ABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar y comparar por sexos la composición corporal y la condición nutricional de estudiantes de ballet frente a un grupo control no practicante de la danza. La muestra consistió en 304 alumnos de uno y otro sexo de la Escuela Elemental de Ballet Alejo Carpentier de Cuba, y con edades comprendidas entre 10 y 14 años. El grupo control, de las mismas edades, incluyó 340 escolares asistentes a escuelas de Primaria y Secundaria de la Ciudad de la Habana. Se midieron la estatura, el peso, los perímetros del brazo, cintura y cadera y los pliegues bicipital, tricipital, subescapular y suprailiaco. Se estimaron los índice de conicidad (IC), cintura/cadera(C/C), masa corporal (IMC) y sumatorio de pliegues. Como variables de composición corporal el porcentaje de grasa (G%) y peso magro (PM) aplicando ecuaciones de Durnin y Wormerseley (1974) y Siri(1961). Respecto a la serie control, las bailarinas, excepto para la estatura, presentaron promedios significativamente inferiores, tanto para las medidas directas como para los índices y los parámetros de composición corporal. Los bailarines tuvieron niveles de adiposidad total y relativa significativamente inferior, menor IC e IMC y un peso magro proporcionalmente más elevado. El 38% de las niñas y el 13,5 %de los niños estudiantes de ballet, presentaron déficit ponderal respecto a las referencias internacionales para el IMC propuestas por Cole et al. (2000; 2007).En el grupo de bailarines se estimaron ecuaciones para el cálculo del peso magro y el porcentaje de grasa a partir del peso, el perímetro del brazo y los pliegues subcutáneos (AU)
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the body composition and nutritional status in ballet students and a group of non-ballet practising by sexe. The sample was composed by 304 individuals of both sexes students of The Elementary Cuban Ballet School Alejo Carpentier between 10 and 14 years old. Control group, includes 340 boys and girls aged 10 to 14 from Publics Schools of Habana City. Heigth, weight, midarm, waist, hip circumferences and bicipital, tricipital, subescapular and suprailiac skinfold thikness. Conicityindex (IC), bodymas index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio(W/H), skinfold thickness sumatory was calculated. Also, fat percentaje (F%) and fat free mass (FFM) wasestimated using Durnin y Wormerseley (1974) and Siri(1961) ecuations. Excepting heigth, female dancers presented significantly lower values for the direct measures, indices and body composition variables. Male dancers had significantly lower means for skinfold thikness, CI, BMI, F% and a proportionally higher FFM. In the ballet dancer group 38% of girls and 13,5 % of boys had underweight according to international references of BMI proposed by Cole et al. (2000; 2007).FFM and % F regresion ecuations was estimated in female and male dancers from body weight, arm circunfrence and skinfold thickness (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Body Composition/physiology , Nutritional Status , Dancing/physiology , Students , CubaABSTRACT
Catalase (CAT) is an enzyme that is involved in antioxidant defense, cell growth, and is possibly associated with tumoral processes. In this paper, the results of experiments designed to determine the influence of metallic carcinogens such as nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd), on CAT activity are reported. CAT activity was measured in erythrocytes from three groups: a group of colon cancer patients, a group of gastric cancer patients before clinical treatment, and a control group of healthy blood donors. Concentrations of this enzyme are significantly higher than controls in the colon cancer group, but lower in gastric neoplasia. By generating highly reactive oxygenated species, Ni, Pb, Hg, and Cd alter catalase activity. Solutions of Ni, Cd, and Pb at 0.2 mM concentrations inhibit CAT activity in colon cancer, but increase it in gastric neoplasia. Hg activates CAT in colon cancer, and causes a slightly increased activity in gastric cancer. No complete deactivation of the enzyme was observed.
