ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the duration of effect of a single dose of Biotène Moisturizing Spray on xerostomia compared to water spray. STUDY DESIGN: This double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial compared the duration of effect of 2 agents on relieving xerostomia in adult patients recruited through convenience sampling. Following a xerostomia questionnaire, qualifying patients with an unstimulated whole saliva flow rate of ≤0.20 mL/min rated their baseline level of discomfort from oral dryness and received a single dose (3 sprays) of Biotène Moisturizing Spray or water (active control). Patients indicated their level of oral discomfort every 15 min and the precise time when relief ceased. After a minimum 48-h washout, patients repeated the exercise with the alternative product. RESULTS: The baseline severity of discomfort from oral dryness among qualifying patients was significantly related to their level of hyposalivation (P = .001). The mean duration of effect of Biotène Moisturizing Spray was 27 ± 25 min, which was not significantly different from that for water (26 ± 25 min; P = .88; n = 25). CONCLUSION: Biotène Moisturizing Spray and water spray had variable durations of effect averaging approximately 30 min. The results of this pilot study provide guidance regarding anticipated usage and dispensing needs for patients with objective xerostomia. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03663231.
Subject(s)
Lactoperoxidase , Xerostomia , Adult , Drug Combinations , Glucose Oxidase , Humans , Muramidase , Pilot Projects , Saliva , Xerostomia/drug therapyABSTRACT
AIMS: The aim of the study was to assess the extent to which a relationship may exist between the wear of the anterior teeth and quality of life in a population of nursing home residents. METHODS AND RESULTS: A population (n = 100) of nursing home residents (mean age 75.7 years) was recruited all members of which had at least 4 upper and 4 lower anterior teeth and were assessed as cognitively intact by nursing personnel who were familiar with their behavior. The investigator evaluated the level of tooth wear of each subject according to the Tooth Wear Index of Donachie and Walls (Adapted) and then verbally administered the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) of Atchison and Dolan. Analyses did not reveal significant differences in tooth wear between males and females nor between age and GOHAI score; however, tooth wear was positively related to age and inversely related to quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that tooth wear is negatively related to quality of life.
Subject(s)
Geriatric Assessment , Nursing Homes , Quality of Life , Tooth Wear/diagnosis , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , New YorkABSTRACT
A 70-year-old African American man suffered anoxic encephalopathy following a choking episode. He had a history of hypertension, which was being treated with lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI). Soon after the patient's admission to an intensive care unit, his tongue began to swell until it reached more than twice its normal size and extended almost 2 inches outside his mouth. When the swelling did not diminish after 2 weeks, a diagnosis of ACEI-induced angioedema was determined. ACEIs have the potential to cause angioedema through an uncommon effect on the angiotensin-renin vascular control system. Lingual angioedema can be life-threatening due to the possibility of severe compromise of the airway and thus may require immediate intubation. After the ACEI is discontinued, swelling may remain if there is continued pressure from the maxillary and mandibular incisors on the dorsal and lingual surfaces of the tongue. In this case, the patient was comatose and unable to voluntarily move the tongue; therefore, relief from pressure was easily accomplished, and the edema was eventually diminished through a team effort in which a dentist instructed the nursing personnel on proper placement of Molt mouth props.
Subject(s)
Angioedema/therapy , Macroglossia/therapy , Aged , Angioedema/chemically induced , Angioedema/diagnosis , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Lisinopril/adverse effects , Macroglossia/chemically induced , Macroglossia/diagnosis , Male , Patient Care TeamSubject(s)
Geriatric Dentistry , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Health Services Accessibility , Humans , Middle Aged , Oral Health , Population Dynamics , Young AdultABSTRACT
Dental caries is one of the most significant health problems facing older adults. More than half of the elderly who are dentate are affected with either coronal or root caries, and caries is the primary cause of tooth loss in this population. New materials and techniques are emerging to help with geriatric preventive and restorative needs, but ongoing vigilance for caries will be required in this population, which is experiencing increased longevity and tooth retention.
