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1.
Sci Total Environ ; 912: 168664, 2024 Feb 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37996016

ABSTRACT

In this study we found that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) were omnipresent in a tropical seabird community comprising diverse ecological guilds and distinct foraging and trophic preferences. Because EDCs tend to bioaccumulate within the food web and microplastics can absorb and release harmful chemical compounds, our findings draw attention to the potential threats to wildlife. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the role of plastic ingestion, trophic and foraging patterns (δ15N and δ13C) of five tropical seabird species breeding in sympatry, on the exposure to EDCs, namely Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) and personal care products (PCPs, e.g., musk fragrances and UV-filters). Results indicated that microplastics occurrence and EDCs detection frequency varied among species. Microplastics occurrence was higher in species with dual and coastal foraging strategies. Preen oil had higher levels of MeO-PBDEs and PCPs, while serum had higher levels of PBDEs. In brown boobies, the correlation between microplastics and ∑PBDEs levels was significant, suggesting that microplastics ingestion is a key PBDEs route. Trophic position (δ15N) plays a key role in PBDEs accumulation, particularly in Bulwer's petrel, which occupies a high trophic position and had more specialized feeding ecology than the other species. MeO-PBDEs were linked to foraging habitat (δ13C), although the link to foraging locations deserves further investigation. Overall, our findings not only fill key gaps in our understanding of seabirds' exposure to microplastics and EDCs, but also provide an essential baseline for future research and monitoring efforts. These findings have broader implications for the marine wildlife conservation and pollution management in sensitive environments, such as the tropical regions off West Africa.


Subject(s)
Endocrine Disruptors , Environmental Monitoring , Animals , Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis , Microplastics , Plastics , Animals, Wild , Birds , Eating
2.
Life Sci ; 256: 117962, 2020 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32534040

ABSTRACT

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral resveratrol effects associated with diet and physical training changes on anthropometric and biochemical parameters. MAIN METHODS: 25 individuals aged from 30 to 60 years old; with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 were included in the study. Following the primary evaluation (anthropometric and clinical), the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) Placebo: Physical activity program + Diet + Placebo; (2) Resveratrol: Physical activity program + Diet + Resveratrol (RVS) (250 mg/day) for three months. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated at baseline and after the treatment period. KEY FINDINGS: The main findings showed that the resveratrol supplementation improved total cholesterol (TC), High-density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), Very-low density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), urea, creatinine and albumin serum levels. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings indicate that this polyphenol may be an option to potentiate the beneficial effects induced by dietary and physical activity programs in the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) treatment.


Subject(s)
Dietary Supplements , Life Style , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Metabolic Syndrome/drug therapy , Obesity/complications , Resveratrol/administration & dosage , Resveratrol/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Adult , Energy Metabolism/drug effects , Female , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Middle Aged , Obesity/blood , Placebos
3.
Cytopathology ; 29(4): 355-360, 2018 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29893438

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the internal quality control indicators and quality management programme in a university cytopathology laboratory. METHODS: All results of conventional cervical smears tests (taken from the SISCAN, the Brazilian cervical cancer screening system) of women aged ≥15 years at the time of Papanicolaou smear specimen collection during January 2007-December 2014 were included. The final results of the cytopathology were classified in accordance with the Bethesda System. The variables included in the database were the woman's name, date of birth, and age at the time of sampling (15-30, 31-40 and older than 40 years). RESULTS: In this period, 50 286 cytopathology examinations were carried out. Of these, 44 386 (91.34%) were negative for malignancy or unsatisfactory and 4209 (8.66%) presented epithelial abnormalities. The percentage of the tests consistent with atypical squamous cells (ASC) between satisfactory examinations was 4.12%; the percentage of tests compatible with ASC among abnormal examinations was 47.87%; the ASC/squamous intraepithelial lesion) ratio was 0.97 and the percentage of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion among satisfactory tests was 2.21%, and the 5-year retrospective review identified 4.97% of false-negative results. CONCLUSION: All rates obtained were consistent over the years and within the recommended values by Federal Regulation of Brazil. This demonstrates the efficacy of our established internal quality monitoring and continuing education, reflecting the commitment of the team involved in the release of smear reports.


Subject(s)
Cervix Uteri/pathology , Papanicolaou Test/standards , Quality Control , Uterine Cervical Diseases/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil , Clinical Laboratory Services , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Universities
4.
Int J Obes (Lond) ; 40(3): 479-86, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26443339

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The association between gluten and body weight is inconsistent. Previously, we showed that a gluten-free diet reduces weight gain without changing food intake in mice fed high-fat diets. In the present study, we investigated the effects of gluten intake on fat metabolism, thermogenesis and energy expenditure in mice fed a standard or high-fat diet. METHODS: Mice were fed four different experimental diets during 8 weeks: a control-standard diet (CD), a CD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (CD-G), a high-fat diet (HFD) and a HFD added with 4.5% of wheat gluten (HFD-G). After 8 weeks, the mice received (99m)Tc-radiolabeled gluten orally to study gluten absorption and biodistribution or they underwent indirect calorimetry. After killing, subcutaneous and brown adipose tissues (SAT and BAT) were collected to assess thermogenesis-related protein expression. Lipid metabolism was studied in adipocyte cultures from the four groups. RESULTS: Despite having had the same energy intake, CD-G and HFD-G mice exhibited increased body weight and fat deposits compared with their respective controls. (99m)Tc-GLU or its peptides were detected in the blood, liver and visceral adipose tissue, suggesting that gluten can even reach extraintestinal organs. Uncoupling protein-1 expression was reduced in the BAT of HFD-G and in the SAT of CD-G and HFD-G mice. Indirect calorimetry showed lower oxygen volume consumption in CD-G and HFD-G groups compared with their controls. In HFD mice, daily energy expenditure was reduced with gluten intake. Gluten also reduced adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPARγ and hormone-sensitive lipase in cultures of isolated adipocytes from HFD mice, whereas in the CD-G group, gluten intake increased interleukin-6 expression and tended to increase that of tumor necrosis factor. CONCLUSIONS: Wheat gluten promotes weight gain in animals on both HFD and CD, partly by reducing the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissues.


Subject(s)
Energy Metabolism/physiology , Glutens , Obesity/metabolism , Weight Gain/physiology , Adipogenesis , Adiposity , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Energy Intake , Feeding Behavior , Gene Expression Regulation , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Thermogenesis
5.
J Periodontal Res ; 48(5): 632-7, 2013 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23425324

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recent evidence suggests that the use of fluoxetine could reduce periodontal disease severity. However, the effect of fluoxetine on periodontal disease has not been tested in the context of conditioned fear stress (CFS). We hypothesized that inhibition of chronic stress by fluoxetine might decrease the levels of bone loss in periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of fluoxetine on bone loss in chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen Wistar rats were submitted to ligature-induced periodontal disease and divided into four groups (A-D). Groups A (n = 3) and B (n = 4) were not stressed, while Groups C (n = 3) and D (n = 4) were submitted to a CFS paradigm for 38 d. Daily fluoxetine (20 mg/kg) was administered to Groups B and D from day 20 to day 39, at which point the rats were submitted to an open field test and killed on day 40. Mandibles were removed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS: Stress was associated with a higher level of bone loss in Group C compared with Group A. Additionally, no differences in bone loss were observed among Groups A, B and D. CONCLUSION: We showed that stress is associated with the progression of bone loss in a CFS model in rats and that fluoxetine treatment reduces the bone loss.


Subject(s)
Chronic Periodontitis/prevention & control , Fear/psychology , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Alveolar Bone Loss/pathology , Alveolar Bone Loss/prevention & control , Alveolar Bone Loss/psychology , Animals , Anxiety/psychology , Chronic Periodontitis/pathology , Chronic Periodontitis/psychology , Conditioning, Psychological , Disease Models, Animal , Disease Progression , Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic/physiology , Interleukin-1beta/analysis , Interleukin-6/analysis , Locomotion/drug effects , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
6.
Cytopathology ; 19(1): 34-43, 2008 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18205627

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the correlation between cytomorphological criteria in smears with atypical glandular cells (AGC) or adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and human papillomavirus (HPV) reflex test results with different neoplastic histological diagnoses, particularly to distinguish between glandular and squamous neoplasia. METHODS: A series of 155 women with glandular abnormalities in their conventional cervical smears was included: 106 with AGC, 35 with AGC associated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and 14 with AIS. Two reviewers evaluated 35 cytomorphological criteria and hybrid capture II (HCII) was performed in all cases. Colposcopy was carried out in all cases and biopsy in 126/155. For statistical purposes, predictive values and odds ratio (OR) were calculated, followed by chi-square automatic interaction detection. RESULTS: Histology detected 56 cases of squamous and 17 of glandular intraepithelial or invasive neoplasia. Predictive values of the papillary groups and feathering criteria for glandular neoplasia were, respectively, 80.0% and 73.3%. Feathering was the criterion with the highest OR for distinguishing glandular from squamous neoplasia and also for distinguishing between glandular and non-neoplastic diagnosis. Rosettes and pseudostratified strips did not perform as well. Multivariant Classification and Regression Trees analysis identified feathering as the best criterion for distinguishing between glandular, squamous and non-neoplastic diagnoses regardless of HPV status. CONCLUSIONS: Feathering was the best criterion for predicting glandular neoplasia.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/virology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology , Female , Humans , Papillomaviridae , Predictive Value of Tests , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Vaginal Smears , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology
7.
Int J Gynecol Cancer ; 16(3): 1055-62, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16803485

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to assess whether human papillomavirus (HPV) detection with hybrid capture II (HC II) can help predict the presence and the nature, glandular or squamous, of histologic cervical lesions in women referred due to atypical glandular cells (AGC) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A total of 247 women were included. Referral Pap smears comprised AGC (51 cases), AGC plus HSIL (28 cases), adenocarcinoma in situ (10 cases), and HSIL (158 cases). All patients were tested for high-risk HPV with HC II and had a histologic assessment of their cervix. Histologic analysis showed 38 women with (15.3%) cervicitis, 194 with (75.5%) squamous lesions, and 15 with (9.2%) glandular neoplasia. The overall rate of high-risk HPV detection was 77%. Almost 70% of AGC-HPV-negative patients did not have a pathologically proven cervical neoplasia, whereas 76% of women with AGC-HPV-positive result were diagnosed with a squamous or glandular neoplasia. Most (95%) of the lesions in patients with AGC-HSIL were of squamous nature, and HPV detection did not contribute to their differentiation from glandular lesions. We conclude that in women with AGC, HPV positivity strongly correlated with the presence of glandular or squamous cervical lesion but did not help distinguishing women with squamous from those with glandular neoplasia.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/virology , Mass Screening/methods , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Uterine Cervical Diseases/virology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Adult , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnosis , Carcinoma in Situ/epidemiology , Carcinoma in Situ/virology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , DNA Probes, HPV , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/virology , Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Neoplasms, Squamous Cell/virology , Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis , Precancerous Conditions/epidemiology , Precancerous Conditions/virology , Predictive Value of Tests , Uterine Cervical Diseases/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Diseases/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/epidemiology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology
8.
Cytopathology ; 16(6): 295-302, 2005 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16303043

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of some criteria in cervical smears with atypical glandular cells and their correlation with histological patterns to identify pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. METHODS: Seventy-three women referred with an atypical glandular cell smear, who had undergone conization or hysterectomy, were included in this study. Referral Pap smears were reviewed using the set of 27 cyto-morphological criteria that was correlated with the histological diagnosis. RESULTS: Histological results showed intraepithelial or invasive neoplasia in 35 (48%) cases and benign lesions in 38 (52%) cases. After logistic regression and decision tree analysis an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the presence of dyskeratotic cells were strongly associated with intraepithelial or invasive neoplasia and the differential cyto-morphological criteria for glandular lesions were decreased cytoplasm, irregular nuclear membranes and the presence of nucleoli. CONCLUSION: The analysis of individual cyto-morphological criteria can better predict intraepithelial or invasive neoplasia and differentiate glandular from squamous lesions.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Cervix Uteri/pathology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Analysis of Variance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cytodiagnosis/methods , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Logistic Models , Middle Aged , Papanicolaou Test , Vaginal Smears
9.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol ; 34(5): 313-8, 2005 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16120883

ABSTRACT

Cherubism is a rare hereditary fibro-osseous childhood disease characterized by bone degradation and fibrous tissue replacement at the angles of the mandible and at the tuberosity areas of the maxilla that leads to prominence of the lower face and an appearance reminiscent of the cherub's portrayal in Renaissance art. This disease has an autosomal dominant hereditary characteristic. The purpose of this report is to analyse laboratory tests, clinicopathological and radiographic features of cherubism and its intraoral manifestations in a patient during 4-years of follow-up, correlating the features observed in this case with those of the literature. Also discussed is the atypical and aggressive behaviour of this case during puberty.


Subject(s)
Cherubism/physiopathology , Mandibular Diseases/physiopathology , Adolescent , Cherubism/diagnostic imaging , Cherubism/pathology , Connective Tissue/pathology , Disease Progression , Facial Asymmetry/diagnostic imaging , Facial Asymmetry/pathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Giant Cells/pathology , Humans , Mandibular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Mandibular Diseases/pathology , Puberty/physiology , Radiography, Panoramic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
10.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 98(2): 181-4, 2003 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12764431

ABSTRACT

This study estimated the prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) types among women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III and invasive cervical cancer from Goi s (Brazil Central Region). Seventy-four cases were analyzed and consisted of 18 CIN III, 48 squamous cell carcinomas, 4 adenocarcinomas, 1 adenosquamous carcinoma and 3 undifferentiated carcinomas. HPV-DNA sequences were examined in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues using primers from L1 region GP5+/GP6+. Polymerase chain reaction products were typed with dot blot hybridization using probes for HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 54, 6/11, 42/43/44, 51/52, 56/58. The prevalence of HPV was estimated to be 76% (56/74). HPV 16 was the most frequently found type, followed by HPV 33, 18 and 31. The prevalence of untyped HPV was 6%; 79% percent of the squamous cell carcinoma cases and 61% percent of the CIN III were positive for HPV and the prevalence rate of HPV types was the same for the total number of cases. According to other studies, HPV type 16 is the most prevalent virus in all Brazilian regions, but there is variation regarding to other types. Type 18 is the second most prevalent HPV in North, Southeast and South Brazil regions and types 31 and 33 are the second most prevalent HPV in Northeast and Central Brazil, respectively.


Subject(s)
DNA, Viral/analysis , Papillomaviridae/classification , Papillomavirus Infections/virology , Tumor Virus Infections/virology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/virology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Papillomaviridae/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction
11.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 98(2): 181-184, Mar. 15, 2003. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-334252

ABSTRACT

This study estimated the prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) types among women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III and invasive cervical cancer from Goiás (Brazil Central Region). Seventy-four cases were analyzed and consisted of 18 CIN III, 48 squamous cell carcinomas, 4 adenocarcinomas, 1 adenosquamous carcinoma and 3 undifferentiated carcinomas. HPV-DNA sequences were examined in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues using primers from L1 region GP5+/GP6+. Polymerase chain reaction products were typed with dot blot hybridization using probes for HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 54, 6/11, 42/43/44, 51/52, 56/58. The prevalence of HPV was estimated to be 76 percent (56/74). HPV 16 was the most frequently found type, followed by HPV 33, 18 and 31. The prevalence of untyped HPV was 6 percent; 79 percent percent of the squamous cell carcinoma cases and 61 percent percent of the CIN III were positive for HPV and the prevalence rate of HPV types was the same for the total number of cases. According to other studies, HPV type 16 is the most prevalent virus in all Brazilian regions, but there is variation regarding to other types. Type 18 is the second most prevalent HPV in North, Southeast and South Brazil regions and types 31 and 33 are the second most prevalent HPV in Northeast and Central Brazil, respectively


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections , Tumor Virus Infections , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , DNA, Viral , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Tumor Virus Infections , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
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