Prevalence and determinants associated with T. pallidum infection in adults from poor urban communities, Brazilian Amazon.

BACKGROUND: In Brazil, despite the increase in coverage and access to rapid testing for syphilis in primary health care, no reduction in cases of syphilis and congenital syphilis was observed. Poor and low-educated populations are disproportionately affected by infection caused by T. pallidum. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of syphilis and associated factors among people aged 18 to 49 years old in the city of Belém, brazilian amazon. METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional study carried out in a sanitary administrative district of a capital of the Brazilian Amazon, Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. Data collection was conducted from August 2021 to February 2022. The participantes consisted of residents of the Montese, Guamá and Condor neighborhoods. People aged 18 to 49 years were included. This variable was treated as dichotomous (reagent and non-reagent). The selected response event was 'reagent result'. The independent variables were the social factors and access to health services. To identify associated factors with the presence of markers of the bacteria studied, multiple logistic rules were performed. RESULTS: 178 people participated in the study; the median age was 35.0 years. The prevalence of IgG and/or IgM antibodies against T. pallidum was 7 % (13). In the final regression model, it was observed that participants who had sexual intercourse after using alcohol and drugs and those who did not know about the prevention of sexually transmitted infections were five times more likely to have tested positive for T. pallidum. CONCLUSIONS: Aspects of individual vulnerability and access to health services must be managed to reduce the exposure of poor urban populations to T. pallidum.

Panorama epidemiológico do HIV em gestantes indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Pará / Epidemiological overview of HIV in indigenous and non-indigenous pregnant women in the state of Para

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da infecção pelo HIV em gestantes indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Pará. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, realizado a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação referentes ao período de 2010 a 2017. Resultados: As taxas de detecção de HIV em gestantes apresentaram tendência de crescimento nos dois grupos étnicos. O acompanhamento pré-natal mostrou-se importante para a triagem sorológica do HIV nas populações estudadas. Conclusão: Os elevados índices de HIV em gestantes, especialmente entre indígenas, evidenciam a necessidade de adequação da política e diretrizes de prevenção do HIV/aids de modo a torná-las culturalmente adequadas para os diferentes contextos étnicos. Além disso, torna-se imprescindível a ampliação das medidas de prevenção e diagnóstico do HIV em momentos que antecedem a gestação a fim de interromper a cadeia de transmissão do vírus.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiologic profile of HIV infection in indigenous and non-indigenous pregnant women in the state of Para. Methodology: Cross-sectional epidemiologic study based on data from 2010 to 2017 collected from the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (System for Notifiable Diseases). Results: HIV detection rates in pregnant women showed a growth trend in both ethnic groups. Prenatal care proved to be essential in the serological screening of HIV in the populations studied. Conclusion: The high rates of HIV among indigenous women point to the need to have culturally appropriate HIV/AIDS prevention policies and guidelines for different ethnic contexts. In addition, HIV prevention and diagnosis measures before pregnancy must be expanded to break the virus chain of infection.