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3.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 16(5): 284-287, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-73835

ABSTRACT

La patología más frecuente en las unidades de dolor crónico es la lumbalgia. El diagnóstico diferencial entre las diferentes etiologías que pueden causarlo es, a menudo, difícil. Las comúnmente llamadas banderas rojas (red flags) de la lumbalgia son una serie de “signos-síntomas” que deben alertarnos acerca de la posibilidad de la gravedad del síntoma y han motivado múltiples trabajos. De la misma forma, nosotros, con la exposición de este caso clínico, queremos remarcar la necesidad de la realización de una detallada historia clínica y la revaluación de aquellos pacientes que vienen derivados de otras consultas con un diagnóstico previo, puesto que nos puede evitar errores de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Presentamos el caso de un enfermo de 55 años, remitido a la unidad de dolor crónico por medicina interna, con el diagnóstico de lumbalgia crónica, en tratamiento con analgésicos, sin respuesta eficaz. Durante los dos últimos años el paciente refería dolor en la zona dorsal baja y lumbar, de intensidad moderada/severa. Como antecedentes patológicos de interés había sido intervenido de una afección mitral, con la implantación de una válvula mecánica 17 años antes. Los episodios de dolor crónico se exacerbaban con crisis de dolor agudo en la zona dorsal baja irradiado a la región lumbar e inguinal. Aunque las crisis de anemia hemolítica aguda pueden cursar con dolor lumbar, este antecedente no se tuvo en cuenta como probable origen del dolor. En la resonancia magnética (RM) lumbarse apreciaban cambios degenerativos con polidiscopatía L4-L5, L5-S1 y signos de artrosis interapofisaria. El remplazo de la válvula protésica malfuncionante por una nueva finalizó con la hemólisis y el dolor lumbar. El paciente permanece asintomático un año después (AU)


Low back pain is the most frequent complaint in chronic pain units. The differential diagnosis among the distinct causes is frequently difficult. The “red flags” of low back pain consist of a series of “signs and symptoms” that should warn clinicians of the possibility of the severity of the symptom and have been the subject of numerous publications. The present case report aims to highlight the need to take a detailed clinical history and to reevaluate patients with a prior diagnosis referred by other services in order to avoid diagnostic and treatment errors. We present the case of a 55-year-old man, who was referred to the chronic pain clinic by the internal medicine service, with a diagnosis of chronic low back pain unresponsive to analgesics. For the previous 2 years, the patient had reported moderate-severe pain in the lower dorsal and lumbar region. Seventeen years previously, a prosthetic mitral valve had been implanted. The patient’s chronic pain episodes were exacerbated by crises of acute pain in the lower dorsal region radiating to the lumbar and inguinal areas. Although acute hemolytic anemia is described as an etiology of low back pain, this antecedent was not taken into account as a probable cause of the pain. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed degenerative osteoarthritis. Replacement of the prosthetic valve resolved the lumbar pain and hemolysis. One year later, the patient remains asymptomatic (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Low Back Pain/etiology , Heart Valve Diseases/complications , Anemia, Hemolytic/complications
4.
Oncología (Barc.) ; 29(5): 219-222, mayo 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047799

ABSTRACT

Las metástasis cutáneas son poco frecuentes ysuelen aparecer en estadios finales de los cánceres.Sólo en un 0,8% de las ocasiones son la primeramanifestación de la neoplasia y se asocian a un pronósticoinfausto. Ante la existencia de cutánides debeconocerse que el tumor originario más frecuenteen mujeres es el de mama y en los hombres es el depulmón, en ambos sexos se siguen de los gastrointestinales.Presentamos el caso de un varón de 63años que consultó por una lesión nodular cutáneaque histológicamente mostró ser una metástasis deadenocarcinoma. El estudio de extensión confirmóla presencia de un adenocarcinoma gástrico metastático


Skin metastases are infrequent, generally of lateappearance and of very bad prognosis. They are thefirst symptom of cancer in 0.8% of cases. Theprognosis of patients with skin metastases is worstthan that for other localizations. The most frequentorigin of skin metastases are lung cancer in men andbreast cancer in women, followed by thegastrointestinal neoplasms. We present the case of a63 year old patient with a cutaneous lesion thathistopathology showed to be an adenocarcinoma.The workup study led to the diagnosis of metastaticgastric cancer


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Adenoma/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/secondary
5.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 19(11): 561-566, nov. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-15762

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad para el diagnóstico de neoplasia de la determinación de un perfil amplio de marcadores tumorales (MT) junto a la evaluación inicial de los pacientes con trombosis venosa profunda (TVP) idiopática. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de 48 pacientes con diagnóstico de TVP idiopática. Se determinó en suero a todos los pacientes: antígeno carcinoembronario, alfa-fetoprotetína, CA 19.9, CA 125, beta2-microglobulina, antígeno de células escamosas, enolasa neuronal específica, antígeno prostático específico en los varones y CA15.3 en las mujeres. Los pacientes fueron evaluados para neoplasia durante el ingreso y seguidos a los 6 y 12 meses. Resultados: La edad media fue de 65 años. En 23 pacientes (48 por ciento) se detectó al menos un marcador elevado. Se diagnosticaron 8 neoplasias (16 por ciento), 4 en el grupo con marcadores elevados y 4 en el grupo con marcadores normales. No apreciamos diferencias significativas en las incidencias de neoplasia entre ambos grupos. Sin embargo, de los 4 casos de neoplasias diagnosticadas en el grupo con marcadores elevados, solo 1 se consideró verdadero positivo puesto que en las otras el marcador elevado no resultó congruente con la neoplasia. Seis neoplasias se diagnosticaron durante el ingreso hospitalario y dos durante el seguimiento. Se obtuvo una sensibilidad del 12 por ciento, una especificidad del 52 por ciento, un valor predictivo positivo del 5 por ciento y un valor predictivo negativo del 75 por ciento. Conclusiones: La incidencia de neoplasia fue similar a la comunicada por otros autores. Encontramos poca sensibilidad y especificidad, y escaso valor predictivo positivo con numerosos falsos positivos. Sin embargo, el valor predictivo del resultado negativo fue del 75 por ciento, con lo que la mayoría de los pacientes con un perfil completo normal de MT y asintomáticos no tuvieron neoplasia al diagnóstico ni durante el tiempo de seguimiento (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Sensitivity and Specificity , Biomarkers, Tumor , Prospective Studies , Venous Thrombosis , Neoplasms , Predictive Value of Tests , Antigens, Neoplasm
6.
An Med Interna ; 19(11): 561-6, 2002 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12522891

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a wide detection of tumor markers practiced during admission for the diagnosis of cancer in patients with idiopathic deep venous thrombosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study including 48 patients with documented DVT who lacked a predisposing cause to DVT. It was determined in serum: carcinoembryonic antigen, alphafetoprotein, CA 19-9, CA 125, beta-2-microglobulin, SCC (squamous cell antigen), NSE (neuron-specific enolase), PSA (prostate-specific antigen) in the males and CA15-3 in the women. The patients were evaluated for cancer during admission and followed up at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: The age was 65 years. A positive tumor marker at least was detected in 23 patients (48%). A cancer was diagnosed in 8 patients (16%), 4 in the group with elevated tumor markers and 4 in the group with normal tumor markers. We don't find significant differences in cancer incidence between both groups. However, of the 4 cases of cancer diagnosed in the group with elevated markers only 1 was considered true positive since in the others three cases the elevate tumor marker was not appropriated with the cancer diagnosed. Six tumors were diagnosed during admission and two during follow-up period. According to these results was obtained a sensitivity of 12%, a specificity of 52%, a positive predictive value of 5% and a negative predictive value of 75%. CONCLUSIONS: The cancer incidence is similar to previous series. We have found a poor sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value. However, the negative predictive value was of 75% and the patients who were normals for results of all tumor markers and was asymptomatic during admission hadn't a subsequent cancer diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Neoplasm , Biomarkers, Tumor , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/complications , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity
8.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 74(9): 347-9, 1980 May 10.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7382626

ABSTRACT

Three out of 140 patients with non-hodgkin's lymphoma treated in a Department of Internal Medicine showed hypercalcemia during their clinical course. Hypercalcemia was symptomatic in two patients causing renal failure in one of them and a metabolic encephalopathy in the other. In the third case hypercalcemia was a casual finding. Serum calcium levels varied between 14.8 and 16.6 mg/100 ml; serum phosphate and tubular reabsorption of phosphate were normal. Alkaline phosphatase were high in the three cases. Bone disease was present in two cases. Transient responses were obtained with the administration of prednisone and calcitonin associated to forced diuresis. Indomethacin was ineffective. Pathogenesis of hypercalcemia could be related to the release of an osteoclastic activator factor. The role of prostaglandins and the presence of PTH-like mechanisms were discarded in our cases by indirect methods. The poor prognosis of patients with non-hogkin's lymphoma and hypercalcemia in stressed.


Subject(s)
Hypercalcemia/etiology , Lymphoma/blood , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Lymphoma/complications , Lymphoma/diagnostic imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Osteolysis/diagnostic imaging , Osteolysis/etiology , Radiography , Skull/diagnostic imaging
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