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1.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2016. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, Inca | ID: biblio-943289

ABSTRACT

O câncer de esôfago representa a oitava neoplasia mais incidente e a sexta mais letal em todo o mundo. Esta doença pode se apresentar de duas formas principais: o adenocarcinoma de esôfago e o carcinoma epidermóide de esôfago (CEE), sendo esta última, a mais frequente no Brasil e no mundo. O CEE é uma doença de etiologia bastantecomplexa, destacando-se o tabagismo e o etilismo. Além das questões acerca dos mecanismos de carcinogênese do esôfago, o CEE apresenta um grande desafio no que tange o seu diagnóstico e tratamento. No Brasil a sobrevida em 5 anos para essa neoplasia é menor que 10%. Isto é decorrente, principalmente, do estado avançado que os tumores são diagnosticados. O conhecimento das alterações moleculares presentes no tecido neoplásico pode responder perguntas sobre o processo de malignização. Além disso, este conhecimento pode apontar possíveis alvos para melhorar o diagnóstico e o tratamento. A utilização de métodos de análise em larga escala, como os microarranjos de DNA e mais recente o sequenciamento de nova geração, representam importantes ferramentas devido ao grande número de genes analisados sem a subjetividade do conhecimento pré-existente sobre a doença. Sendo assim, este trabalho objetivou a análise do perfil de expressão gênica, perfil mutacional bem como a presença de fusões genicas por RNA-seq de amostras pareadas de CEE e mucosa não maligna adjacente ao tumor de 14 pacientes do INCA bem como amostras de esôfago de o pacientes sem câncer do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto/UERJ. O sequenciamento do RNA foi realizado no sequenciador Illumina 2500, sendo a biblioteca construída com o kit TruSeq (Illumina) de acordo com as instruções do fabricante....


Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most frequent and the sixth most lethal neoplasia worldwide. This disease has two main histological types: esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the latter being the most common type of EC in Brazil and worldwide. ESCC has a complex aetiology, with tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption as the main risk factors in Western countries. In addition to a poorly understood molecular carcinogenesis process, ESCC represents a major challenge regarding its diagnosis and treatment. In Brazil, the 5-year survival for this cancer is less than 10%. This ismainly due to a late diagnosis. Therefore, a better comprehension of the molecular pathways that lead to ESCC development can help identifying potential targets to improve diagnosisand/or treatment. In this context, large-scale analysis methods such as DNA microarrays and next generation sequencing are important tools because of the number of genes simultaneously analyzed and the avoidance of selection bias. Thus, the present study aimedto analyze the gene expression profile, mutational profile and the presence of gene fusions in ESCC by using RNA-seq. A total of 14 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ESCC at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), who donated both tumor and non-malignantadjacent mucosa, and eight individuals without cancer from Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto were included in this analysis. RNA sequencing was performed on Illumina 2500 sequencer, and the library was prepared with TruSeq kit (Illumina), according to the manufacturer's instructions. After sequencing, the low quality reads were removed using thePrinSeq software. The remaining reads were aligned to the human genome reference using TopHat2 software...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Esophageal Neoplasms , Sequence Analysis, RNA , Transcriptome
2.
Cancer Lett ; 326(1): 52-8, 2012 Dec 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22819941

ABSTRACT

The role of HPV in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCCs) is controversial. Therefore, we determined, through different methodologies, the prevalence of HPV in 264 ESCC samples from Brazil, and correlated it with the presence of surrogate markers and clinicopathological characteristics. HPV is present in 13% of ESCC, and with a 3-fold variation between high and medium incidence areas. Most HPV positive tumors were infected with HPV16, but this was not associated with p16 expression, TP53 mutation status, patient age, amount of tobacco or alcohol consumption, or overall survival. We conclude that HPV infection may not have a role in ESCC.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology , Esophageal Neoplasms/virology , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Age Factors , Aged , Alcohol Drinking , Brazil/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics , Female , Genes, p16 , Genes, p53 , Human papillomavirus 16/isolation & purification , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mutation , Prevalence , Smoking
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