ABSTRACT
Trichophyton benhamiae is a zoonotic dermatophyte that can cause tinea corporis, tinea faciei and tinea capitis, producing inflammatory lesions, especially in children. In this publication, we describe 7clinical cases of pediatric patients that occurred in our institution between July 2019 and January 2020. All patients underwent a conventional mycological study. The identification of fungi isolates was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and sequencing of the ribosomal DNA. T. benhamiae was identified as the etiological agent, whose epidemiological link in all cases was the contact with Guinea pigs. This is the first description of infections caused by T. benhamiae in Argentina. This dermatophyte can be misidentified as other more frequent dermatophytes when performing conventional studies. Molecular technology should be used to reach a definitive diagnosis. It is important to have epidemiological data from patients such as contact with non-traditional pets, especially Guinea pigs, for an adequate presumptive diagnosis of this dermatophytosis.
Subject(s)
Arthrodermataceae , Tinea , Animals , Argentina/epidemiology , Arthrodermataceae/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal , Guinea Pigs , Tinea/diagnosis , Tinea/epidemiology , Tinea/veterinary , Trichophyton/geneticsABSTRACT
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease of the skin with significant pruritus and phases of exacerbation and remission. The hallmarks of AD are changes in the epithelial barrier and chronic inflammation. This condition is associated with an increased risk of developing mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. It has been proposed that psychological stress may impact on immunological factors with an up-regulation of mediating neuropeptides at the level of central nervous system and secondary involvement of endocrine glands, peripheral nervous system, and immune resident skin cells. This article provides a concise review for dermatologists on the psychodermatology of AD, in order to highlight the putative common pathways between the dermatologic and mental health issues in this illness.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Atopic , Anxiety/etiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology , Dermatologists , Humans , Pruritus/complications , Suicidal IdeationABSTRACT
Congenital candidiasis infection often presents as a skin rash with variable involvement of nails and mucous membranes. Isolated nail involvement is rare, may present late, and can often be managed with topical antifungal medication. We report a case of congenital candidiasis limited to the fingernails that resolved completely within 3 months with topical treatment.
Subject(s)
Candidiasis, Cutaneous/congenital , Hand Dermatoses/microbiology , Nails, Malformed/congenital , Onychomycosis/microbiology , Administration, Topical , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Candidiasis, Cutaneous/microbiology , Clotrimazole/administration & dosage , Female , Hand Dermatoses/congenital , Hand Dermatoses/drug therapy , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/drug therapy , Nails, Malformed/drug therapy , Onychomycosis/congenital , Onychomycosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
El síndrome estafilocócico de la piel escaldada (SEPE) es una enfermedad cutánea aguda infrecuente, causada por toxinas exfoliativas del Staphylococcus aureus. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de SEPE en nuestro medio.Material y métodos.Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y observacional, en el que se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de SEPE vistos entre mayo de 2000 y mayo de 2010, atendidos en la Sección de Dermatología Pediátrica del Hospital Ramos Mejía, y entre mayo de 2005 y mayo de 2010 en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Alemán.Resultados.Se incluyó un total de 62 pacientes, cuya edad media al momento del diagnóstico fue de 22 meses. No se observó predilección por sexo ni estación del año. El 13% de los pacientes recibió corticoides sistémicos previo al diagnóstico de SEPE. Todos los pacientes excepto uno, realizaron tratamiento antibiótico luego del diagnóstico de esta entidad. El 92% recibió cefalosporinas de primera generación. El 23% de los pacientes requirió internación y el 100% evolucionó satisfactoriamente.Conclusiones.El SEPE es una entidad poco frecuente. Si bien en nuestro medio no hallamos datos epidemiológicos sobre esta entidad, los datos demográficos encontrados en este estudio difieren de los publicados en la literatura mundial. Debe sospecharse en recién nacidos y niños pequeños con eritrodermia aguda y afectación peribucal o conjuntival.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a rare cutaneous disease caused by exfoliativetoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology, clinicalmanifestations and treatment of patients with the diagnosis of SSSS in our community.Methods. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and observational study, reviewing the clinicalrecords of patients with a diagnosis of SSSS, as seen between May 2000 and May 2010 atthe Pediatric Dermatology Section of the Hospital Ramos Mejía, and between May 2005 and May2010 at the Dermatology Unit of the Hospital Alemán.Results. A total of 62 patients were included, whose average age at the time of diagnosis was22 months. No predilection for sex or season of the year was observed. Thirteen percent of thepatients received systemic steroids prior to SSSS diagnosis. All but one of the patients received antibiotictreatment after the diagnosis of this entity. First generation cephaloporins were given to92% of patients; 23% of them required hospitalization and all of them had a satisfactory outcome.Discussion. SSSS is an infrequent entity. Even though there are no epidemiological studies inour country concerning SSSS, the data we gathered differs with world-wide published literature.SSSS must be suspected in new-borns and in young children with an acute onset of erythroderma,perioral affectation and conjunctivitis.
Subject(s)
Male , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child , Female , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Exfoliatins , Skin/microbiology , Skin/pathology , Staphylococcus aureusABSTRACT
Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma is a rare entity characterized histologically by the combination of proliferative eccrine and vascular elements. It generally arises before puberty, as solitary or multiple lesions, with a heterogeneous clinical appearance, affecting predominantly the distal extremities, with or without associated pain or hyperhidrosis. It may require surgical treatment due to cosmetic concern, progressive enlargement or the presence of pain or excessive hyperhidrosis. We report five congenital cases of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, emphasizing a clinically uncommon tumor-like appearance, with numerous telangiectasias on their surfaces resembling vascular lesions, in two of them.
Subject(s)
Eccrine Glands/pathology , Hamartoma/congenital , Sweat Gland Diseases/congenital , Female , Hamartoma/pathology , Humans , Infant , Male , Sweat Gland Diseases/pathology , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/congenital , Sweat Gland Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Phacomatosis pigmentovascularis is a rare genodermatosis characterized by a combination of melanocytic nevi and vascular malformations. A new type of phacomatosis pigmentovascularis was recently described which included cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and aberrant Mongolian spots and was named type V. We report a 3-month-old girl with diagnosis of phacomatosis pigmentovascularis type V.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Mongolian Spot/diagnosis , Neurocutaneous Syndromes/congenital , Neurocutaneous Syndromes/diagnosis , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , InfantABSTRACT
We report a 10-month-old boy with inflammatory and necrotic gingival lesions, fever, irritability, and pseudoparalysis of the legs. Laboratory examinations revealed moderate anemia and skeletal X-rays showed osteopenia, scorbutic rosary at the costochondral junctions, and "corner sign" on the proximal metaphyses of the femora. The boy had been fed only with diluted cow's milk. He had never taken solid food, vitamin C, or iron complement. Seventy-two hours after starting oral vitamin C supplementation, there was significant improvement in the patient's gingival lesions and general health. The clinical presentation and laboratory and imaging findings, together with the dramatic response to ascorbic acid intake, allowed us to confirm the diagnosis of infantile scurvy. Scurvy, a dietary disease due to the deficient intake of vitamin C, is uncommon in the pediatric population. In an infant who has never received vitamin C, the combination of gingival lesions, pseudoparalysis, and irritability strongly suggests a diagnosis of scurvy. The clinical picture, together with the laboratory data, radiological studies, and therapeutic response to vitamin C administration, confirmed the diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Scurvy/diagnosis , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Folic Acid/therapeutic use , Humans , Infant , Iron/therapeutic use , Male , Scurvy/drug therapy , Vitamin D/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis is a self-limited disease characterized by painful erythematous papules and nodules of abrupt onset on the soles, and less frequently on the palms, of young individuals in good health. We describe seven children, four girls and three boys, between 4 and 12 years of age, with characteristic cutaneous and histopathologic findings of palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis. All patients had complete resolution of their lesions within 2-4 weeks without treatment, however, one child experienced recurrences. All skin biopsy specimens showed a deep dermal mixed infiltrate with abundant neutrophils surrounding eccrine sweat glands, the histologic hallmark of the disease. Palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis is a distinct clinical entity in which physical activity, excessive sweating, and prolonged wetness are possible triggering factors. The regression of the lesions is usually rapid, with complete clearance after 1 month, although there may be recurrent episodes.
Subject(s)
Foot Diseases/pathology , Hidradenitis/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Recurrence , Remission, SpontaneousABSTRACT
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystem disorder with varying clinical expression. We describe an instance of facial nerve paralysis in a patient with KD. A 5-month-old boy developed fever, irritability, and diarrhea, treated 8 days later with cefaclor and ibuprofen. Three days later a confluent, erythematous and papular rash appeared, his lips were reddened and swollen, and his white blood count and platelet count were 20,900/mm(3) and 558,000/mm(3), respectively. He was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of KD, and an echocardiogram showed a right coronary aneurysm. The patient then developed an acute, right-sided, facial nerve peripheral paralysis that resolved over the next 6 weeks. He was treated with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) 2 g/kg and aspirin 100 mg/kg/day with improvement of signs and symptoms. This report documents facial nerve paralysis as an uncommon complication of KD and points out that it may be a marker of increased risk of cardiovascular disease in this disorder.
Subject(s)
Facial Paralysis/etiology , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnosis , Coronary Aneurysm/complications , Coronary Aneurysm/diagnosis , Coronary Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Aneurysm/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Humans , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Infant , Male , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/diagnostic imaging , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/drug therapy , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/pathologyABSTRACT
Se presentan dos pacientes con exantema periflexural asimétrico de la infancia. Esta entidad de descripción reciente, se presenta como un exantema escarlatiniforme o eccematoso que comienza en axila y se extiende centrífugamente hacia tronco y miembro superior homolateral. Puede ser pruriginoso y acompañarse de adenopatías regionales. Su aparición estacional, epidémica, y la edad de los pacientes afectados hablarían a favor de una posible etiología viral (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Exanthema/diagnosis , Axilla/injuries , Dermatitis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
Se presentan dos pacientes con exantema periflexural asimétrico de la infancia. Esta entidad de descripción reciente, se presenta como un exantema escarlatiniforme o eccematoso que comienza en axila y se extiende centrífugamente hacia tronco y miembro superior homolateral. Puede ser pruriginoso y acompañarse de adenopatías regionales. Su aparición estacional, epidémica, y la edad de los pacientes afectados hablarían a favor de una posible etiología viral
