Lipid mixtures (from a liposome kit) and melatonin improve post-thawed Angora goat sperm parameters.

Semen freezing and storing has been widely used in reproductive biotechnology, being applied to certain males of livestock breeds or animal species with economic value such as the Angora goat. The development of a semen extender with the cryoprotective agents can prevent the deterioration of sperm parameters after thawing. This study aimed to investigate lipid mixtures (from a liposome kit, Lps) and melatonin (Mel) at different doses to prevent the deterioration of sperm parameters and to provide the cryoprotective effects on sperm DNA. The Angora goat ejaculates were collected and pooled. They were divided into seven equal volumes, and each of them was diluted with the extenders of the experimental groups with additives (Lps 321.99 µg/mL, Lps 841.33 µg/mL, Mel 0.25 mM, Mel 1 mM, Lps 321.99 µg/mL + Mel 1 mM, Lps 841.33 µg/mL + Mel 0.25 mM) and no additives (control group). After the freeze-thawing process, motility, viability, acrosome integrity, DNA double-strand breaks, and abnormal DNA integrity were assessed for different extender groups. It was determined that the use of Lps alone at low dose or the combination of Lps and Mel had significant cryoprotective effects on motility, viability, acrosome integrity, and DNA damage in Angora goat sperm. This study will help us to understand the effects of Lps and Mel used alone or in combination at different doses and which doses give the optimum spermatological parameter rates following the freeze-thawing process, and hence it will shed light on further studies.

Egg yolk oil accelerates wound healing in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Impaired diabetic wound healing causes foot ulcers. We investigated egg yolk oil for skin wound healing in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Rats were allocated into three groups of six. Group 1, nondiabetic control group, was treated topically with 2% fusidic acid ointment. Group 2, STZ diabetic control, was treated topically with 2% fusidic acid ointment. Group 3, STZ diabetic group, was treated topically with egg yolk oil. Three days after STZ injection, two full thickness excisional skin wounds were created on the back of each animal. Wound diameter was measured for 14 days and wound contraction was calculated. Re-epithelization time also was determined. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on experimental day 7 and the remaining rats on day 14. Wound samples were examined using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, Masson's trichrome, Taenzer-Unna orcein and toluidine blue staining. Expression of endoglin (CD105), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Egg yolk oil increased the proliferation of epithelial cells and angiogenesis, and stimulated collagen deposition in the lesion area. Egg yolk oil increased CD105, EGF and VEGF expression in blood vessels, and EGF and VEGF expression in epidermis of the lesions. The predominant fatty acids in egg yolk oil are oleic, palmitic and linoleic, which likely were responsible for the beneficial effects of egg yolk oil on diabetic wound healing. Egg yolk oil appears to be a promising therapeutic agent for healing of diabetic wounds.

Decreasing glycerol content by co-supplementation of trehalose and taxifolin hydrate in ram semen extender: Microscopic, oxidative stress, and gene expression analyses.

This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effects of taxifolin hydrate and trehalose on the quality of frozen-thawed ram spermatozoa for the first time. Ejaculates collected from six mature rams were pooled, and divided to eight equal aliquots to extend them with different concentrations of glycerol (%5 and %3), taxifolin hydrate (10, 100, and 500 µM), and trehalose (60 mM) as eight groups (G5T0, G5T10, G5T100, G5T500, G3T0, G3T10, G3T100, and G3T500). After freeze-thawing process of cryopreservation, microscopic and oxidative stress parameters, and gene expression levels were investigated for understanding of possible impacts of taxifolin hydrate and trehalose. The study showed that G3T10 resulted in the highest post-thawed viability and mitochondrial activity. Moreover, all extenders with taxifolin hydrate reduced DNA fragmentation in comparison to G5T0, but DNA damage was prevented at the highest rate in presence of G5T10. The level of LPO significantly decreased in the groups G5T500 and G3T100, and the expression levels of NQO1, GCLC, and GSTP1 genes significantly increased in the groups G5T100, G5T500, G3T10, and G3T100 compared to the group G5T0. Finally, co-supplementation of tris-based extender having 3% glycerol with 60 mM trehalose and 10 µM taxifolin hydrate in cryopreservation extender may be recommended to improve the quality of post-thawed ram spermatozoa. However, further in vivo and in vitro studies are suggested to evaluate fertility rates of frozen-thawed ram spermatozoa co-supplemented with trehalose and taxifolin hydrate.

DNA damaging effect of paclitaxel in the epididymal sperms as a chemotherapeutic agent and possible remedies to prevent this effect: A study on reproductive potential of male cancer patients of reproductive age.

Cancer is a major public health problem, young cancer patients therefore undergo chemotherapy, and most of them may lose their fertility. DNA damage level provides important clues about the quality and reproductive potential of spermatozoa. In this study, we evaluated the levels of both DNA fragmentation and abnormal DNA integrity in the epididymal sperms of New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) after cryopreservation using the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labelling (TUNEL) assay and the toluidine blue (TB) staining methods and assessed the effects of paclitaxel, resveratrol, l-glutamine (LG), and basal medium eagle (BME) solution on DNA damage. Paclitaxel induced the levels of both DNA damages in the sperms, but resveratrol ameliorated this effect. LG and BME supplementation to the extender prevented the sperm samples from DNA fragmentation after cryopreservation. Chemotherapy drugs containing paclitaxel can cause the sperm DNA to be damaged, and hence adversely affect the fertility of male cancer patients of reproductive age. The administration of resveratrol together with paclitaxel may ameliorate the DNA damage inducing effect of paclitaxel. Sperm banking and cryopreservation with the appropriate cryoprotectants such as LG and BME prior to cancer treatment can also be suggested to all male cancer patients of reproductive age facing cancer treatment for fertility preservation.