ABSTRACT
The object of this study was to compare the effect of standard and "low irritant" insecticide aerosols on lung function, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and symptoms in asthmatic subjects. A double blind randomized, crossover study was conducted in 25 asthmatic subjects who reported sensitivity to insecticide aerosols. All subjects were exposed for 30 min, on separate occasions, to two standard insecticide formulations (A and B), one low irritant formulation (C) and a negative control aerosol. Spirometric function and chest, nose and eye symptoms were recorded during, and for 90 min after, the exposure. AHR to methacholine was measured 90 min after the exposure. Compared to the negative control, the maximum fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was slightly greater after standard insecticides (mean differences from control +/-95% confidence interval: aerosol A, 3.3+/-3.6%, p=0.08; aerosol B, 5.1+/-4.7%, p=0.04), AHR was significantly more severe (mean difference from control: aerosol A, 0.35+/-0.29 doubling doses, p=0.028; aerosol B, 0.52+/-0.43 doubling doses, p=0.028), and symptoms were more severe. The low irritant test aerosol (C) did not differ significantly from the negative control with respect to FEV1, AHR or symptoms. It is concluded that some insecticide aerosols trigger symptoms and falls in lung function in some people with asthma. Furthermore, these aerosols may also increase airway hyperresponsiveness, although the mechanism of this effect has not been determined. The low irritant formulation did not appear to have the same effects.
Subject(s)
Asthma/physiopathology , Insecticides/adverse effects , Adult , Aerosols , Bronchial Hyperreactivity , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Cross-Over Studies , Double-Blind Method , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Insecticides/administration & dosage , Spirometry , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
The distribution of phenotypes and gene frequencies of the third component of complement (C3), group-specific component (Gc), haptoglobin (Hp) and transferrin (Tf) were studied in 115 patients with carcinoma of the prostate. The statistical analysis of our findings in comparison to the frequency of these genes in a control group of 155 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia does not reveal any correlation between the distribution of the Hp and Tf phenotypes and the disease. On the contrary, a statistically significant association was found between carcinoma of prostate and C3F and Gc2 genes. The relative risk incidence of this malignancy is 1.56 and 1.81, respectively, for the carriers of these genes suffering from benign prostate hyperplasia.
Subject(s)
Genetic Markers , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Complement C3/genetics , Gene Frequency , Haptoglobins/genetics , Humans , Male , Phenotype , Transferrin/genetics , Vitamin D-Binding Protein/geneticsABSTRACT
The distribution of phenotypes and gene frequencies of the C3 component of complement, group-specific component, transferrin and haptoglobin were studied in 155 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. A statistical analysis of the findings in comparison with the frequency of these genes in the general population failed to demonstrate any correlation between phenotype distribution and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Subject(s)
Complement C3/genetics , Genetic Markers , Prostatic Hyperplasia/genetics , Serum Globulins/genetics , Gene Frequency , Greece , Haptoglobins/genetics , Humans , Male , Phenotype , Transferrin/geneticsABSTRACT
The distribution of the phenotypes and the gene frequency of the 3rd fraction of complement (C3), the specific group (Gc), haptoglobin (Hp) and transferrin were studied in 133 patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder (papillary cancer). Statistical analysis of these results, in comparison with the frequency of these genes in the general population, was unable to demonstrate a correlation between the distribution of these phenotypes and papillary cancer.
