[CONTEMPORARY EPIZOOTOLOGICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BRUCELLOSIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN].

AIM: Study epizootological and epidemiological features of brucellosis on the territory of the Republic of Tajikistan under the conditions of social-economic transformation with evaluation of width and scale of its spread, as well as reasons of the present situation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Official statistics data, results of expert evaluations, reports, analytical material of national and international organizations, results of clinical and epidemiological analysis were used. Descriptive- evaluative epidemiologic methods, serologic studies of samples obtained from humans, animals, environmental objects between 2000 and 2013; mapping using GIS-technology, as well as statisti- cal analysis were used. Techniques of calculation of DALY-index and population infection risk parameter were used. RESULTS: Features of situation by brucellosis were detected, that lay in its wide spread among humans and agricultural animals, changes in morbidity structure, as well as char- acter of its seasonal and territorial spread, connected with predominant effect of social risk factors. CONCLUSION: Contemporary situation for brucellosis in the Republic of Tajikistan is characterized by a pronounced non-welfare and determined by acting social-economic conditions. The main factors are changes in the conditions of conducting agricultural activity against the background of high level of unemployment and external work migration.

[Isolation of strains of a new ecological variant of Staphylococcus aureus from asses]. / Vydelenie shtammov novogo ékologicheskogo varianta Staphylococcus aureus ot oslov.

47 coagulase-positive staphylococcal strains were isolated from the nasal smears of 175 healthy donkeys. In accordance with the schemes of Akatov--Devriese and Mayer-Witte--Akatov, 10.6% of the cultures were classified with the coagulase-positive species S. hyicus and 89.3%, with the species S. aureus. Out of S. aureus strains, 11.9% were found to have the characteristics of ecovar hominis, while 16.2% of the cultures could not be classified with definite ecovars. Most of the strains (71.4%) were found to differ from the known ecovars of S. aureus in their biological properties. For this reason, the above strains were classified with the new ecovar asinae. The authors propose to make the existing S. aureus identification scheme (the scheme of Mayer-Witte--Akatov) more complete by adding the tests for hyaluronidase and phosphatase.

[Frequency of the isolation of staphylococci from domestic animals and strain identification]. / Chastota vydeleniia stafilokokkov u domashnykh zhivotnykh i identifikatsiia shtammov.

Staphylococci occur in donkeys more frequently than in other animals, and only from donkeys coagulase-negative staphylococci, characteristic of humans (S. hominis, S. capitis, S. cohnii), were isolated. Least frequently staphylococcal carrier state was registered in cats; in these animals only coagulase-negative strains were found to occur. From 30 donkeys coagulase-positive staphylococci belonging to 47 S. aureus strains were isolated. These strains differed from known ecological variants in their biological properties, thus suggesting the existence of S. aureus ecovar specific for donkeys. These strains did not coagulate human, bovine and ovine plasma, but coagulated rabbit plasma in 100% of cases and donkey plasma only in 53% of cases; at the same time they relatively often produced delta hemolysin, rarely phosphatase and hyaluronidase and never fibrinolysin. These strains were typed by KPC phages, mainly 116 and 117.