ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hematospermia is the presence of blood in the ejaculate. Its etiology is congenital, inflammatory, infectious, obstructive, tumoral, vascular, traumatic, iatrogenic or related to systemic disease. It is a quite irritating and life-quality-disturbing condition for men. It is significant to demonstrate infectious-based hematospermia due to the fact that its treatment is easier than for other reasons. METHODS: 30 patients, having spontaneous hematospermia, were taken to our study. The serum total PSA levels of the patients were examined and microbiological examinations such as direct inspection for ejaculate, routine bacteriological and mycetes culture, Gram staining, trichrome staining and Mycoplasma hominis/Ureaplasma urealyticum culture (Mycofast Evolution 3, ELITech, France) were performed. RESULTS: Bacteria was isolated in 11 (36%) of 30 patients with hematospermia. S.aureus occurred in five patients (45.5%), U.urealyticum in three patients (27.2%) and E.coli and K.pneumoniae in one each (9.1%). U.urealyticum and S.aureus occurred together in one patient. No statistical difference of scores of National Institute of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms Index (CPSI) and serum total PSA levels between the patients with and without infection was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Hematospermia mostly affects micturition functions of young men and it can be due to infection in one-third of the cases.
Subject(s)
Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/complications , Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications , Hemospermia/microbiology , Prostatitis/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Hemospermia/diagnosis , Humans , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatitis/diagnosis , Prostatitis/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Although endometriosis is a common disease in women of reproductive age, urinary system endometriosis is an exceedingly rare disease that may cause important clinical problems. In this paper we discussed a 42-year-old woman who had urinary bladder endometriosis misdiagnosed as urinary bladder tumor in imaging modalities. The diagnosis of endometriosis was made by histopathological examination of the operative material after partial resection of the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder endometriosis causes nonspecific signs and symptoms in many patients. In female patients presenting with unexplained urinary symptoms the differential diagnosis should include urinary bladder endometriosis that may mimic urinary bladder cancer and lead to difficulties in making definitive preoperative diagnosis.
