ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: sequential measurement of intra-abdominal pressure is of paramount importance for an early detection and appropriate therapeutic management of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome. OBJECTIVE: to validate a device and technique developed to measure intra-abdominal pressure (an innovation of the Foley urinary catheter named intra-abdominal pressure catheter). METHODS: three different sets of measurements where done to test the intra-abdominal pressure catheter device: I. 50 measurements were done with the intra-abdominal pressure catheter device and compared against those measurements done using a manometer graded in cm H(2)O; II. Direct measurement of intra-abdominal pressure in five patients during elective laparoscopy vs the intraabdominal pressure catheter device; and III. Measurement of intra-abdominal pressure by the Kron method (Gold standard) vs intra-abdominal pressure catheter device in three patents with intra-abdominal hypertension/abdominal compartment syndrome. Measurements where compared with Pearson correlation test and Bland Altman statistics. RESULTS: I.Intra-abdominal pressure catheter vs graded manometer: r = 0.99, with a mean pressure difference of 0.27 ± 0.23 mmHg, CI (0.039 to 0.092 mmHg). II. Direct measurement of intra-abdominal pressure during laparoscopy vs intra-abdominal pressure catheter device: r = 0.93, with a mean pressure difference of 0.18 ± 0.84 mmHg, CI (-1.46 to 1.83 mmHg) and III. Measurement of intra-abdominal pressure by the Kron Method vs intra-abdominal pressure catheter device: r = 0.81, with a mean pressure difference of -0.41 ± 0.87, CI (-2.12 mmHg to 1.30 mmHg). CONCLUSIONS: the intra-abdominal pressure catheter device is a safe and reliable instrument for measuring intra-abdominal pressure.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Cavity , Catheters , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/diagnosis , Manometry/instrumentation , Pressure , Catheterization , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Intra-Abdominal Hypertension/physiopathology , Male , Manometry/methodsABSTRACT
Changes in the cellular metabolism assessed by the variability of oxygen consumption (VO(2) ) and carbon dioxide production (VCO(2) ) as well as the association of serum glucose and insulin to energy spectral density (ESD) of VO(2) and VCO(2) were evaluated. Ten nonglucose intolerant and 10 glucose intolerant subjects, aged 21-70 years, were included. Glucose and insulin concentrations and VO(2) and VCO(2) records were collected every 10 min during 3 h. ESD of VO(2) and VCO(2) was estimated and associated with glucose and insulin concentrations. Statistical significance in glucose levels, insulin, and ESD of VO(2) and VCO(2) among nonglucose intolerant subjects and glucose and insulin among glucose intolerance subjects at postload glucose (PLG) state compared with basal state was found. Moreover, glucose was significantly higher in glucose intolerance subjects than nonglucose intolerant subjects for basal and PLG states. These results show an increment in ESD of VO(2) and VCO(2) at PLG state among nonglucose intolerant subjects and suggest that their measurement may be a key indicator of the variability of cellular metabolic activity and contribute to confirm disturbances in glucose metabolism.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose/metabolism , Carbon Dioxide/metabolism , Glucose Intolerance/metabolism , Insulin/blood , Oxygen Consumption , Adult , Aged , Calorimetry, Indirect/methods , Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Energy Metabolism , Fasting , Glucose Intolerance/blood , Humans , Middle Aged , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar la variación del gasto energético en reposo (GER), consumo de oxígeno (VO2) y producción de CO2 (VCO2 por calorimetría indirecta (CI) al aplicar tres diferentes niveles de presión positiva al final de la espiración (PEEP) en pacientes con ventilación mecánica controlada por presión. Diseño: estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, experimental y comparativo. Material y método: se incluyeron nueve pacientes con ventilación mecánica controlada por presión internados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Se efectuó CIcon el propósito de medir el GER, VO2 y VCO2 así como el volumen minuto (VE) en tres diferentes niveles de PEEP. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba de la t pareada y Wilcoxon se calcularon los coeficientes de variación de las variables en estudio. Resultados: se observó con el incremento de la PEEP disminución en el GER, VO2 y VCO2 que guarda relación con la disminución del VE y cuyo coeficiente de variación se mantiene alrededor del 6 %. En los tres casos en los que se mantuvo constante el VE durante la CI el coeficiente de variación fue menor de 6%. Conclusiones: la medición del GER por CI es confiable y útil cuando se incrementa la PEEP siempre que se mantenga el VE. El cálculo del cociente respiratorio (QR) en estas circunstancias no es confiable.
Objective: To identify variations during measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE), oxygen consumption (VO2 and CO production (VCO2 by indirect calorimetry (IC) in patients with pressure-controlled ventilation and different levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Design: Prospective and comparative study. Setting: Intensive care unit (ICU) of a university-affiliated hospital. Measurements and Main Results: REE, VO2, and VCO2 were measured by IC in nine patients with pressure- controlled ventilation and different levels of PEEP. Paired t Wilcoxon and coeficient of variation tests for all measurements were carried out. Decrease in REE, VCO2, and VO2 was observed with increments in PEEP, these changes related with a concomitant reduction in VE. Coefficient of variation during IC was above 6%, and was lower in three patients who maintained the same VE throughout the study. Conclusions: Measurement of REE by Ids reliable atvarious levels of PEEP, and it improves if VE remains constant throughout measurement. Respiratory quotient (RQ) in this setting is not accurate.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Middle Aged , Energy Metabolism , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Rest/physiology , Calorimetry, Indirect , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify variations during measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE), oxygen consumption (VO2) and CO2 production (VCO2) by indirect calorimetry (IC) in patients with pressure-controlled ventilation and different levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). DESIGN: Prospective and comparative study. SETTING: Intensive care unit (ICU) of a university-affiliated hospital. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: REE, VO2, and VCO2 were measured by IC in nine patients with pressure-controlled ventilation and different levels of PEEP. Paired t Wilcoxon and coeficient of variation tests for all measurements were carried out. Decrease in REE, VCO2, and VO2 was observed with increments in PEEP, these changes related with a concomitant reduction in VE. Coefficient of variation during IC was above 6%, and was lower in three patients who maintained the same VE throughout the study. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of REE by IC is reliable at various levels of PEEP, and it improves if VE remains constant throughout measurement. Respiratory quotient (RQ) in this setting is not accurate.
