ABSTRACT
Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies were studied in lymphocytes from 45 patients with malignant lymphoma. Fifteen patients were untreated when studied. The mean SCE frequency for these patients was 8.70 +/- 0.99 per mitosis. The mean score for 35 controls was 4.37 +/- 1.19. SCE mean scores were significantly higher in the untreated patients than in the controls (p < 0.001). Nine patients were treated with radiotherapy alone. The mean SCE frequency (6.80 +/- 0.87) they demonstrated was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that found in untreated patients. Twelve patients received cyclophosphamide 1 month before the study was started. They demonstrated a mean SCE frequency (12.00 +/- 1.31) significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that found in patients who had received regimens that did not contain cyclophosphamide (9.72 +/- 1.32). From these findings we suggest that untreated patients with malignant lymphoma have elevated SCE frequencies, which may be further increased by chemotherapeutic agents.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , DNA Damage , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Hodgkin Disease/genetics , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Lymphocytes/physiology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/genetics , Sister Chromatid Exchange , Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Bleomycin/administration & dosage , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Hodgkin Disease/radiotherapy , Humans , Lomustine/administration & dosage , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapyABSTRACT
1. To assess the quantitative relation between exposure to airborne cadmium and various markers of immune function, 37 male workers were examined and compared with unexposed controls. 2. Blood cadmium concentrations were significantly higher in the exposed workers than in the unexposed, as was urine cadmium. 3. No differences in the serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) levels between two populations were observed. There was also no significant correlation between blood cadmium concentrations and serum immunoglobulin levels of both exposed and control groups, It has been found also that while monocyte counts significantly increased, lymphocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil counts remained unchanged.
Subject(s)
Cadmium/adverse effects , Immunoglobulins/blood , Leukocyte Count/drug effects , Occupational Exposure , Adult , Cadmium/blood , Cadmium/urine , Eosinophils/drug effects , Humans , Immune System/drug effects , Immunoglobulin A/blood , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Monocytes , Neutrophils , T-Lymphocytes/drug effectsABSTRACT
Either p-glycoprotein (pgp) or the encoding gene mdr1 expression has been reported to be correlated with multidrug resistance and poor treatment response. To investigate the incidence of pgp in refractory hematological neoplasms we analyzed malignant cells from 40 patients by an immunoperoxidase method using the monoclonal antibody C219. Pgp was positive in 75% of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and 50% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Pgp positivity was similarly distributed in both Tdt (-) and (+) ANLLs (64% versus 100%). Addition of Verapamil (VRP) (12 patients) or Cyclosporine A (CsA) (7 patients) to the previous chemotherapy protocol resulted in complete response in 7 (58%) and 3 (43%) of the patients respectively. Partial response was observed in one patient who received CsA. Both chemosensitizers were tolerated well with few reversible side effects. The preliminary results of this study have been presented in the 15th International Cancer Congress, August 1990 Hamburg, Germany.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carrier Proteins/genetics , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Leukemia/drug therapy , Leukemia/genetics , Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics , Verapamil/administration & dosage , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 , Adolescent , Adult , Blast Crisis , Drug Resistance/genetics , Gene Expression , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Leukemia/immunology , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology , Middle Aged , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/drug therapy , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunologyABSTRACT
The immunological status of individuals occupationally exposed to low levels of halothane and nitrous oxide has been examined and compared with that of non-exposed controls. No differences in the serum concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA, peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations between the groups were observed.
Subject(s)
Halothane/adverse effects , Immune System/drug effects , Nitrous Oxide/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure , Adult , Female , Humans , Immunoglobulins/analysis , Leukocyte Count , Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/enzymology , Acetylation , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , PhenotypeSubject(s)
Ferritins/blood , Lung Neoplasms/blood , Humans , Immunity, Cellular , Lung Neoplasms/immunology , Rosette FormationABSTRACT
N-Acetyltransferase phenotype has been determined in 109 control subjects and in 23 patients with bladder cancer. Sixty-two per cent of control, and 39% of patients with bladder cancer were phenotypically slow acetylators. This difference was not significant. N-Acetyltransferase phenotype is unlikely to be a major determinant in the development of bladder cancer in the Turkish population.
