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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 26(5): 1110-4, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22072360

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and body composition is important in the disease control. The nutritional intervention has relevance in the improvement of glycemia and lipemia in diabetic patients. AIM: Evaluate the influence of fat intake on body composition, lipemia and glycemia on patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: 19 patients were evaluated by anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference), body composition (fat mass, lean body mass and total body water by bioelectrical impedance) and biochemical variables, after 8 hours of fasting. Dietary assessment was performed using the dietary records for 3 days, analyzed for nutritional software DietPró 5i. The groups were formed according to the usual intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (G1<10% of total energy expenditure (TEE) of SFA and G2≥10% of TEE of SFA). Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 16.0, considering p<0.05. RESULTS: There was no difference in anthropometric and biochemical variables between groups, but G1 presented higher fat mass (FM) and G2 high SFA and adequate mounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) intake. The lipemia and glycemia were not affected by high SFA intake, but adequate MUFA intake may have influenced the results of these variables. No found relation between type of fat ingested and biochemistry variables. CONCLUSION: Body composition can be influenced by type of fat ingested. Lipemia and glycemia were not influenced by high SFA intake, perhaps due to MUFA intake adequate.


Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/metabolism , Body Composition/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Dietary Fats/pharmacology , Lipids/blood , Anthropometry , Blood Glucose/analysis , Body Mass Index , Body Weight/physiology , Cholesterol, HDL/analysis , Cholesterol, VLDL/analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet , Energy Intake , Fatty Acids/pharmacology , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/pharmacology , Feeding Behavior , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Male , Triglycerides/analysis , Young Adult
2.
Eur J Immunol ; 31(2): 634-45, 2001 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11180129

ABSTRACT

The Xid mutation predominantly affects the development of B cells and consequently the levels and composition of natural antibodies in sera. In contrast to the congenic and susceptible BALB/c strain, immunodeficient BALB.Xid mice display a resistant phenotype both to acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection and to the development of severe cardiopathy. Because natural antibodies are known to be basically self-antigen driven, IgM and IgG natural antibody repertoires (NAR) were compared before and during infection in these two strains. The analysis revealed fundamental alterations of IgM and IgG NAR in pre- and post-infected Xid mice. In particular, relatively increased natural (pre-existing) autoreactive IgG, dominated by the unique recognition of a single band in autologous heart extracts, was typical for uninfected Xid mice. This natural autoreactive IgG directed to heart antigens disappeared early after infection not only in Xid, but also in individual BALB/c mice that survived the acute infection. Conversely, the subgroup of BALB/c mice that died early after infection presented the most pronounced instances of the rapid, relative increase of IgM reactivities to self and non-self proteins. These results suggest that self-reactive NAR may play a role in an immunoregulatory mechanism relevant for the determination of susceptibility/resistance to infections. This may act either by influencing specific responses, or by modulating the self-aggressive components responsible for pathology.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , Chagas Disease/immunology , Genetic Linkage , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/genetics , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , X Chromosome , Animals , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Immunity, Innate , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/chemistry , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Immunoglobulin M/chemistry , Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C
3.
Rev. cir. infant ; 9(3): 149-52, sept. 1999. graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-13191

ABSTRACT

Los intentos de medir la función exócrina testicular en modelos animales de experimentación resultaron en una diversificación de métodos de muy difícil comparación y reproducibilidad.La presente investigación tiene como objetivo verificar el valor de la técnica de muicroaspiración del esperma en la cola del epido de la rata,evaluando sus parámetros seminales.Fueron utilizadas 35 ratas albinas,de la variedad de Wistar de 150 días de edad.Se desarrolló una técnica para la microaspiración del esperma en la cola del epidimo.La motilidad y concentración de los espermatozoides de ambos testículos de cada animal fueron analizados con el test T de Student para las muestras dependientes(p<0.05)según la concentración y motilidad espermática.La técnica de microaspiración de la cola del epídimo permite un adecuado acceso,confiable y de fácil ejecución


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Spermatozoa , Semen , Inhalation
4.
Rev. cir. infant ; 9(3): 149-52, sept. 1999. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-256551

ABSTRACT

Los intentos de medir la función exócrina testicular en modelos animales de experimentación resultaron en una diversificación de métodos de muy difícil comparación y reproducibilidad.La presente investigación tiene como objetivo verificar el valor de la técnica de muicroaspiración del esperma en la cola del epido de la rata,evaluando sus parámetros seminales.Fueron utilizadas 35 ratas albinas,de la variedad de Wistar de 150 días de edad.Se desarrolló una técnica para la microaspiración del esperma en la cola del epidimo.La motilidad y concentración de los espermatozoides de ambos testículos de cada animal fueron analizados con el test T de Student para las muestras dependientes(p<0.05)según la concentración y motilidad espermática.La técnica de microaspiración de la cola del epídimo permite un adecuado acceso,confiable y de fácil ejecución


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Inhalation , Semen , Spermatozoa
5.
Rev. cir. infant ; 9(1): 25-9, mar. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-15120

ABSTRACT

La fertilidad en el hombre es evaluada pór las características seminales.Experimentalmente el test de fertilidad se acepta como el máas confiable pero imposible de reproducir en humanos porque implica la capacidad de gestación.La técnica simplificada de microaspiración del esperma,resultó muy práctica pero había que verificar si los parámetros seminales así obtenidos tenían correlación con el test de apareamientoSe utilizaron 20 ratas y 20 ratas albinas del linaje Wistar,con edades durante el test de apareamiento de 70 días y peso medio de 260 g.Para el procedimiento de microaspiración del esperma del epidídimo,fueron utilizados las 40 ratas Wistar(20+20)con edad de 70 días y un peso medio de 200 g para el test de apareamiento.Para la microaspiración,las mismas ratas tenían 160 días,con un peso medio de 368,4 g.En el test de apareamiento se utilizó el método Poiley,se observaron el número de embarazos y de crías.Se utilizó la técnica de microaspiración de esperma de la cola del epidídimo para evaluar la motilida y concentración espermática.El test T de Student fue utilizado en la evaluación de los parámetros seminales.Se correlacionó el número de crías con la motilidad y la concentración espermática obteniéndose un nivel de significancia de 0,5(p<0,05)No hubo diferencias estadísticas en el número de embarazos,número de hijos,motilidad y concentración espermática


Subject(s)
Comparative Study , Rats , Rats , Semen , Fertility
6.
Rev. cir. infant ; 9(1): 25-9, mar. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-242011

ABSTRACT

La fertilidad en el hombre es evaluada pór las características seminales.Experimentalmente el test de fertilidad se acepta como el máas confiable pero imposible de reproducir en humanos porque implica la capacidad de gestación.La técnica simplificada de microaspiración del esperma,resultó muy práctica pero había que verificar si los parámetros seminales así obtenidos tenían correlación con el test de apareamientoSe utilizaron 20 ratas y 20 ratas albinas del linaje Wistar,con edades durante el test de apareamiento de 70 días y peso medio de 260 g.Para el procedimiento de microaspiración del esperma del epidídimo,fueron utilizados las 40 ratas Wistar(20+20)con edad de 70 días y un peso medio de 200 g para el test de apareamiento.Para la microaspiración,las mismas ratas tenían 160 días,con un peso medio de 368,4 g.En el test de apareamiento se utilizó el método Poiley,se observaron el número de embarazos y de crías.Se utilizó la técnica de microaspiración de esperma de la cola del epidídimo para evaluar la motilida y concentración espermática.El test T de Student fue utilizado en la evaluación de los parámetros seminales.Se correlacionó el número de crías con la motilidad y la concentración espermática obteniéndose un nivel de significancia de 0,5(p<0,05)No hubo diferencias estadísticas en el número de embarazos,número de hijos,motilidad y concentración espermática


Subject(s)
Rats , Fertility , Rats , Semen
7.
Int Immunol ; 10(5): 619-30, 1998 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9645610

ABSTRACT

The two-signal model states that activation of naive T cells requires a signal 1 stimulus through the TCR and a co-stimulatory signal 2. By contrast, signal 1 alone is sufficient for pre-activated T cells. Recently, however, it has been shown that under certain conditions T cells can bypass the requirement for co-stimulation. For example, CD28-deficient mice, when immunized with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, mount a vigorous cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and clear the virus. As a continuous effort to unravel the mechanisms of T cell activation, we previously reported activation of hybridoma T cells by recombinant single-chain MHC molecules in the absence of antigen-presenting cells. In such reconstitution experiments, since the signals delivered to the T cells are well controlled, the contribution of any known or unknown signals can be ruled out. In the present study, we analyzed the requirements for activation of naive T cells by using splenocytes from TCR transgenic mice as a source of responding cells. We observed that naive CD8+ T cells are fully activated by signal 1 alone, but that co-stimulation lowers their activation threshold. Previously activated T cells are fully responsive, even when the first stimulation was performed in the absence of co-stimulation. They display a low activation threshold and are insensitive to co-stimulation. The physiological relevance of this finding and its consequences for immunotherapy as well as for our understanding of self-tolerance are discussed.


Subject(s)
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Lymphocyte Activation , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , CD28 Antigens/metabolism , Cytokines/metabolism , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Down-Regulation , H-2 Antigens/metabolism , Interleukin-2/pharmacology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Transgenic , Models, Biological , Molecular Sequence Data , Oligopeptides/chemistry , Oligopeptides/immunology , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics , Signal Transduction
8.
Infect Immun ; 64(1): 215-21, 1996 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8557342

ABSTRACT

The role of gamma delta T cells in the immunopathology of Chagas' disease is evaluated by monitoring the course of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice lacking gamma delta T cells after disruption of the T-cell receptor C delta locus. Levels of parasitemia, states of lymphocyte activation, and levels of lymphokine production as well as tissue pathology are compared in delta knockout mice and their littermates in acute and chronic phases of infection. Although the levels of circulating parasites do not significantly differ in the two groups, mortality scores and numbers of inflammatory lesions of skeletal and cardiac muscles are lower in gamma delta T cell-deficient m ice than in littermate controls. Furthermore, polyclonal lymphocyte activation, as measured by proliferative activities and numbers of B- and T-cell blasts in the spleen, are reduced in deficient mice in the acute and chronic phases of infection. Levels of gamma interferon mRNA obtained from total spleen cells, known to be a critical lymphokine in resistance to T. cruzi infection, are significantly higher in uninfected gamma delta T cell-deficient mice than in control animals and slightly above levels for littermates in the course of acute infection. Interestingly, however, in chronic phases, the levels of this lymphokine are not statistically different between the two groups of mice. These results indicate that gamma delta T cells do not play a crucial role in parasite clearance during the acute phase of the disease but contribute to the mechanisms leading to tissue damage and pathology.


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease/immunology , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/deficiency , T-Lymphocytes/immunology , Acute-Phase Reaction , Animals , Base Sequence , Chagas Disease/blood , Chagas Disease/mortality , Chagas Disease/pathology , Disease Susceptibility , Interferon-gamma/genetics , Lymphocyte Activation , Mice , Mice, Knockout , Molecular Sequence Data , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Myocardium/pathology , RNA, Messenger/analysis , Spleen/chemistry , Splenomegaly
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