[Mycobacterial antigens and tuberculosis antibodies in the blood and pleural exudate of patients with tuberculous pleurisy]. / Antigeny mikobakterii i protivotuberkuleznye antitela v krovi i plevral'nom ékssudate u bol'nykh tuberkuleznym plevritom.

To enhance the efficiency of treating tuberculous pleurisy, a complex of therapeutical measures was supplemented by the immunomodulator licopid in 51 patients. The control group included 52 patients with pleurisy who received the same treatment regimen without licopid. Comparing the outcomes of treatment has revealed that licopid reduced the time of treatment, promotes the substantial diminution of antigenemia and the production of tuberculosis antigens, improves cell immunity and natural resistance.

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of pleurisy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika plevritov u bol'nykh tuberkulezom legkikh]

Ultrasound proved helpful in diagnosis of pleurisy in tuberculous patients. It is able to localize exudate, to determine its volume, size and characteristic features as well as to show structure of the pleural layers, the existence of pleural adhesions. Echography differentiates changes in the adjacent pulmonary tissue and pleura though it is difficult in patients with rapidly progressive tuberculosis, especially in caseous pneumonia because affected pulmonary tissue is also hypoechogenic. Ultrasound is superior to X-ray in low volumes of the liquid in the pleural cavity or atypical position of the pleural exudate. Ultrasonic investigation is also used in dynamic control of treatment effectiveness without radiation load on the patient.

[Differences in the efficiency of their interaction with membrane receptors of the dialkylaminoalkyl and dialkylaminoacyl derivatives of phenothiazine]. / Razlichiia v éffektivnosti vzaimodeistviia s membrannymi retseptorami dialkilaminoalkil'nykh i dialkilaminoatsil'nykh proizvodnykh fenotiazina.

New dialkylaminoacyl phenothiazine derivatives (DAC) were compared with their dialkylaminoalkyl analogues (neuroleptics chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine and fluphenazine) as well as with anti-arrhythmia drugs ethmozine and ethacizine for their receptor-blocking potencies. It was established that DAC are significantly less potent with dopamine alpha 1-adrenergic and H1-histamine receptors of calf and rabbit brain, which can explain the absence of neuroleptic effect of DAC drugs. DAC affinities to muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic receptors of both types are very similar to those of ethmozine and ethacizine. New DAC substance G-512 (chlorpromazine analogue) demonstrated high affinity to M1-muscarinic receptors of rabbit brain cortex (Ki = 4.2 nM) and to M2-muscarinic receptors of the rabbit heart (Ki = 48 nM).

[Structural-functional properties of erythrocyte membranes in patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma]. / Strukturno-funktsional'nye svoistva membran éritrotsitov u bol'nykh infektsionno-allergicheskoi bronkhial'noi astmoi.

A decrease in activity of Ca2(+)-ATPase and activation of Na+, K(+)-ATPase, correlating with elevation in content of phosphatidyl inositol and phosphatidyl serine, were detected in erythrocyte membranes of patients with the infectional-allergic form of bronchial asthma. Microviscosity of the erythrocyte membranes, estimated by fluorescence spectra of pyrene, was not altered, while negative charge as shown by ANS- fluorescence, was slightly increased on the membrane surface. Euphylline, intal, levamizole and glucocorticosteroid were found to regulate the ATPases activity in vivo and in vitro.

[Comparative study of the relative hydrophobicity and interaction with striatal dopamine receptors in the bull of representative dialkylaminoalkyl and dialkylaminoacyl phenothiazine derivatives]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie otnositel'noi gidrofobnosti i vzaimodeistviia s dofaminovymi retseptorami striatuma byka nekotorykh predstavitelei dialkilaminoalkil'nykh i dialkilaminoatsil'nykh proizvodnykh fenotiazina.

Physicochemical properties and ability of some dialkylaminoalkyl (DAL) and dialkylaminoacyl (DAC) phenothiazine derivatives to interact with bovine striatal dopamine receptors have been investigated. DAC analogs were significantly less effective for the inhibition of [3H]-spiperone-specific binding to D2-receptors. The decrease in lipophilicity observed in DAC agents, as compared to DAL, may be one of the causes for the loss of affinity to these receptors.