[Quality control of antibiotics used in Senegal]. / Contrôle de la qualité de quelques molécules antibiotiques utilisées au Sénégal.

To slow the spread of bacterial resistance and promote safety in the use of medicines, development of quality control tools is indispensable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of several antibiotic agents used in Senegal and to assess the utility of the mini laboratory as a quality control tool. The mini laboratory and all materials necessary for this study were provided by the German Pharma Health Fund. A total of 34 antibiotic samples were submitted to a battery of tests including physical and visual inspection, disintegration, and thin layer chromatography designed for identification and semiquantitative evaluation. Non-conformities detected by physical and visual inspection were found mainly in products from the illicit sector (80%) but some non-conformities were also found in products from licit private sector (20%). Based on thin layer chromatography findings, non-conformities in product identity and dosage involved mainly erythromycin (45%) followed by amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin (22% each). Again this type of non-conformity was most frequent in products from the illicit sector (45%) but it was also observed in products from the private and public sectors (33% and 22% respectively). These findings show that follow-up is necessary to ensure the quality of medicines, especially antibiotics. In this study the mini laboratory was a highly useful quality control tool.

Controle de la qualite de quelques molecules antibiotiques utilisees au Senegal

Pour ralentir la propagation de la resistance bacterienne et promouvoir un usage securise des medicaments; il s'avere necessaire de developper des outils de controle et de gestion de leur qualite. Notre travail a pour objectifs d'evaluer la qualite de quelques molecules antibiotiques utilisees au Senegal et de demontrer la pertinence de l'utilisation du mini laboratoire comme outil de controle de cette qualite. Le mini-laboratoire de la German Pharma Health Fund fournit l'ensemble du materiel necessaire a l'etude.Au total; 34 echantillons d'antibiotiques ont ete soumis a une batterie de tests comportant l'inspection physique et visuelle des echantillons; le test de desagregation et la chromatographie sur couche mince pour l'identification et l'appreciation semi quantitative. Sur l'ensemble des non-conformites a l'inspection physique et visuelle; 80proviennent du secteur illicite (non officiel) et 20du secteur prive (officiel). Les non-conformites a l'identification et au dosage concernent l'erythromycine; suivie de l'amoxicilline et de la ciprofloxacine pour 22des cas chacune. Le secteur illicite est egalement le plus touche par ce type de non conformite (45); les secteurs prive et public ne sont pas non plus epargnes avec respectivement 33 et 22des echantillons non-conformes. Il est ainsi important d'assurer un suivi de la qualite desmedicaments en particulier des plus sensibles comme les antibiotiques. En cela ce mini-laboratoire peut etre d'un grand apport

[Study of the contents in fat, in protein and in vitamin D of powdered milk varieties sold in Dakar]. / Etude des teneurs en matiere grasse, proteines et vitamine D de varietes de lait en poudre vendu a Dakar.

INTRODUCTION: The powdered milk is a much appreciated food in Senegal. However no particular control is realized by authorities on the various marks of milk imported before their marketing. In the concern to protect the health of the consumers, but especially in front of the very big variety of the sources of supply in this product we determined the contents in fat, in protein and in vitamin D main variety show of marketed powdered milk Dakar. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Chemical methods were operated to determine the fat contents and in proteins. The liquid chromatography in high performance was used to identify and measure the vitamin D. RESULTS: The obtained results profits showed that all the studied samples of milk had contents in fat included between 25 and 31 g %, those in proteins were included between 23 and 25 g %. As regards the dosage of the vitamin D, a single sample had content weaker than that mentioned on the packaging by the manufacturer. CONCLUSION: The results of this study allowed to notice most of the variety varieties of powdered milk marketed in Dakar were in accordance with the standards established for this food and are consequently good quality.

[Control of the quality of antiretroviral medicines used in Senegal]. / Controle de la qualite des medicaments antiretroviraux utilises au Senegal.

INTRODUCTION: Success of any program to fight AIDS passes through out quality of antiretroviral medicines. The control and follow-up of the quality of these medicines constitute essential levers to guarantee quality. Our study aims to evaluate the quality of antiretroviral medicines used in Senegal by means of a mini laboratory from the German Pharmaceutical Health Fund. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mini laboratory provides technical arsenal necessary for the analysis. To sum up, 43 samples of antiretroviral medicines have been submitted to three types of simple, quick and reliable tests which are physical and visual inspection, disintegration and thin layer chromatography. RESULTS: The obtained results give at physical and visual inspection, 9.3% of samples which are not similar. 30 samples out of 32 have a good disintegration time. About 11.6% of samples are not similar to thin layer chromatography. CONCLUSION: The control of the quality of antiretroviral medicines is necessary if we consider the number of no conform cases which are relatively important. The mini laboratory can constitute an interesting tool for technical control facilities in developing countries that suffer from a real lack of materials.