ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of surgical management of endometrioma on the outcome of assisted reproduction treatment (ART). DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING: Department of reproductive medicine at teaching university hospital, UK. PATIENTS: Subfertile women with endometrioma undergoing ART. INTERVENTIONS: Surgical removal of endometrioma or expectant management. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical pregnancy rate, pregnancy rate, live birth rate, number of oocytes retrieved and number of embryos available and ovarian response to gonadotrophins. RESULTS: An extensive search of electronic databases for articles published from inception to September 2016 yielded 11 eligible studies for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted comparing surgery versus no treatment of endometrioma. There were no significant differences in pregnancy rate per cycle, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate between women who underwent surgery for endometrioma and those who did not. CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that women with endometriosis-related infertility have similar cycle outcomes to other patients going through ART. It is pertinent for clinicians to assess the risks of surgical intervention on ovarian reserve prior to initiating therapy.
Subject(s)
Endometriosis/complications , Endometriosis/surgery , Fertilization in Vitro , Infertility, Female/therapy , Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic , Birth Rate , Female , Humans , Infertility, Female/etiology , Oocyte Retrieval , Ovarian Reserve , Ovary , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This is the first report of in vitro propagation and alkaloid accumulation in callus cultures of Ceropegia juncea Roxb. a source of "Soma" drug in Ayurvedic medicine. Multiple shoots and callus induction was optimized by studying the influence of auxins [IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), NAA (2-Naphthalene acetic acid) and 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.)] and cytokinins [BA (6-benzyladenine) and Kin (Kinetin)] alone and in combinations. The best response for multiple shoot induction was obtained in nodal explants on MS medium supplemented with 7.5 µM Kin (8.5 ± 3 shoots per explants). The shoots were rooted on half strength MS (Murashige and Skoog's) medium fortified with either IAA or NAA (0.5-2.0 µM). The plantlets were transferred directly to the field with 100 % success rate. Supplementation of MS medium with auxins and cytokinins enhanced the growth of callus but inhibited the shoot regeneration in nodal explants. Best callus induction and proliferation observed on MS + 1 µM 2,4-D+5 µM BA. However the maximum cerpegin content (470 µg/g dry weight) was recorded in dried callus derived on MS+10 µM IAA+5 µM BA. Quantitative TLC (Thin layer chromatography) studies of the callus revealed a phytochemical profile similar to that of naturally grown plants. The calli were maintained by subculturing at 4 weeks interval on fresh parent medium over a period of 34 months. The optimized in vitro propagation and callus culture protocol offers the possibilities of using organ/callus culture technique for vegetative propagation and production of cerpegin alkaloid.
ABSTRACT
Sulfaquinoxaline, a coccidiostat readily available to the public, was mixed in the drinking water for this purpose by the owner. Secondary to its use, a bleeding disorder attributable to hypoprothrombinemia developed in several dogs. Clinical signs of bleeding ceased 24 hours after institution of vitamin K1 and discontinuation of sulfaquinoxaline in the drinking water. This report should remind veterinarians that drugs and medications readily available to the public may have adverse effects in animals, and such problems should be investigated whenever multiple dogs in a common setting are affected with the same clinical problem.
Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Hypoprothrombinemias/veterinary , Sulfaquinoxaline/adverse effects , Animals , Dogs , Drinking , Female , Hypoprothrombinemias/chemically induced , Sulfaquinoxaline/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The toothbrush is an unusual foreign body in ENT practice. Three cases of impacted toothbrushes are presented.
Subject(s)
Esophagus , Foreign Bodies , Mouth , Toothbrushing/instrumentation , Accidents , Adult , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Closure of the nostril in atrophic rhinitis is a simple operation. Opening the obturated nose by excising the obturator membrane very often causes stenosis. A new and effective method for opening the nostrils, by means of flaps, is suggested.
