ABSTRACT
This laboratory study evaluated Er:YAG laser antibacterial action in infected root canals. Forty-eight maxillary central incisors were used. After canal preparation, the teeth were autoclaved and divided into four groups: (1) non-treated teeth (control group); (2) teeth treated with NaOCl; (3) teeth irradiated with Er:YAG laser (7 Hz, 100 mJ, 80 pulses/canal, 11 sec) to the working length; (4) teeth irradiated similarly to, but 3 mm short, of the apex. The root canals from Groups 2, 3 and 4 were inoculated with 4 bacteria: Bacillus subtillus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, together with Candida albicans, and maintained for 24 h at 37 degrees C. All suspensions were adjusted to tube 2 of the MacFarland scale. The intracanal material was then collected with sterile paper points, which were placed in the canals for 5 min and then immersed in 5 ml of BHI medium. This was then seeded onto agar and stained by Gram's method. The NaOCl solutions and the Er:YAG laser irradiation to working length were effective against all five micro-organisms; however, 70% of the specimens irradiated 3 mm short of the apex remained infected.
Subject(s)
Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Disinfection/methods , Laser Therapy , Root Canal Irrigants/therapeutic use , Sodium Hypochlorite/therapeutic use , Aluminum Silicates , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Bacillus subtilis/radiation effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida albicans/radiation effects , Colony Count, Microbial , Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects , Enterococcus faecalis/radiation effects , Erbium , Humans , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/radiation effects , Root Canal Preparation , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/radiation effects , Tooth Apex/microbiology , YttriumABSTRACT
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of Er:YAG laser on adhesion to human dentin of Grossman, Endomethasone, N-Rickert, and Sealer 26 root canal sealers. The crowns of 40 human molars were cut on the occlusal side until a flat dentin surface was obtained. The teeth were divided into two groups: group 1, no laser application; and group 2, irradiation with Er:YAG laser (KaVo Key Laser 2; 11 mm focal distance, perpendicular to the dentin surface, 4 Hz frequency, 200 mJ energy, 62 J total energy and 313 pulses, 1-min application time, and 2.25 W power). Five samples were tested for each sealer and each group. An Instron universal testing machine was used for the adhesion test. Sealer 26 showed the best adhesion both with and without laser application (p < 0.01). Grossman and N-Rickert sealers had intermediate values, and Endomethasone had the worst adhesion. Application of Er:YAG laser did not alter the adhesion of Grossman, N-Rickert, or Endomethasone sealers. However, laser application increased the adhesion of Sealer 26. The epoxy resin-based root canal sealer (Sealer 26) adhered better to dentin prepared with and without Er:YAG laser than the zinc oxide/eugenol-based sealers (Endomethasone, N-Rickert, and Grossman).
Subject(s)
Administration, Topical , Dental Bonding , Dentin-Bonding Agents , Hydrocortisone , Lasers , Root Canal Filling Materials , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Thymol/analogs & derivatives , Adhesiveness , Analysis of Variance , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Bismuth , Calcium Hydroxide , Dentin , Dexamethasone , Drug Combinations , Epoxy Resins , Erbium , Formaldehyde , Humans , Materials Testing , Molar , Smear Layer , Statistics, Nonparametric , Zinc Oxide-Eugenol CementABSTRACT
The authors present a case of periapical cemental dysplasia affecting the mandibular left canine, with vital pulp, in a 43-year-old black female patient, an occurrence that follows the classical cases found in the literature. The need of a careful history, clinical and radiographic exams and vitality tests are emphasized in order to reach the correct diagnosis of this disease
