ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The neuropsychological assessment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may be diagnostically useful to provide a patient's cognitive profile, to observe the spread of the deficit and to identify the peculiar areas that are more or less affected, in order to plan a long-term management and treatment. CLINICAL CASE: In this article, we present a case of cognitive dysfunction associated with a progressive MS in a 54 years woman, which was diagnosed six years ago. The magnetic resonance imaging showed demyelinating lesions at the periventricular region, with left predominance, and in the protuberance with signs of cortico-subcortical atrophy. We performed neuropsychological assessment of the main cognitive areas: orientation, attention, information processing, memory, general intelligence functioning, language, arithmetic, visual-spatial functioning, motor, executive functioning and personality. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained point out serious alterations in the information speed processing, long term memory, motor, executive functioning and personality. This results go in a concordant way with the results reported in the consulted bibliography. Likewise, it is commented the resemblance of the cognitive deficit related to a pattern of subcortical dementia.
Subject(s)
Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/etiology , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Neuropsychological Tests , Affect/physiology , Brain/pathology , Demyelinating Diseases/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Middle Aged , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Introducción. La evaluación neuropsicológica de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM) puede ser diagnósticamente útil para facilitar un perfil cognitivo del enfermo, apreciar la extensión del déficit, e identificar las áreas particulares en las que existe mayor o menor afectación de cara a plantear su tratamiento a largo plazo.Caso clínico. En este artículo se presenta un caso de disfunción cognitiva asociada a un cuadro de EM progresiva, en una mujer 54 años diagnosticada hace seis años. En la resonancia magnética se apreciaron imágenes compatibles con lesiones desmielinizantes en región periventricular de predominio izquierdo y en la protuberancia, con signos de atrofia córtico-subcortical. Se practicó una exploración neuropsicológica que abordaba el funcionamiento de las principales áreas cognitivas de la paciente: orientación, atención, procesamiento de la información, memoria, funcionamiento intelectual general, lenguaje, aritmética, funcionamiento visuoespacial, motor, función ejecutiva y personalidad. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos revelan alteraciones graves en la velocidad de procesamiento de la información, memoria a largo plazo, función motora, ejecutiva y personalidad. Estos resultados se orientan en una dirección concordante con los comunicados en la bibliografía consultada sobre los perfiles cognitivos en el trastorno objeto de este estudio. Asimismo, se comenta la semejanza del perfil de déficit cognitivo apreciado en la EM con un cuadro de demencia subcortical (AU)
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Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Neuropsychological Tests , Multiple Sclerosis , Cognition Disorders , Demyelinating Diseases , Affect , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Severity of Illness Index , TelencephalonABSTRACT
In this paper, an organic personality disorder case by penetrating brain injury, predominantly localized in the right frontal lobe, is presented. Neuropsychological and neuroimaging (CT scan studies) were performed. We assessed the main cognitive aspect: orientation, attention, memory, intelligence, language, visual-spatial functioning, motor functioning, executive functioning and personality. The results obtained, point out disorders in the patient's behavior and in the executive functions. Likewise, other cognitive functions as: attention, memory, language and visual-spatial functioning, show specific deficits.
