ABSTRACT
CONCLUSION: Retroauricular tympanoplasty and tympanomastoidectomy under local anesthesia with sedation can be well tolerated by the patient, with minimum discomfort. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate patient discomfort from pain, body/neck position, noise, and anxiety during tympanoplasties and mastoidectomies performed under local anesthesia with sedation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study of 83 surgeries in 62 patients (28 type I tympanoplasties, 12 tympanoplasties with ossicular reconstruction, 40 canal wall up mastoidectomies, and 3 revision tympanoplasties). Local infiltration used lidocaine 2% with 1:100 000 epinephrine infiltrated in the retroauricular area and from below the pinna in a 'V' pattern. Sedation was achieved with 50 mg of intramuscular promethazine 1 h before surgery and intravenous midazolam (0.03 mg/kg) at the beginning of surgery. Subsequent doses of midazolam were given to maintain adequate sedation, up to 10 mg. The discomfort during surgery was assessed by the patient with a score from 0 to 4 (0 = no discomfort and 4 = extreme discomfort). RESULTS: Discomfort due to pain had a mean score of 0.83. Noise discomfort (from drilling and manipulation of instruments) had the lowest mean score (0.70), and discomfort from body and neck position had the highest mean score (1.51).
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Local , Conscious Sedation , Mastoid/surgery , Otitis Media/surgery , Pain Measurement , Patient Satisfaction , Tympanoplasty/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthesia, Local/psychology , Anxiety/prevention & control , Anxiety/psychology , Chronic Disease , Conscious Sedation/psychology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain Measurement/psychology , Prospective Studies , Tympanoplasty/psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Dubowitz syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, short stature, microcephaly, distinct facial dysmorphism, and psychomotoric retardation. The hyper-immunoglobulin E (hyper-IgE or Job syndrome) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent staphylococcal abscesses, recurrent cyst-forming pneumonia, and an elevated serum IgE level of >2000 IU/ml. We present the first case to our knowledge of an association between Dubowitz syndrome, hyper-IgE syndrome, and nasal polyposis (due to allergic fungal sinusitis) in a 14-year-old girl. Eosinophilic inflammatory reaction is the feature present in all three conditions. Unlike most cases of allergic fungal sinusitis, this case was not treated with an initial booster of oral steroids due to the risk of disseminated invasive fungal infection, reported in other cases of hyper-IgE syndrome. The case and its management is presented and discussed.
