ABSTRACT
Cervical cancer is a specific type of cancer that affects women around the world, with an incidence of 604â thousand new cases per year and 341â thousand deaths. There is a high demand for new effective antineoplastic drugs with few side effects. In this sense, recent research highlights the potential of compounds of natural origin in treating and preventing different types of cancer. Myrciaria glazioviana is a Brazilian native species belonging to the Myrtaceae family, which has previously described biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of the dichloromethane extract (MGD) and ethyl acetate extract (MGA) of M. glazioviana leaves against human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), as well as to identify their bioactive compounds. Using HPLC-HRESIMS technique, ten compounds were characterized in both samples: quinic acid, ellagic acid, Tri-O-methyl ellagic acid, two derivatives of Tetra-O-methyl flavellagic acid, quercetrin, Di-O-methyl ellagic acid, and three derivatives of pentamethyl coruleoellagic acid. Through MTT assays using HeLa cells and NIH/3T3 cells, it was observed that MGD and MGA were selective against tumor cells, with IC50 values of 24.31 and 12.62â µg/mL, respectively. The samples induced the tumor cell death by apoptosis, as evidenced by the activation of caspases 3/7, cell shrinkage, and pyknotic nuclei. Both samples were also able to inhibit the migration of HeLa cells after 24â hours of treatment, indicating a potential antimetastatic effect. Therefore, the present research highlights the antiproliferative and antimigratory potential of this species against HeLa cells.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Myrtaceae , Plant Extracts , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Humans , HeLa Cells , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Myrtaceae/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Apoptosis/drug effects , Female , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mice , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
Eugenia pyriformis, typically known as uvaia, ubaia, uvaieira, uvalha or uvalha-do-campo, is a plant representative of the Myrtaceae family. E. pyriformis decreased HeLa cells proliferation, can induce cell death and reduce cell migration that may be related to metastasis and induction of cell death by apoptosis inâ vitro assays. Its leaves are used in folk medicine for hypertension control, decreased cholesterol and uric acid, slimming, astringent, and digestive. In this work, the evaluation of the inâ vitro anticancer potential Cervical Cancer (HeLa cells) and phytochemical analysis in E. pyriformes was performed. It was possible to quantify phenolic compounds and total flavonoids and identify Chlorogenic acid, Quercetrin, and Myricitrin in this species. The crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction inhibited cell viability by 50 % in the dose of 44.42â µg/mL and 40.39â µg/mL, respectively. The induced effector caspase 3/7 activation, which results in apoptosis and the ethyl acetate fraction, decreases cell migration of cancer cell lines; it is responsible for the cleavage of several cellular proteins that will result in the classic phenotype of the apoptotic cell.
