ABSTRACT
The first complete simulation based on OpenSurgSim (OSS) is used as a case study for analyzing how the toolkit can accelerate the development of surgical simulations. The Burr Hole Trainer (BHT) is designed to train non-neurosurgeons to drill holes in the skull to relieve intracranial pressure, and the majority of its simulation functionality is provided by OSS. Based on code size, using OSS cut the development time in half, reduced the necessary size of the development team by two-thirds, and saved millions of US dollars.
Subject(s)
Computer-Assisted Instruction/methods , Decompressive Craniectomy/education , Educational Measurement/methods , High Fidelity Simulation Training/methods , Software , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , Clinical Competence , Decompressive Craniectomy/methods , Humans , User-Computer InterfaceABSTRACT
Recent growth of daVinci Robotic Surgical System as a minimally invasive surgery tool has led to a call for better training of future surgeons. In this paper, a new virtual reality simulator, called RoSS is presented. Initial results from two studies - face and content validity, are very encouraging. 90% of the cohort of expert robotic surgeons felt that the simulator was excellent or somewhat close to the touch and feel of the daVinci console. Content validity of the simulator received 90% approval in some cases. These studies demonstrate that RoSS has the potential of becoming an important training tool for the daVinci surgical robot.
Subject(s)
Models, Biological , Robotics/methods , Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods , User-Computer Interface , Computer Simulation , HumansABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: ⢠To assess the content validity of an early prototype robotic simulator. Minimally invasive surgery poses challenges for training future surgeons. The Robotic Surgical Simulator (RoSS) is a novel virtual reality simulator for the da Vinci Surgical System. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ⢠Participants attending the 2010 International Robotic Urology Symposium were invited to experience RoSS. Afterwards, participants completed a survey regarding the appropriateness of the simulator as a teaching tool. RESULTS: ⢠Forty-two subjects including surgeons experienced with robotics (n= 31) and novices (n= 11) participated in this study. ⢠Eighty per cent of the entire cohort had an average of 4 years of experience with robot-assisted surgery. ⢠Eleven (26%) novices lacked independent robot-assisted experience. The expert group comprised 17 (41%) surgeons averaging 881 (160-2200) robot-assisted cases. Experts rated the 'clutch control' virtual simulation task as a good (71%) or excellent (29%) teaching tool. ⢠Seventy-eight per cent rated the 'ball place' task as good or excellent but 22% rated it as poor. ⢠Twenty-seven per cent rated the 'needle removal' task as an excellent teaching tool, 60% rated it good and 13% rated it poor. ⢠Ninety-one per cent rated the 'fourth arm tissue removal' task as good or excellent. ⢠Ninety-four per cent responded that RoSS would be useful for training purposes. ⢠Eighty-eight per cent felt that RoSS would be an appropriate training and testing format before operating room experience for residents. ⢠Seventy-nine per cent indicated that RoSS could be used for privileging or certifying in robotic surgery. CONCLUSION: ⢠Results based on expert evaluation of RoSS as a teaching modality illustrate that RoSS has appropriate content validity.
