH and LL groups than in the other groups. No difference was observed between treatments (P>0.05) for the birth rate, total births, stillbirths, or total litter weight. There was a trend (P<0.10) toward a higher rate of live births in sows fed with G diet and sows receiving a low diet supply, with an average of 91.95% for both groups. In addition, there was a positive trend (P < 0.10) for live weight of the litter, where GH and LL treatments resulted in higher birth weight (17.9 and 17.7 kg, respectively) than other treatments. In conclusion, a supply of 3.75 kg/day or the use of a more energetic feed (lactation) during the WEI did not improve the reproductive performance of the subsequent cycle of sows in good body condition.
RESUMO: Este experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da quantidade e tipo de dieta consumida durante o intervalo desmame-estro (IDE) sobre o desempenho ao parto subsequente e tempo de IDE de fêmeas suínas. Foram utilizadas 542 fêmeas, distribuídas em um delineamento fatorial 2×2 com duas quantidades de alimento fornecido durante o IDE (2,75 ou 3,75 kg/dia) e dois tipos de dieta (gestação - G ou lactação - L), sendo: Alto fornecimento de dieta G (GA), menor fornecimento de G (GM), alto fornecimento de L (LA) e menor fornecimento de L (LM). As fêmeas foram aleatoriamente distribuídas entre os tratamentos em blocos de acordo com o escore corporal Caliper e ordem de parto. Houve interação para tempo de IDE (P<0,05) entre a quantidade de ração e o tipo da dieta consumida durante o período, o qual foi 0,2 dias mais curto nos grupos GA e LM. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (P>0,05) sobre a taxa de parto, total de nascidos, natimortos e peso total da leitegada. Houve uma tendência para maior taxa de nascidos vivos (P<0,10) nas fêmeas que consumiram a dieta G, e nas fêmeas que receberam o menor fornecimento de ração, com média de 91,95%, para ambos os fatores. Além disso, foi observada tendência positiva (P<0,10) para o peso vivo da leitegada, em que GA e LM apresentaram maior peso ao nascer (17,9 e 17,7 kg, respectivamente). Em conclusão, o fornecimento de 3,75 kg/dia, ou o uso de uma dieta mais energética (lactação) durante o IDE, não melhora o desempenho reprodutivo do ciclo subsequente de fêmeas suínas em boa condição corporal.
