A metagenomic assessment of bacterial community in spices sold open-air markets in Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Natural spices play an essential role in human nutrition and well-being. However, their processing on different scales can expose them to potential sources of contamination. This study aimed to describe the bacterial community genomic footprint in spices sold in Senegal. Spice samples were collected in August 2022 in Saint-Louis, Senegal. The genomic region coding bacterial 16S rRNA was then amplified and sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). Sequencing was carried out on two batches of samples, one containing part of the "Local Spices or Herbs" (n = 10), and the other, a mixture of 7 spices, Curcuma, Thyme and the other part of the "Local Spices or Herbs" (n = 39). Results showed high bacterial diversity and the predominance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica in samples, with total reads of 65,744 and 165,325 for the two batches, respectively. The sample category "Homemade mixture of food condiments ", which includes all "Local Spices or Herbs" samples, showed remarkable bacterial diversity. These were followed by Curcuma, a blend of 7 spices and thyme. Also, the different categories of spices studied show similarities in their bacterial composition. These results highlight the microbial community's highly diverse genomic profile, including pathogenic bacteria, in spice samples.

N,N'-Dimethyl-ethylenediammonium dioxalatocuprate(II).

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, (C(4)H(14)N(2))[Cu(C(2)O(4))(2)], consists of one complex anion and two cationic half-mol-ecules, the other halves being generated by inversion symmetry. The Cu(II) atom in the anion is coordinated by two bidentate oxalate ligands in a distorted square-planar geometry. Inter-molecular hydrogen bonds, involving the NH groups as donors and O atoms as acceptors, are observed, which lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network structure.

1-(Thio-phen-2-yl)ethanone thio-semi-carbazone.

The title compound, C(7)H(9)N(3)S(2), crystallizes with two unique mol-ecules in the unit cell, both present as thio-semicarbazide tautomers. The mol-ecules differ principally in the dihedral angles between the thio-phene ring planes and the planes through the non-H atoms of the hydrazinecarbothio-amide units, viz. 9.80 (8)° for one mol-ecule and 19.37 (7)° for the other. The hydrazinecarbothio-amide units are reasonably planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.001Å for each of the mol-ecules. In the crystal, N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds link like mol-ecules into R(2) (2)(8) inversion dimers. A three-dimensional network structure is generated by additional N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and weak C-H⋯S contacts between the unique mol-ecules.

4,6-Dimethyl-2-thioxo-1,2-dihydro-pyrimidin-3-ium chloride-thio-urea (1/1).

In the title compound, C(6)H(9)N(2)S(+)·Cl(-)·CH(4)N(2)S, the 4,6-di-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2-dihydro-pyrimidin-3-ium cation is proton-ated at one of the pyrimidine N atoms. The cations are bridged by the chloride anions through a pair of N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. The amino groups of each thio-urea adduct inter-act with the chloride anions through a pair of N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and the S atom of another thio-urea adduct through a pair of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds. These inter-actions result in a layered hydrogen-bonded network propagating parallel to the bc plane. Except for two H atoms, all atoms are on special positions.