Hyperemesis gravidarum is associated with increased maternal serum ischemia-modified albumin.

AIM: Our objective was to measure the circulating levels of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) among pregnant with hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) and to compare their levels with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control pregnant women. METHOD: The pregnant subjects were classified into the HEG group diagnosed with HEG (n=45) and age- and BMI-matched control group without a diagnosis of HEG (n=45) during their pregnancies. Serum IMA, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelet, fasting blood glucose, creatinine, lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), sodium, potassium and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels of the groups were measured. RESULT: Serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelet, fasting blood glucose, creatinine, lipid profile, AST, urea, ALT, sodium, potassium and TSH levels of the groups were statistically similar. Serum IMA values were significantly higher in subjects with HEG compared to the subjects without HEG. CONCLUSIONS: We found that HEG was related to increased maternal serum IMA levels. HEG might be due to an ischemic intrauterine environment leading to elevated serum IMA concentrations.

Is there association between vitamin D levels, apelin 36, and visfatin in PCOS?

AIM: We aimed to evaluate vitamin D, apelin-36, and visfatin levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study was completed in six months, including a total of 110 patients who were admitted to the obstetrics and gynecology polyclinic. Patients with a diagnosis of PCOS were divided into two subgroups according to their vitamin D levels. Thirty-four patients had <10 ng/ml of vitamin D deficiency and 21 patients had 10-30 ng/ml of vitamin D insufficiency, with each being defined as a subgroup. RESULTS: Average apelin-36 and visfatin levels in PCOS patients were 2.52 ± 0.68 nmol/L and 72.63 ± 22:31 ng/ml, in the control group they were 0.92 ± 0.33 nmol/L, 24.66 ± 6 ng/ml, respectively. The difference found in PCOS patients was statistically significant (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the present study shows that in PCOS patients with low levels of vitamin D, insulin resistance is greater and apelin-36 serum levels were significantly higher. Although there are different opinions in the literature on this subject, we believe that when vitamin D levels are brought to an optimal level in PCOS patient, it can prevent the negative effects of adipokines in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

Evaluation of cardiovascular disease risk in women with surgically induced menopause.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women undergoing natural menopause or surgically induced menopause through the measurement of serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ischemia modified albumin (IMA), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein (CRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included women with surgically induced menopause (n = 50) and women undergoing natural menopause (n = 50). The two study groups were matched according to age, body mass index, menopause duration. GDF-15, BNP, IMA, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride, fibrinogen, and CRP were measured. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in GDF-15, BNP, IMA, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride, fibrinogen, and CRP results between the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is no increase in CVD risk among women aged 40-50 with surgically induced menopause relative to matched control subjects undergoing normal age-related menopause.

The effects of prolonged fasting on the levels of adiponectin, leptin, apelin, and omentin in pregnant women.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum adiponectin, leptin, apelin and omentin levels to explore metabolic changes occurring during fasting in the month of Ramadan. The study was designed as a prospective study. The patients were divided into two groups, each comprising 20 patients: Group I, fasting pregnant women, and Group II, non-fasting pregnant women. The patients' age, parity, gestational week and body mass index were recorded. Adiponectin and omentin levels were significantly lower in fasting pregnant women (p < 0.001). When the two groups were compared in terms of serum leptin and apelin levels, both were found to be significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. The findings of the present study suggest that pregnant women who are willing to fast during 24-38 weeks' gestation should be informed about insulin resistance.

Is there any relationship between serum sirtuin-1 level and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in hyperemesis gravidarum?

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) level and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). METHODS: Overall, 90 patients who presented with pregnancy between August 2013 and November 2014 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: patients with HG (n=45) and patients without HG (control group [C]; n=45). The patients with comorbid conditions other than pregnancy (disease or medication) were excluded. In all patients, demographic data including age, body mass index (BMI), gestational week, and smoking status were recorded. Blood samples were drawn for complete blood count and measurements of blood lipid, liver enzymes, serum SIRT1, and insulin levels. NLR was calculated from CBC. RESULTS: No significant differences were detected in age, BMI, or GA between groups (P>0.05). Serum SIRT1 and NLR were found to be significantly higher in patients with HG compared with those in the control group (P=0.001 and 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION: In HG, both SIRT1 level and NLR increased. In HG, this occurred as a response to metabolic alterations and potential inflammation.

Evaluation of bone density measurement in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy postmenopausal women to BMD in type 2 diabetic hypertensive postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Fifty type 2 diabetic and hypertensive postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia and 51 age and body mass index (BMI) matched healthy postmenopausal women were included. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were noted in both groups. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium and phosphorous were also measured. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish the relationship between various clinical characteristics. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups in respect to lumbar and vertebral BMD values, age, BMI, gravidity, parity. Serum cholesterol and fasting glucose levels were significantly different between each groups (P = 0.0001, P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: We found that, accompanying chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia don't affect the BMD measurements at postmenopausal period. So these postmenopausal women don't have excess risk regarding osteoporosis.