[On-board equipment-based study of psycho-physiological and biochemical responses dynamics of operators during 135-day isolation in the "Mir" orbital station phantom]. / Issledovanie s pomoshchíu bortovoí apparatury dinamiki psikhofiziologicheskikh i biokhimicheskikh reaktsií obsleduemykh v usloviiakh 135-sutochnoí izoliatsii v makete orbital'noí stantsii "Mir".

There present the investigative findings of the dynamics of psycho-physiological and biomedical responses of the test subjects during simulated emergencies at different stages of adaptation to 135-day isolation in the Mir orbital station mock-up. Ehe main operating factor of an emergency was the 2-day sleep deprivation in combination with the continuous complex and intensive operator work which included the elements of the professional activity of the cosmonauts, among them the simulation of the regular and emergency docking of the spacecraft. By and large the observed physiological responses were characterized by moderate degree of manifestation, they were of functional character and were adequate for the investigated experimental conditions. The impaired quality of performing the applied psychophysiological tests and what is especially important the operations simulating the cosmonauts, professional activity in the extreme emergency conditions is noteworthy. Judging from some indicators the manifestation was dictated by the duration of operator isolation in the Mir orbital station mock-up and by the duration of a contingency simulation. In the degree of manifestation and in the time of development some changes in the state and working capacity of the operators were characterized by the individual differences.

[Human cardiac activity during the 1st hours and days of exposure to antiorthostatic hypokinesia (according to the results of echocardiography)]. / Deiatel'nost' serdtsa cheloveka v pervye chasy i sutki prebyvaniia v usloviiakh antiortostaticheskoi gipokinezii (po dannym ékhokardiografii).

Six healthy volunteers (aged 19-24) were exposed to head-down tilt (at-10 degrees) for 7 days. The study revealed phasic changes of intracardiac circulation and the pump function which were not accompanied by contractility disorders. On the whole, the changes represented a manifestation of cardiovascular adaptation to hemodynamic shifts that are typical of this type of simulated weightlessness. The echocardiographic parameters varied similarly during the head-down tilt test and the joint Soviet-French experiment onboard Salyut-7.

[Effect of a combination of head-down posture and LBNP on human tracking performance and spatial orientation]. / Issledovanie vliianiia kombinatsii antiortostaticheskogo polozheniia i ODNT na kachestvo slezheniia i prostranstvennuiu orientirovku cheloveka.

Test subjects exposed to a head-down tilt at--30 degrees for an hour participated in the experiment. The use of LBNP during tilting improved precision of arrow orientation on the round-shaped screen (during continuous tracking) but did not influence orientation relative to the gravitational axis and the long axis of the body. The selective effect of LBNP on the orientation can be attributed to the increased importance of inner coordinates due to the pressure of interior walls of the LBNP suit on the foot surface, and blood pooling in the dependent part of the body.

[Effect of an increased level of hydration on human tolerance to orthostatism and the action of LBNP]. / Vliianie povyshennogo urovnia gidratsii na ustoichovost' cheloveka k ortostazu i vozdeistviiu ODNT.

Intake of fluid, water-salt solutions, water and sodium chloride resulted in hyperhydration, the level and duration of which varied with respect to the pattern and composition of the ingredients consumed. As applied to real space flights, fractional consumption of water and sodium chloride proved most promising. This regimen yielded a distinct and prolonged hyperhydration and incrased orthostatic and LBNP tolerance of the test subjects.