Adaptation and validation of a nepali version of the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances Index (C-OIDP).

The need for culturally validated measures of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) has been increasing in recent years. OBJECTIVES: To adapt the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) index into the Nepali language and to validate it, to assess and compare the outcomes of self-reported oral problems, and to validate a structured questionnaire on general hygiene practices, oral hygiene practices, dietary habits, and use of tobacco. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: A school-based cross-sectional study on pilot and national samples. PARTICIPANTS: Nepalese schoolchildren representing WHO index age groups (5-6-year-olds, 12-year-olds, and 15-year-olds). The study was conducted on a pilot sample (n=128) selected conveniently and a national sample (n=1,052), selected from 18 sampling sites on the basis of the stratified random sampling method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adapted and validated Nepali C-OIDP Results: The Nepali C-OIDP showed excellent validation and reliability tests in both studies. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.82 and 0.71 respectively in the pilot and national study. The most common self-reported oral problem was toothache, which was statistically significantly higher in the national sample. CONCLUSIONS: The Nepali C-OIDP index is valid and reliable for measuring oral impacts on daily performance among schoolchildren of Nepal.

Cheiloscopy and dermatoglyphics as genetic markers in the transmission of cleft lip and palate: A case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Determining the relative risk of cleft lip and palate (CL[P]) on the basis of lip prints and dermatoglyphics as genetic background may be useful for genetic counseling, and the development of future preventive measures. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: (1) To analyze the various pattern types of lip prints and dermatoglyphics in parents of CL(P) children and to detect if any specific type can be contemplated as a genetic marker in the transmission of CL(P). (2) To compare these patterns with that of parents of unaffected children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 31 parents of children with CL(P) as a study group, and 31 parents of unaffected children as control group were included. Lip prints and finger prints were collected from all subjects and analysis of both patterns was carried out followed by a comparison of the patterns of unaffected parents with the controls statistically. RESULTS: Among the mothers of the study group, type O followed by type IIa lip patterns were found to be significantly higher in upper and lower lips, and in fathers type IIa followed by type O were significantly higher. In the control group, type IIb followed by type III were higher in both fathers and mothers. Dermatoglyphic analysis of palm and finger prints revealed no significant difference in the pattern types and total ridge counts, but the Atd angle asymmetry was found to be significant between study and control group. CONCLUSION: Types IIa and O lip patterns, asymmetry of Atd angles can be considered as genetic markers for the transmission of CL(P) deformity to offsprings.

Evaluation of the Amount of Debris extruded apically by using Conv-entional Syringe, Endovac and Ultrasonic Irrigation Technique: An In Vitro Study.

BACKGROUND: To compare the amount of debris extruded apically by using conventional syringe, Endovac & Ultrasonic irrigation. MATERIALS & METHODS: Thirty freshly extracted mandibular premolars were selected, working length was determined and mounted in a debris and collection apparatus. The canals were prepared. After each instrument change, 1 ml. of 3% sodium hypochlorite was used as irrigation. Debris extruded apically by using conventional syringe, endovac& ultrasonic irrigation tech, was measured using the electronic balance to determine its weight and statistical analysis was performed. The mean difference between the groups was determined using statistical analysis within the groups &between the groups for equal variances. RESULTS: Among all the groups, significantly less debris were found apically in the Endovac group (0.96) compared to conventional and ultrasonic group (1.23) syringe. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that endovac system extrudes less amount of debris apically as compared to ultrasonic followed by conventional so incidence of flare up can be reduce by using endovac irrigation system. How to cite this article: Tambe V H, Nagmode P S, Vishwas J R, Saujanya K P, Angadi P, Ali F M. Evaluation of the Amount of Debris extruded apically by using Conventional Syringe, Endovac and Ultrasonic Irrigation Technique: An In Vitro Study. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(3):63-66.

Comparison of the antibacterial efficiency of neem leaf extracts, grape seed extracts and 3% sodium hypochlorite against E. feacalis - An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: E. faecalis is the predominant micro-organism recovered from root canal of the teeth where previous endodontic treatment has failed. Thorough debridement and complete elimination of micro-organisms are objectives of an effective endodontic treatment. For many years, intracanal irrigants have been used as an adjunct to enhance antimicrobial effect of cleaning and shaping in endodontics. The constant increase in antibiotic-resistant strains and side-effects of synthetic drugs has promoted researchers to look for herbal alternatives. For thousands of years humans have sought to fortify their health and cure various illnesses with herbal remedies, but only few have been tried and tested to withstand modern scientific scrutiny. The present study was aimed to evaluate alternative, inexpensive simple and effective means of sanitization of the root canal systems. The antimicrobial efficacy of herbal alternatives as endodontic irrigants is evaluated and compared with the standard irrigant sodium hypochlorite. MATERIALS & METHODS: Neem leaf extracts, grape seed extracts, 3% Sodium hypochlorite, absolute ethanol, Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) cultures, Brain heart infusion media. The agar diffusion test was performed in brain heart infusion media and broth. The agar diffusion test was used to measure the zone of inhibition. RESULTS: Neem leaf extracts and grape seed extracts showed zones of inhibition suggesting that they had anti-microbial properties. Neem leaf extracts showed significantly greater zones of inhibition than 3% sodium hypochlorite. Also interestingly grape seed extracts showed zones of inhibition but were not as significant as of neem extracts. CONCLUSION: Under the limitations of this study, it was concluded that neem leaf extract has a significant antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis. Microbial inhibition potential of neem leaf extract observed in this study opens perspectives for its use as an intracanal medication. How to cite this article: Ghonmode WN, Balsaraf OD, Tambe VH, Saujanya KP, Patil AK, Kakde DD. Comparison of the antibacterial efficiency of neem leaf extracts, grape seed extracts and 3% sodium hypochlorite against E. feacalis - An in vitro study. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(6):61-6 .

Effect of grape seed extracts on bond strength of bleached enamel using fifth and seventh generation bonding agents.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of grape seed extract (oligomericproanthocyanidin complexes [OPCs]) on the bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel using 5th and 7th generations of bonding agents. MATERIALS & METHODS: Eighty maxillary central incisors were randomly assigned to four groups as follows: Group I (n=20): no bleaching (control); Group II (n=20): bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide gel, without the use of an antioxidant; Group III (n=20): bleaching followed by the use of 10% sodium ascorbate; Group IV (n=20) : bleaching followed by the use of 5% proanthocyanidin solution. All the four groups were further subdivided into two groups of ten teeth each depending on the adhesive system used in order to bond the resin composite to enamel surfaces. Subgroup A: 5th generation bonding agent and subgroup B : 7th generation bonding agent. Shear bond strength of the specimens was tested under universal testing machine. RESULTS: The shear bond strength values were observed to be significantly higher in teeth treated with 10% sodium ascorbate and 5% proanthocyanidin as compared to the group in which no antioxidant was used. Also, bonding with 5th generation bonding agent resulted in significantly higher shear bond strength when compared to the 7th generation bonding agent. CONCLUSION: The use of grape seed extract as an antioxidant after bleaching significantly improves the bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel. 5th generation bonding agents have higher shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. How to cite this article: Abraham S, Ghonmode WN, Saujanya KP, Jaju N, Tambe VH, Yawalikar PP. Effect of grape seed extract on bond strength of bleached enamel using fifth and seventh generation bonding agents. J Int Oral Health 2013; 5(6):101-7 .