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1.
Aten Primaria ; 34(4): 178-85, 2004 Sep 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15388065

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of various factors on the efficiency of drug prescription by general practitioners (GPs). DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. SETTING: Primary care in Murcia, Cartagena, and Lorca, in which 535 GPs work in the care of 921,281 people. Murcia Region (Spain).Participants. Prescriptions issued by the 288 GPs who were working constantly and continuously in May-June 1998 and who were away from work for no longer than 10% of the time (53.8%). MAIN MEASUREMENTS: We measured their efficiency with two general indicators--potential saving (PS) and prescription of generics (PG)--and 3 specific indicators: efficiency of prescription of omeprazole (EO), enalapril (EE), and ranitidine (ER). We analysed their relationship with structural-organisational factors and with the population attended, the doctor and his/her action. Bivariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were used. RESULTS: There was an association with programmed consultation (PC); a weak inverse relationship with age of doctor, years qualified, pensioners allocated, case load and inter-consultations conducted; and a direct correlation with the length of the consultation. PG was related to rural environment, being non-permanent, specialist in family medicine, belonging to a primary care team. In the multivariate analysis PC was related to all the indicators: PS (OR=1.96), PG (OR=2.10), EO (OR=2.63), ER (OR=2.84), EE (OR=2.06); and the inter-consultations conducted with general efficiency of PS (OR=1.70), PG (OR=1.91). Rural environment was the worst for PS (OR=2.43). CONCLUSIONS: The main factors related to the efficiency of GPs prescription can be changed. The most important is the existence of PC. A lot of inter-consultations and working in a rural environment means worse general efficiency.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Family Practice/statistics & numerical data , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Prescriptions/economics , Drug Utilization/economics , Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data , Family Practice/economics , Family Practice/standards , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Primary Health Care/economics
2.
Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 20(3): 96-104, abr. 2003. graf, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21693

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar el uso de antihipertensivos en Atención Primaria en el período comprendido entre 1999 y 2001 y valorar la introducción de los antagonistas de los receptores de la angiotensina II (ARA-II).Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo. Se seleccionaron todas las prescripciones de antihipertensivos mediante recetas de la Seguridad Social en la gerencia de Atención Primaria de Murcia. Las fuentes de datos fueron las cintas de facturación mensual de recetas de la Seguridad Social, nomenclator digitalis de noviembre de 2001, bases de datos de médicos y población con tarjeta sanitaria. Los resultados se expresan en dosis diaria definida (DDD) por 1.000 habitantes y día (DHD).Resultados. El consumo de antihipertensivos se incrementó de 161,7 DHD en 1999 a 183,22 en 2001 (13,3 por ciento).Las prescripciones de antihipertensivos supusieron el 11,67 por ciento del total de recetas. Los fármacos más utilizados fueron los inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (IECA) (28 por ciento de las DHD totales) y los de mayor crecimiento los ARA-II (incremento del 108 por ciento).Aunque en 2001 los IECA duplicaron a los ARA-II en DHD, el consumo por precio de venta al público (PVP) fue prácticamente el mismo. El uso de diuréticos y betabloqueantes fue del 12,3 por ciento y 8,8 por ciento, respectivamente, en DHD. El fármaco más consumido en todo el período fue enalapril, seguido a distancia por amlodipino, captopril, atenolol y valsartán en 2001.Conclusiones. Los antihipertensivos mantienen una tendencia ascendente de consumo determinada por el incremento de ARA-II. Los IECA continúan siendo los más prescritos y los diuréticos y betabloqueantes probablemente estén infrautilizados. El incremento de ARA-II ha originado un cambio cualitativo en la terapéutica antihipertensiva: se ha detenido la tendencia ascendente de los IECA y se ha incrementado el coste del tratamiento. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Primary Health Care , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Self Medication
3.
Aten Primaria ; 29(9): 575-9, 2002 May 31.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12061991

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of a system of personalised prescription information (PPI) to improve prescription habits of family doctors (FD); to examine how useful PPI is in maintaining these habits, and to analyse its influence through factors of the doctor and his/her environment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive pilot study to analyse conditioning factors and possible confusion; quasi-experimental intervention study to assess the effectiveness of PPI, with two groups (experimental and control) and 4 determinations (before the PPI and after: short, medium and long-term).Setting. Family doctors in the Murcia Region. SUBJECTS OF STUDY: The prescriptions of all family doctors in the Murcia region which started before PPI and which continued until the end of the study and without absences of over 10% at each measurement.Intervention. The family doctors from the Murcia city area formed the experimental group: they received PPI with specific proposals for improvement. The FDs of Cartagena and Lorca, who did not receive PPI, made up the control group. Statistical analysis. Logistical regression to identify conditioning factors. Z comparison of proportions contrasted with one-tail hypothesis to check the effectiveness of PPI. LIMITATIONS OF THE DESIGN: Non-randomised allocation to groups made comparison difficult: conditioning factors for stratification or adjustment were studied. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Confirmation of PPI s effectiveness justifies its dissemination. If there is no such confirmation, it will have to be perfected. Isolating the factors conditioning prescription that can be modified helps find ways to improve PPI.


Subject(s)
Drug Information Services , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Family Practice , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Humans , Logistic Models , Pilot Projects , Quality of Health Care , Spain
4.
Aten Primaria ; 29(7): 397-406, 2002 Apr 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12031234

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and improve generic drug prescription by family physicians in a regional primary care district with a specially-designed intervention. DESIGN: Uncontrolled study of an intervention, based quality evaluation and improvement methods. We selected an indicator that could be constructed with the available data (monthly reports of prescriptions dispensed through the public national health system) and determined the proportion of prescriptions for generic drugs to the total number of prescriptions dispensed, for those medications that had a generic alternative (percentage of generic prescriptions, PGP). After these data were evaluated, an intervention was implemented to increase generic prescriptions. Prescribing behavior was again evaluated and monitored at the end of the intervention period. Setting. Forty-five primary care teams in the Murcia (Southeast Spain) regional primary care district. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 339 family physicians. Interventions. During 15 months, individual reports of prescribing practices, in which changes over time were graphed, were sent to each participating prescriber. Each semester the physicians received a personal letter and a specially-printed, updated card showing the generic medications available and their pharmaceutical forms. One to three face-to-face clinical outreach sessions were held with each primary care team. Specific prescribing goals for the PGP were set and incentives to attain the goals were included in the terms of the contract for clinical services signed between the regional office of primary care management and each primary care team. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The PGP increased from a pre-intervention rate of 2.7% to a post-intervention rate of 17.63%. Absolute improvement was therefore 14.84%, and relative improvement was 15.27%. Variability was monitored and analyzed with control charts. There was no significant variability within the pre- and post-intervention phases, whereas variability increased significantly (indicating improvement) during the intervention phase. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in PGP showed that prescribing for generic preparations improved. Statistical quality control tests were useful in evaluating and tracking the results of the intervention, and were indispensable for monitoring and promptly detecting opportunities to improve prescribing behavior and take appropriate measures.


Subject(s)
Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Drug Prescriptions/standards , Drugs, Generic , Family Practice
5.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 29(9): 575-579, mayo 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12729

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Evaluar la efectividad de un sistema de información personalizada de prescripción (IPP) en la mejora de los hábitos de prescripción de los médicos de familia (MF); conocer su utilidad para mantener estos hábitos, y analizar su influencia por factores del médico y su entorno. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, previo para analizar factores condicionantes y de confusión; estudio de intervención cuasiexperimental para valorar la efectividad del IPP, con 2 grupos (experimental y control) y 4 determinaciones (antes del IPP y después: corto, medio y largo plazo).Emplazamiento. MF de la Región de Murcia. Sujetos de estudio. Prescripciones de todos los MF de la Región de Murcia existentes antes del IPP, que continúan hasta finalizar el estudio y sin ausencias superiores al 10 por ciento en cada medición. Formación de los grupos. Intervención: los MF de la Gerencia de Murcia formarán el grupo experimental; reciben el IPP con propuestas específicas de mejora. Los MF de Cartagena y Lorca no reciben el IPP y constituyen el grupo control. Análisis estadístico. Regresión logística para identificar factores condicionantes. Z de comparación de proporciones con contraste de hipótesis unilateral para comprobar la efectividad del IPP. Limitaciones del diseño. La no asignación aleatoria de los grupos dificulta su comparabilidad: se estudian factores condicionantes para estratificación o ajuste. Aplicabilidad práctica. Confirmar la efectividad del IPP justifica su difusión. No hacerlo obligará a perfeccionarlo. Aislar factores modificables condicionantes de la prescripción ayuda a actuar para mejorar (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Information Services , Family Practice , Spain , Logistic Models , Pilot Projects , Quality of Health Care , Drug Prescriptions , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical
6.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 29(7): 397-406, abr. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12696

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Evaluar y mejorar la prescripción de medicamentos genéricos por los médicos de familia de una gerencia de atención primaria (GAP) mediante un programa de intervención. Diseño. Estudio de intervención no controlado, basado en la metodología de evaluación y mejora de la calidad. Seleccionamos un indicador capaz de ser construido con los datos disponibles (cinta de facturación), eligiendo la proporción de genéricos prescritos sobre el total de envases en que existe alternativa genérica (PPEFG).Evaluamos, diseñamos una intervención para mejorar, reevaluamos y monitorizamos. Emplazamiento. Cuarenta y cinco EAP de la GAP de Murcia. Participantes. Un total de 339 médicos de familia. Intervenciones. Realizadas durante 15 meses, fueron: remisión de informe mensual personalizado mostrando la evolución del PPEFG mediante gráficos de desarrollo; edición y entrega personalizada semestral de una tarjeta con los medicamentos genéricos disponibles y sus presentaciones; realización de 1-3 sesiones/EAP, e inclusión de un objetivo en PPEFG explícito e incentivado en los contratos de gestión. Mediciones y resultados principales. El PPEFG preintervención fue del 2,79 por ciento y el postintervención de un 17,63 por ciento. La mejora absoluta es del 14,84 por ciento y la relativa de un 15,27 por ciento. Se ha monitorizado y analizado la variabilidad mediante gráficos de control. No se detecta variabilidad significativa en las fases pre y postintervención y sí (hacia la mejora) durante la intervención. Conclusiones. Ha mejorado la prescripción de genéricos medida en PPEFG. Las técnicas de control estadístico de la calidad aplicadas son útiles en la evaluación y seguimiento de la intervención e imprescindibles para monitorizar, detectar precozmente oportunidades de mejora y actuar en consecuencia. (AU)


Subject(s)
Drugs, Generic , Drug Prescriptions , Family Practice
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