Environment, lifestyle behavior and health-related quality of life in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors of extracranial malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Childhood cancer is a chronic disease with high survival rates. Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) can still face health effects later in their lives. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the factors that modify it allow CCS and their families to improve care in the long-term follow-up. This study aims to: (1) examine the differences in HRQoL between CCS of extracranial malignancies and a comparison group, and (2) explore the clinical, environmental and lifestyles factors implicated in the HRQoL of CCS. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study with a case vs. non-case comparison, the HRQoL of 117 CCS between 8 and 18 years old was compared with healthy non-cases paired by sex and age. The Pediatric Environmental History (PEHis) was applied to obtain information on sociodemographic, clinical, environmental and lifestyle factors. The PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales questionnaire was used to evaluate HRQoL. RESULTS: In the multivariate analysis among the CCS, the following variables were significantly associated with HRQoL: Poor outdoor air quality (Total, Psychosocial, Emotional, Social and School domains); household income (Total, Psychosocial and School domains); and the presence of late effects (Total, Physical, Psychosocial, and Social domains); regular contact with nature (Physical domain); and the daily hours of screen-time (Emotional domain). CCS present HRQoL results superior to the non-cases group in the physical domain (86.10 vs. 80.34; p=0.001), finding no differences in the other domains evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: An environmental and community health approach, such as PEHis, in CCS long-term programs promoting the creation of healthier environments and lifestyles contributes to improving their HRQoL and secondarily other chronic diseases.

Yatrogenia tras la técnica de punción lumbar. Estudio de prevalencia de cefalea y factores asociados / Iatrogenic after spinal puncture technique. Prevalence study of headache and associated factors

Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia existente de cefalea tras practicar una punción lumbar transdural y los factores de riesgo. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional prospectivo de cohortes. Se reclutaron pacientes del Servicio de Urgencias, del Servicio de Neurología y del Hospital de Día. Se recogió la experiencia del facultativo, el número de punciones, la variación de plano, la postura del paciente, el anestésico local, el calibre y bisel de la aguja, los grados de inclinación, la cantidad de líquido, la sobrecarga de fluido terapia y la indicación o no de reposo tras la punción. Tras 48 horas, se estableció la aparición o no de cefalea. Resultados. Muestra de 59 pacientes, 31 (52,5%) de ellos hombres. Edad media: 47 años; 32 (54,2%) procedentes de Urgencias, 18 (30,5%) de Neurología y 9 (15,3%) del Hospital de Día. Hubo 41 (69,5%) en decúbito lateral y 7 (11,9%) en sedestación. Todos con agujas biseladas, 21 (35,6%) del calibre 20 y 38 (64,4%) del calibre 22. Sin reposo estuvieron 8 (13,56%) pacientes y 18 (33,3%) sin sobrecarga de fluidos. Veintitrés (38,98%) con cefalea pos punción lumbar, 12 (52,2%) mujeres, con una edad media de 38,3 ± 16,4 años. La mediana de intensidad de la cefalea fue de 2,6. El tiempo medio de aparición fue de siete horas. Sin diferencias para ninguno de los factores estudiados, salvo la tendencia observada de mayor incidencia de cefalea a menor edad. Conclusiones. La cefalea pospuncion lumbar en nuestra serie es elevada, sin diferencias según el servicio donde se practica o la experiencia. Tampoco influye la cantidad de líquido extraído, la posición del paciente, la indicación de reposo o la sobrecarga de fluidos (AU)

Aim. To determine the prevalence of headache following a transdural lumbar puncture and the risk factors involved. Patients and methods. The method used was a prospective observation-based cohort study. Patients were recruited from the A&E Department, Neurology Service and Day Care Clinic. The following data were collected: physician’s experience, number of punctures, variations in the plane, patient’s posture, local anaesthetic, needle calibre and bevel, degrees of inclination, amount of liquid, fluid overload and whether or not rest is indicated after the puncture. After 48 hours, the appearance of headache (or not) was determined. Results. The sample consisted of 59 patients, 31 (52.5%) of whom were males. Mean age: 47 years; 32 patients (54.2%) came from A&E, 18 (30.5%) from Neurology and 9 (15.3%) from the Day Care Clinic. Forty-one (69.5%) received the lumbar puncture in a lateral decubitus position and 7 (11.9%) in a seated position. All the needles were bevelled, 21 (35.6%) with a calibre of 20 and 3 (64.4%) of calibre 22. Eight patients (13.56%) were without repose and 18 (33.3%) had no fluid overload. Twenty-three (38.98%) had post-lumbar-puncture headache, 12 (52.2%) of them females, with a mean age of 38.3 ± 16.4 years. The median of the headache intensity was 2.6. The mean time of appearance was seven hours. There were no differences for any of the factors studied, except the observed tendency towards a higher incidence of headache at younger ages. Conclusions. Rates of post-lumbar-puncture headache in our series are high, and no differences were found in terms of the service where it was performed or experience. No influence was observed due to the amount of liquid extracted, the patient’s position, the indication of repose or fluid overload (AU)

[Iatrogenic after spinal puncture technique. Prevalence study of headache and associated factors]. / Yatrogenia tras la tecnica de puncion lumbar. Estudio de prevalencia de cefalea y factores asociados.

AIM: To determine the prevalence of headache following a transdural lumbar puncture and the risk factors involved. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The method used was a prospective observation-based cohort study. Patients were recruited from the A and E Department, Neurology Service and Day Care Clinic. The following data were collected: physician's experience, number of punctures, variations in the plane, patient's posture, local anaesthetic, needle calibre and bevel, degrees of inclination, amount of liquid, fluid overload and whether or not rest is indicated after the puncture. After 48 hours, the appearance of headache (or not) was determined. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 59 patients, 31 (52.5%) of whom were males. Mean age: 47 years; 32 patients (54.2%) came from A and E, 18 (30.5%) from Neurology and 9 (15.3%) from the Day Care Clinic. Forty-one (69.5%) received the lumbar puncture in a lateral decubitus position and 7 (11.9%) in a seated position. All the needles were bevelled, 21 (35.6%) with a calibre of 20 and 38 (64.4%) of calibre 22. Eight patients (13.56%) were without repose and 18 (33.3%) had no fluid overload. Twenty-three (38.98%) had post-lumbar-puncture headache, 12 (52.2%) of them females, with a mean age of 38.3 ± 16.4 years. The median of the headache intensity was 2.6. The mean time of appearance was seven hours. There were no differences for any of the factors studied, except the observed tendency towards a higher incidence of headache at younger ages. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of post-lumbar-puncture headache in our series are high, and no differences were found in terms of the service where it was performed or experience. No influence was observed due to the amount of liquid extracted, the patient's position, the indication of repose or fluid overload.

TITLE: Yatrogenia tras la tecnica de puncion lumbar. Estudio de prevalencia de cefalea y factores asociados.Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia existente de cefalea tras practicar una puncion lumbar transdural y los factores de riesgo. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio observacional prospectivo de cohortes. Se reclutaron pacientes del Servicio de Urgencias, del Servicio de Neurologia y del Hospital de Dia. Se recogio la experiencia del facultativo, el numero de punciones, la variacion de plano, la postura del paciente, el anestesico local, el calibre y bisel de la aguja, los grados de inclinacion, la cantidad de liquido, la sobrecarga de fluidoterapia y la indicacion o no de reposo tras la puncion. Tras 48 horas, se establecio la aparicion o no de cefalea. Resultados. Muestra de 59 pacientes, 31 (52,5%) de ellos hombres. Edad media: 47 años; 32 (54,2%) procedentes de Urgencias, 18 (30,5%) de Neurologia y 9 (15,3%) del Hospital de Dia. Hubo 41 (69,5%) en decubito lateral y 7 (11,9%) en sedestacion. Todos con agujas biseladas, 21 (35,6%) del calibre 20 y 38 (64,4%) del calibre 22. Sin reposo estuvieron 8 (13,56%) pacientes y 18 (33,3%) sin sobrecarga de fluidos. Veintitres (38,98%) con cefalea pospuncion lumbar, 12 (52,2%) mujeres, con una edad media de 38,3 ± 16,4 años. La mediana de intensidad de la cefalea fue de 2,6. El tiempo medio de aparicion fue de siete horas. Sin diferencias para ninguno de los factores estudiados, salvo la tendencia observada de mayor incidencia de cefalea a menor edad. Conclusiones. La cefalea pospuncion lumbar en nuestra serie es elevada, sin diferencias segun el servicio donde se practica o la experiencia. Tampoco influye la cantidad de liquido extraido, la posicion del paciente, la indicacion de reposo o la sobrecarga de fluidos.