ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate QT dispersion in the surface electrocardiogram of children with rheumatic carditis. METHODS: QT dispersion was quantitatively evaluated in 33 children with acute rheumatic carditis. As a control group, we studied 33 healthy children free of any disease. The children were eligible for participation if the following criteria were met: diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever based on the revised Jone's criteria and suffering from their first attack of carditis. The echo Doppler cardiogram was performed in all children, within 48-72 hours of hospitalisation. RESULTS: Patients with carditis had a greater QT dispersion than the control group. When we analyse the QT dispersion according to the severity of the carditis, we observed that the dispersion tended to be greater in those with more severe valvar lesion. The sensitivity and specificity of the measurements of the QT dispersion in predicting acute carditis were estimated by using receiver operating characteristic curves. A QT dispersion greater than 40 milliseconds had a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 93.9% in predicting acute rheumatic carditis. CONCLUSION: The lengthening of QT dispersion may reflect on cardiac involvement in rheumatic fever and be a new important parameter in the diagnosis and therapeutic decision for rheumatic carditis.
Subject(s)
Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Electrocardiography , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Rheumatic Heart Disease/diagnosis , Acute Disease , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Myocarditis/physiopathology , Prognosis , ROC Curve , Retrospective Studies , Rheumatic Heart Disease/physiopathology , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Comparar a tolerância ao exercício de crianças e adolescentes submetidos a teste ergométrico (TE) em esteira com os protocolos de Bruce ou em rampa, e descrever a velocidade e a inclinação alcançadas com o protocolo em rampa, para auxiliar na orientação do exercício com esse protocolo. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, tipo série de casos, com controle histórico, de 1.006 crianças e adolescentes entre 4 e 17 anos submetidos a TE entre outubro de 1986 e fevereiro de 2003, que concluíram um dos dois protocolos. Foram excluídos os que tiveram o TE interrompido por outras causas que não cansaço físico, os que estavam em uso de medicações que interferiam na freqüência cardíaca (FC) e aqueles com limitações físicas à realização do exercício. Na análise estatística dos dados foi adotado nível de significância para p < 0,05 e intervalo de confiança de 95 por cento. RESULTADOS: O tempo de exercício próximo a 10 minutos no protocolo em rampa foi significativamente maior no protocolo de Bruce. A FC máxima alcançada foi superior a 180 bpm nos dois protocolos. A inclinação foi pouco maior nas meninas mais jovens com o protocolo de Bruce, e a velocidade e o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 max) foram maiores em todas as faixas etárias nos que realizaram o protocolo em rampa. CONCLUSÃO: A velocidade e a inclinação alcançadas com o protocolo em rampa podem ser utilizadas como referência para auxiliar na orientação do exercício no TE com o protocolo em rampa, que mostrou tolerância ao esforço superior à do protocolo de Bruce.
OBJECTIVE: Compare exercise tolerance by children and adolescents submitted to treadmill stress test (TST) following Bruce Protocol (BP) or Ramp Protocol (RP), as well as describe velocity and inclination reached with ramp protocol to help set protocol exercise standards. METHODS: Observational, case-based study, with history control of 1,006 children and adolescents in the 4 to 17-year-old range who were submitted to TST between October, 1986 and February, 2003, and who concluded one of the two protocols. Those who interrupted their ET for other reasons rather than physical exhaustion, those on medication that interfered in HR and those with physical constraints to exercise were excluded. Statistical analysis of data considered p<0.05 as significance level; with confidence interval at 95 percent. RESULTS: Exercise time close to 10 minutes in RP was significantly higher than in BP. HR max reached was higher than 180 bpm in both protocols. Inclination showed to be slightly higher in younger girls in Bruce Protocol. Velocity and VO2 max showed to be higher for all age ranges for those in the Ramp Protocol. CONCLUSION: Velocity and inclination reached with ramp protocol may be used as reference to help set ramp protocol exercise, which showed superior on exertion tolerance as compared to Bruce protocol.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Clinical Protocols , Exercise Test/methods , Exercise Tolerance/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Compare exercise tolerance by children and adolescents submitted to treadmill stress test (TST) following Bruce Protocol (BP) or Ramp Protocol (RP), as well as describe velocity and inclination reached with ramp protocol to help set protocol exercise standards. METHODS: Observational, case-based study, with history control of 1,006 children and adolescents in the 4 to 17-year-old range who were submitted to TST between October, 1986 and February, 2003, and who concluded one of the two protocols. Those who interrupted their ET for other reasons rather than physical exhaustion, those on medication that interfered in HR and those with physical constraints to exercise were excluded. Statistical analysis of data considered p<0.05 as significance level; with confidence interval at 95%. RESULTS: Exercise time close to 10 minutes in RP was significantly higher than in BP. HR max reached was higher than 180 bpm in both protocols. Inclination showed to be slightly higher in younger girls in Bruce Protocol. Velocity and VO2 max showed to be higher for all age ranges for those in the Ramp Protocol. CONCLUSION: Velocity and inclination reached with ramp protocol may be used as reference to help set ramp protocol exercise, which showed superior on exertion tolerance as compared to Bruce protocol.
