ABSTRACT
The gibberellins are one of the major groups of growth promoting hormones and are secondary metabolites of the fungus Fusarium moniliforme (Perfect stage: Gibberella fujikuroi). Sixteen strains of Fusarium from different geographical regions and different hosts were analysed for their ability to produce gibberellins (GA) and for genetic relatedness by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Range of gibberellin production varied between 28.9 to 600.0 mg g(-1) dry weight of mycelium in different strains of Fusarium. RAPD analysis showed completely different pattern between high, moderate and low producing strains. High producers formed nearly identical RAPD patterns, whereas the low and moderate producers gave heterologous amplification patterns. Since Fusarium pallidoroseum was in another group, it was possible to distinguish between different species of the genus Fusarium by RAPD. These investigations may find an application in the diagnosis of unknown Fusarium species and in distinguishing isolates of Gibberella fujikuroi within the section of Liseola.
Subject(s)
DNA, Fungal/genetics , Fusarium/classification , Fusarium/genetics , Gibberellins/biosynthesis , Polymorphism, Genetic , DNA, Fungal/analysis , Fusarium/metabolism , Genetic Variation , Mycological Typing Techniques , Plants/microbiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueABSTRACT
Four new species of the hyphomycete genera Phaeoramularia viz. Ph. caesalpinae, Pseudocercospora viz., Ps. tiliacearum, Stenella, viz. S. argyreiae and S. grewiae occurring on Caesalpinia bonducella Fleming (Caesalpiniaceae), Grewia sp. (Tiliaceae), Argyrea sp. Lour (Convolvulaceae) and Grewia sp. L. (Tiliaceae), respectively are described and illustrated here. All these fungi were collected from Western Ghats of India.
Subject(s)
Mitosporic Fungi/isolation & purification , India , Mitosporic Fungi/classification , Mitosporic Fungi/cytologyABSTRACT
Ninety-five isolates belonging to the order Mucorales were collected from the vicinity of Delhi. These were derived as pure sporulating forms from various substances viz., dung, soil and compost. In all, twenty-one different species of Absidia, Cunninghamella, Mucor and Rhizopus were identified with the help of available literature (Hesseltine and Ellis 1964, 1966, Inui et al. 1965, Schipper 1978, 1984, Baijal and Mehrotra 1980 and Schipper and Stalpers 1984). Out of these, five fungi were new to India. A new species of Mucor and Rhizopus microsporus var. pseudochinensis comb. nov. is described.
Subject(s)
Feces/microbiology , Mucor/classification , Mucorales/classification , Soil Microbiology , IndiaABSTRACT
Aspergillus fumigatus Fries, acolumnaris Rai et al. (1) has been raised to a distinct epithet and four different varieties of A. fumigatus (1--2 & 6) viz. A. fumigatus Fries. var. albus Rai et al., A. fumigatus Fries. var. grisei-brunneus Rai and Singh, A. fumigatus Fries. mut. helvola Yuill and A. fumigatus Fries. var. sclerotiorum Rai et al. which were recognised by earlier workers, have also been merged into A. fumigatus.
Subject(s)
Aspergillus fumigatus/classification , Aspergillus fumigatus/cytology , Aspergillus fumigatus/physiology , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Six essential oils of Mentha arvensis, Mentha piperita, Anethum sowa, Cymbopogon winterianus, Nardostachys jatamansi, and Commiphora mukul were selected and tested for their efficacy against Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. sulphureus, Mucor fragilis, and Rhizopus stolonifer. These oils were fungistatic or fungicidal to one or the other molds, depending upon the concentrations.
