ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Exposure to corticosteroids is known to be associated with an increased risk of cataract and glaucoma. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of steroid-induced cataract and glaucoma in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to assess a dose-response relationship between them. DESIGN: This was a prospective observational study. METHODS: We identified all COPD patients aged 50 years or older, with minimum steroid exposure of 4 months and on inhaled corticosteroids from March 2014 to March 2015. Average daily dose of inhaled corticosteroids was defined as low (1-250 µg), medium (251-500 µg), and high (501-1000 µg) using fluticasone propionate equivalents. RESULTS: We screened 405 COPD patients, of which 48 were dropouts. We identified 58 cataract and 14 glaucoma patients with a prevalence of 16.24% and 3.92%, respectively. We also observed a dose-response relationship with the highest prevalence of cataract (39.6%) and glaucoma (42.8%) at daily doses of 501-1000 µg fluticasone propionate equivalents. CONCLUSIONS: It is evident that higher doses and longer duration of inhaled corticosteroid in COPD patients are associated with a higher prevalence of cataract and glaucoma.
Subject(s)
Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Cataract/chemically induced , Fluticasone/adverse effects , Glaucoma/chemically induced , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Steroids/adverse effects , Administration, Inhalation , Aged , Cataract/epidemiology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Glaucoma/epidemiology , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To review the associations of serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins with diabetic retinopathy (DR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of patients of DR. DR was graded according to modified Airlie House Classification system. Traditional serum lipids (total, low-density lipoprotein [LDL], and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol and triglycerides [TGs]), apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and apoB-to-apoAI ratios were assessed. The analysis of variance test was applied. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and P < 0.001 was considered highly significant. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients with DR were evaluated. Serum apoAI was statistically significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of having more severe DR levels (P < 0.001). Increasing levels of apoB (P < 0.001) and apoB-to-apoAI ratio (P < 0.001) were statistically significantly associated with increasing DR severity levels. The association of total (P > 0.05) and LDL cholesterol (P > 0.05) with severity of DR was not statistically significant. HDL cholesterol levels were inversely associated with the severity of DR (P < 0.05). TGs were also statistically significantly associated with the severity of DR (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum apolipoprotein levels may be stronger biomarkers of DR than traditional lipids.
Subject(s)
Apolipoprotein A-I/blood , Apolipoproteins B/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Diabetic Retinopathy/blood , Adult , Aged , Asian People , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , India , Male , Middle Aged , Nephelometry and Turbidimetry , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
Sixteen eyes with absolute glaucoma were treated and followed up for a minimum of six months. Goniotomy ab interno using the Fugo Blade was found to be a safe alternative to conventional trabeculectomy, which safely and effectively reduced intraocular pressure in more than 80% of cases.
Subject(s)
Electrosurgery/instrumentation , Filtering Surgery/instrumentation , Filtering Surgery/methods , Glaucoma/surgery , Adult , Aged , Electrosurgery/adverse effects , Equipment Design , Female , Filtering Surgery/adverse effects , Follow-Up Studies , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Period , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Two hundred and eight alive newborns examined within 2 hours of birth showed 37.50% incidence of retinal hemorrhage (RH). Out of these, 38.59% were full term and 29.17% were preterm. Head circumference had a significant correlation (p less than 0.05) with retinal hemorrhage, while sex of the newborn, birth weight, gestational age and fetal distress showed no significant correlation. Birth injuries especially ocular and periocular injuries showed a significantly higher incidence of retinal hemorrhage (83.33%).
Subject(s)
Retinal Hemorrhage/congenital , Birth Injuries/complications , Extraction, Obstetrical , Female , Humans , India , Infant, Newborn , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Thus, we found that the role of Acyclovir in the treatment of viral corneal ulcer is definitely better and quicker. It takes less time for healing of corneal ulcer and as a result less hospitalisation is needed.
