ABSTRACT
Phytochemical investigation of the petroleum ether extract fraction of Polyalthia cerasoides seeds led to the isolation of two phytosterols (alpha-spinasterol and spinasterol) and a clerodane di-terpenoid. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using IR, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and Mass spectral analysis. Further, these compounds were tested for antiproliferative action against CACO-2 cell line and apoptotic action was determined by nuclear staining and DNA fragmentation analysis. The results showed that the compounds exhibited antiproliferative action at various concentrations with an IC(50) value of 28.6+/-4.34nM/ml, 57.7+/-6.81nM/ml and 60.0+/-7.10nM/ml for clerodane diterpenoid, spinasterol and alpha-Spinasterol respectively. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were screened for antimutagenic effect against methylmethane sulfonate (MMS) induced mutation. Phytosterols showed protective effect, whereas clerodane diterpenoid was less effective to MMS induced chromosomal aberrations. Our research contributes to the characterization of phytochemical constituents and to understand the ability of these compounds to antiproliferative and antimutagenic responses from the seed extracts.
Subject(s)
Antimutagenic Agents/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Diterpenes, Clerodane/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Polyalthia/chemistry , Stigmasterol/analogs & derivatives , Antimutagenic Agents/isolation & purification , Antimutagenic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Caco-2 Cells , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Chromosome Breakage/drug effects , Diterpenes, Clerodane/isolation & purification , Diterpenes, Clerodane/pharmacology , Humans , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Methyl Methanesulfonate , Mutagens/pharmacology , Mutation/drug effects , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Seeds , Stigmasterol/isolation & purification , Stigmasterol/pharmacology , Stigmasterol/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Antioxidative potential of alcohol extract of Polyalthia cerasoides was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion scavenging, and reducing power assays were performed. The extract showed significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity in all in vitro antioxidant assays and contained high level of total phenolic content. For in vivo genotoxic evaluation, Swiss albino mice were treated with alcohol extract at the concentration of 40mg/kg body weight. Frequency of aberration was compared with control. Both the sets did not showed genotoxic effect. Further the extract was subjected to cytotoxic study using 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphynyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the extract confirmed to show moderate cytotoxicity against L929 cell line.
